高中英语相似词汇汇总 12页

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  • 2022-08-30 发布

高中英语相似词汇汇总

  • 12页
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.  学习英语词汇中,有时同义词的辨析是很不容易的,我们一般从三方面进行区分,即:语法、语义和文体。语法主要是词性、搭配、句式等的区分;语义主要是词义的本义、引申义、比喻义和内涵和外延等的区分;文体主要是正式和非正式、褒义和贬义等的区分。下面是笔者整理的50组同义词。  1.路  way:Whereverthereisroomforanobjecttoproceed,thereisaway.  road:Aroadisapreparedwayfortravelingwithhorsesorvehicles.  path:Awaysuitabletobetraveledonlybyfootpassengersorbyanimals.  route:Arouteisalineoftravel,andmaybeovermanyroads.  street:Astreetisinsomecentreofhabitation,asacitytownorvillage,whenitpassesbetweenhousesofdwellings.  avenue:Aavenueisalong,broadandimposing(壮严)orprincipalstreet.  2.时代(期)(时期)  period:Itindicatesanypassageoftime,greatorsmall./anextentoftimeofanylength.(时代)  time(s):Itreferstoaperiodinhistory.inancienttimes/inVictoriatime(新时代)  epoch:Itindicatesalongperiodoftimemarkedbyeventsordevelopmentofaparticularkind.  Thefirstflightintospacemarkedanewepochinthehistoryofmankind.(纪元)  era:Itreferstoaverylongperiodoftimemarkedbyaparticularfeatureinagreatneweraofworldrevolution(时期)  age:Itshowsaparticular/afairlydefiniteperiodinhistory.theBronzeAge,IronAge  3.战斗(打仗)  fight:Itisabodilystruggle(奋斗斗争)  struggle:Aneffortofanykindtoovercomedifficulty.  (战斗)battle:Afightbetweenarmedforces.  (战役)campaign:Aseriesofrelatedmilitaryoperationsinawar.  (战争)war:Aperiodoffightbetweencountriesorstateswhenweaponsareusedandmanypeoplearekilled.  (对抗)combat:Afight,conflict,controversy.  4.牧师(教士牧师)  priest:Aperson,esp.amanspeciallytrainedforvariousreligiousdutiesandceremonies,intheChristianchurch,esp.intheRomanCatholicchurch  (牧师)minister:Amemberofclergy,esp.Protestantchurches.  (牧师)clergy(pl):Theofficiallyappointedleaderofthereligiousactivitiesofaparticularchurchortemple.  clergyman:clergymen(pl)amemberofclergy..\n.  (牧师)pastor:AChristianreligiousleaderinchargeofachurchanditsmembers,esp.inaProtestantchurch.  (教区牧师)vicar:Apriestinchargeofanarea(parish)inthechurchofEngland.  father:Alittleofrespectforapriest,esp.intheRomanCatholic.  5.服装  clothing(collect):(fml)Generaltermofclothes.  clothes(nosingle):Coveringsofthebodysuchascoats,dresses,suits,shoes,hats.  garment(fl):Asuitofclothesusedbyactors./asinglearticleofclothing.  costume:  1)Thefashionofdresspeculiartoapeople,nation,class,period,etc.  2)Adresswornbyactorsinaplay.uniform:wornbyallmembersofthecommunity.  dress:  1)Akindofoutergarmentwornbywomen(连衣裙).  2)wornonspecialoccasions(礼服)eveningdress/morningdress  suit:Asetofouterclothestobeworntogether.eveningsuit/swimmingsuit  coat:Agarmentwithsleeveswornontopofotherclothesfromrain,heat,etc.  overcoat:Awarncoatworninthestreet.  6.哭  cry:Themostgeneralone.  (哭泣)weep:Toletflowtears.  (抽泣抽嗒)sob:Toweeporsighwithshortquickbreaths.  (哭天抹泪涕泪交流)snivel:Tosniffleandcryinairritatingmanner.  (哭嚎又哭又闹)blubber:Tocryloudlynoisily.  (发出低声报怨声)whine:Tomakealowcomplainingcry.  (嚎哭)bawl:Toutterloudcries(alwaysinbadsense).  (痛哭)wail:Tocryaloudfrompainorsorrow.  (呻吟)moan:Tomakealow,miserablesoundinpainorsorrow.  (呻吟)grown:Tomakealowsoundofpain,unhappinessordisapproval  (哀悼)mourn:Tofeelorshowsadnessorsorrowforsomeonewhohasdied.  (哀悼)lament:Toexpressgreatsorroworregret.  7.美丽漂亮  good-looking:Havinganattractiveappearanceinastrong,healthywayusedformenandwomennotthings.  beautiful:(awomanorathing)Suggestingsymmetryoffeaturesorperfectionofproportion,eleganceandmobility.beautifulflowers,abeautifulgirl/voice/city/facebeautifulweather..\n.  handsome:Ofattractiveappearanceappliestomen.ahandsomefellow/actor/horse/buildings/youngman.  pretty:(agirl,orasmallthing)Suggestinglivelinessandsweetness,pleasingornicetolookat.aprettylittlewoman/garden,aprettygirl/picture/pieceofmusic,  lovely:(something)Sobeautifulthatitmakesyoufeelgoodtolookatitoreventothinkaboutit.Thegardenlookslovely.  fair:Beautiful(ofwomaninpoet)lightincoloresp.,skinhair.  gorgeous:(personsorthings)(inf)Extremelybeautifulorhandsome.  8.拉、拖  pull:Themostgeneralone.  draw:Itimpliesasmoother,steadiermotionandgenerallyalighterforcethanpull.  drag:Itusuallyreferstohorizontalmotionormotionupanincline(slope)anditsuggestslaboriouseffortsoverroughgroundoragainstfriction,resistanceorgravity.  Theescapedprisonerwasdraggedoutofhishidingplace.  haul:Itimpliescontinuouspullingordraggingofheavyorbulkyobjects.  Thefishermanishaulinganet.  tug:Itappliestohardoftensuddenviolentefforttopull.  Hetuggedatmysleevetoaskdirections.  jerk:Topullsuddenly.  Hejerkedouttheknifethatwasstuckinthewound.  tow:Topullbyaropeorchain.Wetowedthecartothenearestgarage.  wrench:Topullhardwithatwistingorturningmovement.  9.旋转  turn:Themostgeneralone.  (自转)spin:Toturnquicklyaroundacentralpoint.  Itemphasizesthecontinuityoftheaction,andusuallythenarrowextentofthecircularmotion.  Thewheelisspinningonitsaxis.  (急转)whirl:Toroundveryfast.  Itimpliesthelockofconsciouscontrol.  Theleaveswhirlinthewindintheyard.  (转动)rotate:Toturnroundafixedpointwithacircularmovement.  Theearthrotatesonceevery24hours.  (绕转)revolve:Toturnormoveinacirclearoundacentralpoint.  Itindicatescircularorelliptical(椭圆)movement.  Theplanetsrevolvearoundthesun.  10.生气、气愤  anger:Themostgeneralone.  (易怒)becross:Feelingeasytogetangry..\n.  (愤慨)indignation:(fml)Anger.  Itstressesrighteousangeratwhatoneconsidersunfair,meanorshameful.  Weexpressedourindignationattheruthlessexploitation.  (愤怒)wrath:Verytreatanger.(literary)  Itsuggestsadesireonintenttorevengeorpunish.  (狂怒)rage:Wild,violentanger.  Itsuggestslossofself-controlfromviolenceofemotion.inarage/tofallintoarage.  (暴怒)fury:Violent,extremeanddestructiveanger.  Sheflewintoafury.  11.错误  (误会)mistake:Awrongthought,act.ItimpliescarelessnessAnyonecanmakeamistake.  (过错弱点)fault:Abadpoint,butnotofaseriousmoralkind.Itreferstobehaviorandcharacter.Hisonlyfaultisthathelacksambition.  findfaultwithsb/atfaultshortcoming:Weakness,failing  Itreferstofailuresordeficienciesinthingsaswellaspeople.  InspiteofallhershortcomingsIstillthinkshe'soneofthebestteachersintheschool.  (疏忽)error:Amistake(formalsometimesliterary)  Itimpliesdeviationfromastandardormodel  Theaccidentwascausedbyhumanerror.  (缺点毛病)defect:sthlackingorimperfect.  Itreferstoquality.  Theradiowasreturnedbecauseofadefect.  (失误过失)blunder:Averystupidorunnecessarymistake.  Itimpliesignorance.  Thisisthefatalblunderofhislife.  12.图画  picture:Themostgeneralone.  (彩图)painting:pictureswithcolor.  (绘画图画)drawing:Apicturemadewithapen,pencilandcrayon.Sketch,diagramsandgraphsarealldrawings.  (草图)sketch:Aroughnotdetaileddrawing.  (图解图表)diagram:Adrawing,figurethatshowsthearrangementofsomething.  (曲线图)graph:Adiagraminwhichastraightline,curved,orzigzaglineshowshowtwosetsofnumbersormeasurementsarerelated.  (插图)illustration:Apicturetogowithwordsofabook.  (图样草图)draft:Thefirstroughwrittenformofanything..\n.  (平面图)plan:Alinedrawingofabuildingasitmightbeenseenfromabove.  (主视图)elevation:Aflatuprightsideofabuilding.  (海图)chart:Amapesp.adetailedmapofaseaarea.  13.特别  (专门的,与众不同的)special:Differentinsomewayfromwhatiscommon,ordinary,orusual.  Itstresseshavingaquality,character,identity,oruseofitsown.  Thetubecontainsspecialgases.  (特别的)especial:(fml)Toanusuallygreatdegree,exceptional  Itemphasizestheimportanceofthethingsorthepersonsmentioned  Thisisamatterofespecialimportance.  (各别的)particular:Relatingorbelongingtoonlyonethingorperson.  Itstressesthedistinctnessofsomethingasanindividualwhichisworthnotice.Inthatparticularcase,theruledoesn'thold.(适用)  (特种的)specific:Detailedandexact,clearinmeaningandexplanation,fixed,determined.(usedinscientificarticles)  Itimpliesaqualityorcharacterdistinguishingakindoraspecies.  Hegavemeaveryspecificinstruction.Thereisaspecifictoolforeachjob.  (独特的)peculiar:Strangeorperhapsunpleasant.  Itimpliesstrangeness.Hehasapeculiarwayofspeaking.  14.取消、消灭  (取消解除)cancel:Togiveup,todeclaresomethingistobeeffective.  Hehascancelledhisleaveofabsence.(消假)  (废除废止)abolish:Todoawaywith.Itreferstopractices,socialinstitutions.Badcustomsshouldbeabolished.  (消灭排除)eliminate:Togetridof.  Weshouldeliminatethefalseandretainthetrue.  (撤消废除)repeal:Tobringtoanendoftheeffectofalaworanorder.Somelawsshouldberepealed.  (根除消灭)exterminate:Todestroycompletelyandwholly.Colonialismmustbeexterminated.  15.破碎  break:Themostgeneralone.  (压碎压破)crush:Topresstogetherviolentlyastobreak,todestroyitsshapebysqueezingit.Itsuggeststheeffectofgreatexternalpressure.  Thetreefellontopofthecarandcrushedit.  (打碎)smash:Tobreakthoroughlytopieceswithacrushingsound.  Shedroppedtheplateandsmashedit..\n.  (打裂)crack:Tobreakwithoutseparationofparts.  Itsuggeststhebreakingoutacrossasurface.  Hecrackedthewindowbyleaningagainstit.  (破裂)burst:Tobreakopenbypressurefromwithin.  Thefireworksburstwhiletheywereintheair.  (砸碎破碎)shatter:Tobreakintopieces.  Itsuggeststhebreakingupofathinsurface.  Theglasswasshatteredtopieces.  (撞坏)crash:Torefertothevehiclewhichhitssomethingandisbadlydamaged.  16.环境形势  (环境形势)conditions:Thelocationandotherfactorslikelyto  affectit.Itsuggestssomethingthathasstayedthesamefor  sometimeandwhichaffectsdailylifesuchasfood,work,andhouses.  