高中英语状语从句 5页

☆时状常见引导词：＊when,while,until/till,as,before,after,since,whenever,assoonas,once,＊n.短语：themoment/eachtime/everytime/thedistance…+clause＊nosooner…than…hardly/scarcely…when…考点：1when“正在这时……”2Itisalongtimebefore/after…3Itis/was…since…（完成时）…4nosooner…than…hardly/scarcely…when…①时态:主句用过去完成时;从句用过去时.②否定副词提到句首,句子要部分倒装.5until/till①not…until…②强调句式:Itis/wasnotuntil+从句+that+主句③not提到句首,句子倒装→Notuntil+时间状语（从句）+部分倒装的主句1Ihadjuststartedbackforthehousetochangemyclothes____Iheardvoices.AasBwhenCafterDwhile2Nosoonerhadwereachedthetopofthehill____weallsatdowntorest.AwhenBthenCthanDuntil3Doingyourhomeworkisasurewaytoimproveyourtestscores,andthisisespeciallytrue___itcomestoclassroomtests.AwhenBsinceCbeforeDafter4Amanescapedfromtheprisonlastnight.Itwasalongtime____theguardsdiscoveredwhathadhappened.AbeforeBuntilCsinceDafter5Youseethelightning____ithappens,butyouhearthethunderlater.AtheinstantBforaninstantContheinstantDinaninstant注意vbythetime,eachtime,everytime,immediately,themoment,theinstant,theminute,soon\nafter,shortlyafter都可以作为连词，引导时间状语。6Itwasalmost10years___Ihadseenherlasttime.AbeforeBafterCwhenDsince☆地点状语从句常见引导词：where,whereverBoysalwaysgotoswimwherethewaterisdeep.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.☆原因状语从句常见引导词：because,as,for（并列句）,since,that,inthat,nowthatseeing(that)…;given(that)…Shewasdisappointedthatherserviceshadbeenoverlookedbyhersuperiors.Seeing(that)hewasbetter,theydidn’tsendforthedoctor.Given(that)sheisinterestedinchildren,I’msureteachingistherightcareerforher.==Givenherinterestinchildren,I’msureteachingistherightcareerforher.☆结果状语从句常见的引导词：so(并列句),that,sothat…;so…that…;such…that…;Somuchsothat…表示程度，引导结果分句--DoesAllenlikehamburgers?--Yes.Somuchsothatheeatsthemalmosteveryday.Itwassocoldthattheriverhadfrozen.ItwassuchaninterestingstorythatIcouldn’tstopreadingit.☆目的状语从句常见引导词：that,sothat…;inorderthat…;lest,forfearthat…(虚拟语气);incase…(虚拟语气)﹡Mandoesnotlivethathemayeat,buteatsthathemaylive.﹡Hereismytelephonenumbersothatyoucancallmewhenyouarriveherenexttime.﹡Thedriverlookedattheenginecarefullylestit(should)gowrongontheway.☆条件状语从句常见引导词：if,unless,as/solongas,incase(虚拟条件句用虚拟语气),onconditionthat,providing/provided(that)…\nsuppose/supposing(that)…Youcan’tpasstheexamunlessyouworkharder.Ifitrainstomorrow,Iwillgotoschoolbytaxi.Icanlendyoumydictionaryaslongasyoucankeepitclean.Pleaseletmeknowincasehecomes.Shewouldbepreparedtocometotheparty,provided/providingthatshecouldbringherdaughter.Supposing/Supposeallthedoorswerelocked,howwouldyougetintothehouse?☆让步状语从句常见引导词:though,although,as,evenif/though,whileforallthat...