Wearenowstudyingtheeconomicconditionsinthedevelopingcountries.  (形势)situation:Apositionorstateataparticulartime,setofconditions,facts,andeventshavinganeffectonaperson,society,etc.  Itsuggestsmoregeneralmatterssuchasgovernmentplanningandfinance.  Thepoliticalsituationinthesecountriesarealwayschanging.  (环境周围外界)environment:Thecircumstances,thingsandconditionsthatinfluenceyou.Itreferstospiritaspect,physicalaspectand  materialaspect.Wemusttrytobeautifyourenvironment.  (形势情况)circumstance(s):Asituationoreventaroundus,acertainkindofatmosphere,theconditionsthataffect  whathappens.in(under)thecircumstances  (环境周围事物)surrounding(s):Theareaandenvironmentaroundaplaceor  person.Itindicatesaverynarrowcondition,"physically"sometimesreflectsspiritualaspect.  Theylivedinhostilesurroundings.  17.著名的  well-known:(infl)  famous:Themostgeneralone.widelyknownorhonored.  (杰出的知名的)distinguished:Great,outstandingmarkedbyexcellentqualityordeservedfame,usedespeciallyofpeoplewhoarefamousforseriousworkinscience,theartsetc.  Hewasadistinguishedwriter.  (驰名的)celebrated:Famous,(substituteforrenowned).\n.  Itrefersobjectivelytosborsomethingthathasbeengiveacclaimorhonouredwithawardsorprizes.Shewasacelebratedactress.  renowned:Highlyhonoredandfamousforsomethinggood.oftenreferstoplacesorthings,alsoItsuggestssomethingthathasbecomelegendaryorisnolongeravailableforanobjectiveevaluation.  Edisonwasrenownedforhisinventions.  noted:Well-knownandadmired  Itoftendescribesamoreintellectualkindofeffortandaccomplishmentindicatinganauthorityorexpertortheirtheories.Maybeitisnotwidely  knowntothegeneralpublic.Hewasaverynotedexpert.  (臭名昭著)notorious:Famousforsomethingbad.  Heisnotoriousforhiscrimes.  18.强盗  thief:Themostgeneralone.  (强盗)robber:Itsuggestsadirectconfrontationinwhichtheownerisforcedtogiveuphisvaluables.  (行凶强劫)mugger:Apersonwhoattacksandrobspeopleinastreetorinalift.  burglar:Apersonwhobreaksintoahouseatnighttostealsomething.  (歹徒暴徒)gangster:Amemberofagroupofcriminals,esp.thosewhoare  armedandusegunstothreaten.  (匪徒)bandit:anarmedrobber.  Itsuggestsanorganizedgroupinaruralsetting.  (土匪)brigand:Arobberwholivesbyrobbingtravelersinthecountry.  (海盗)pirate:Apersonwhorobsonthesea.  19.摇动,颤动  shake:Themostgeneralone.tomoveupanddownorbackandforth.  Itreferstopersonsorthings.  (发抖)quiver:Totremblealittle.  Itsuggestsarapidbutinvisiblevibration.  Hislipsquiveredwithemotion.  (颤抖)tremble:Toshakeuncontrollablyandslightlyasfromfear,cold,excitementetc.  Itimpliesuneasinessandnervousness.  Hervoicetrembledasshebegantosing.  (瞬间发抖)shiver:Totremblefromfearorcold.  Itsuggestsaslightandrapidmovement.  Hestoodshiveringinthesnow.  (极度颤动)quake:toshakeortrembleviolently.  Itsuggestsamoreviolentandsuddenchange.  Hequakedwithexcitement..\n.  Anexplosioncammakethegroundquake.  (抽筋般颤动)shudder:Toshakeuncontrollablyforamovement.  Itsuggestsamoreintenseshaking.  Sheshudderedatthesightofasnake.  20.说话谈话  (说话)speak:Touseyourvoicetosaywords.  (说)say:Tospeakwords.  (发出声音)utter:Tomakesoundandsaywords.  