（尽管……whether…or…（省略倒装）;nomatter+特殊疑问词/特殊疑问词+-everEvenifitisrainingveryhard,hewouldstillgototakecareoftheyoungtreesintheschoolyard.Heisagoodcomradeforallthathemayhaveshortcomingsandfaults.1as引导让步状语从句,必须用倒装语序;though引导让步状语从句可倒装可不倒装;although引导让步状语从句不能倒装.倒装情况：a把从句中作表语的adj./n.提到句首；若表语为单数可数名词，提前时要省略（即去掉）不定冠词.b把从句中作状语的adv.提到句首.c有时把从句中的谓语动词原形提到句首.Airexistseverywherealthoughwecan’tseeit.Thoughitwasverylate,theywentonworking.Childasheis,hecanspeakEnglishfluently.Muchthoughhelikesher,hedoesn’tloveher.Failashedid,hewouldtryagain.2nomatter+特殊疑问词or特殊疑问词+-ever引导让步状语从句①注意词序：nomatterhow/however+adj./adv.nomatterwhat/whatever+n.+②从句中有时要用虚拟语气:may+动词原形或直接用动词原形；有时还要用倒装语序;Howeverrichpeopleare,theyalwaysseemanxioustomakemoney.Nomatterwhatdifficultieswemayhave,wehaveconfidenceinourselves.Whatevermaycome,wewon’tleavetheworkhalfdone.→\nComewhatmay,wewon’tleavetheworkhalfdone.Whoeveryoube,youhavenorighttodosuchathing.3whether…or…引导让步状语从句，常省略whether,且把动词原形be提到句首.Berichorpoor,heiskindtoeverybody.(Whetherheisrichorpoor)Befriendorfoe,thelawregardshimascriminal.(Whetherheisafriendorafoe,…)☆方式状语从句常见引导词：as,asif/though(虚拟句用虚拟语气)WheninRome,doastheRomansdo.Helooksasifheisill.Hetalksasifhewereascholar.Hespeaksasifhehadseenitwithhisowneyes.Itlooksasifitmightrain.☆比较状语从句常见引导词：as/so…as…;…than…;Themore…,themore…;thesameas…;such…as…noless…thannomore…than=not…anymorethannotsomuch…as…Eg①noless…than表示“在……方面不比……差”Johnisnolesshardworkingthanhissister,buthefailedintheexam.②A…not…anymorethanBA…nomore…thanB…“正如A不能…,B也不能…”“A和B…一样都不…”HeisnomoreabletoreadSpanishthanIam.=HeisnotabletoreadSpanishanymorethanIam.③ItisnotsomuchAasB“与其说A,毋宁说B…”Itisnotsomuchthelanguageastheculturalbackgroundthatmakesthebookdifficulttounderstand.HeknewaboutthenewcomerasmuchasIdid.Hefinishedtheexamearlierthanhisclassmatesdid.Sheisthesameageasyou.Wearenotsuchfoolsastobelievehim.Theharderyouwork,themoreachievementyouwillmake.④排斥问题×ChinaislargerthananycountryinAfrica.√ChinaislargerthananyothercountryinAsia.⑤替代问题:\n替代词one/ones,that/thosethat指物,代可数名词单数和不可数名词;those指物或人,代替可数名词复数；one指人或物,代替可数名词单数;ones指人或物,代替可数名词复数；名词后有of短语时,常用that/those;名词前有形容词修饰时,常用one/ones;Theuptrainsarefullerthanthedown_____.Theengineofyourcarisbetterthan____ofmine.⑥比较对象一致、主谓一致及时态语态等问题×ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanAmerica.√ThepopulationofChinaislargerthanthatofAmerica.☆类比状语从句常见引导词：what,as“AistoBwhatCistoD”表示A与B的关系和C与D的关系具有可比性.如果A,B,C,D为数字时,则用as,表示比例上的相等。EgThepeopleistotheParty’sarmywhat/aswateristofish.人民的军队离不开人民,就象鱼离不开水。Intellectistothemindwhat/assightistothebody.智力之于大脑,犹如视力之于躯体。Twelveistothreeasfouristoone.12之于3等同于4之1。Theblueprintistothebuilderwhat/astheoutlineistothewriter.蓝图对于建筑设计师就象提纲对于作家一样。Readingistothemindwhat/asexerciseistothebody.读书对于思想,好比运动对于身体一样。Leavesdoforplantswhat/aslungsdoforanimals.叶子对于植物的作用,正如肺对于动物的作用一样。