drawl:Tospeakinaslow,prolongedmanner.  mutter:Toexpressdispleasurewithcompressedlips.  rave:Totalkinanangry,uncontrolledway.  gabble:Totalkrapidly,makinginarticulatesounds.  (谈论)remark:Tomentionitorcommentonit.  (陈述)state:Tosay,expressorputintowords,esp.formally.  Hestatedhisview.  (讲述)narrate:Totellformallyinwritingorspeechordescribe  somethinginorderwithintonation.  Henarratedhisadventureintheforest.  (详述)relate:Totellformallyindetails,togiveanaccountof.  Herelatedhisexperiences.  (讲演)address:Tosayinspeechorwritingtoapersonorgroup.  tell:Toletpeopleknowaboutsomething.  talk:Tosaythingstosomeone.  converse:Totalkformally.  Thescholarsareconversingwitheachotheron  linguistics.  chat:Totalkinafriendly,familiar,informalmanner.  Thetwofriendssatinacornerandchatted.  chatter:Totalkcontinuouslyrapidlyaboutsmallthings.  Theschoolgirlswentalongchattering.  whisper:Totalkinalowvoice.  Shewhisperedmenottotalksoloudly.  murmur:Tomakeasoftsound,esp.tospeakorsayinaquietvoice.  Heoftenmurmurstohimself.  (闲谈)gossip:Totalkaboutthedetailsofotherpeople'sactions  andprivateliveswhichmaynotcorrectorproper.  Thatwomanisveryfondofgossipingaboutothers..\n.  stammer:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseofexcitement,embarrassment.  stutter:Tospeakwithpausesandrepeatedsoundsbecauseof  inherentspeechdefect.  21.事情,事件  (事)thing:Anevent,afact,asubject.  Hetalkedofmanyinterestingthings.  (事情)matter:Seththatyouhavetodealwith,somethingtobediscussed,thoughtover.  Thereareseveralmatterstobedealtwithatthemeeting.  (事务责任)business:Aspecialduty,somethingthathastobedone.  Publicbusinessiseveryone'sbusiness.  (事务)affair:Aneventorsetofconnectedevents.(pl)privateandpersonallife.  Ihavemanyaffairstolookafter.  (事件)event:Animportanthappening.Eventssuchasbirthdaysandanniversariesareoftencelebrated.  Doyouknowthechiefeventsof1986.  incident:Notasimportantasanevent.Incidentsseldomarecelebrated.Sometimesaneventbecomesanincidentaftermanyyearshavepassed.  (偶然事件)happening:Anoccurrence,andsometimesanunusualone.  Therehavebeenstrangehappeningsherelately.  (偶发事件)occurrence:Anincidentthatisusuallyunexpectedandhasnotbeenplannedaheadoftime.  Floodispracticallyanannualoccurrenceinthisdistrict.  22.承认  admit:Toagreetothetruthof,usu,somethingbad.  Itsuggestsreluctanceorpossibleobjection.  Headmittedhiscrime/stealing.  (自白供认)confess:Toadmitguiltastoacrimeorastoashortcoming,inthesenseofmakingknowntoothersone'sownerrororwrongdoing.  Heconfessedhisfault/doingsomethingwrong.  acknowledge:toagreethetruthof,recognizethefactorexistenceofwhathavesaidordone,goodorbad.  Itemphasizesopenlyinaembarrassingorawkwardandusuallynotvoluntaryway.  Iacknowledgedmysignature/mistakes/errors/havingbeendefeated.  grant:Toadmitortoagreesomethingistrue.  Igrantedhisrequest/hishonesty.  takesth/sbforgranted.  concede:Toadmitastrue,justorproperoftenunwillinglybecauseofoverwhelmingevidence..\n.  Iconcededyouthatpoint,butIstillthinkyouarewrong.  recognize:Toacceptoracknowledgeit.  Itreferstosomethingaboutlawanddiplomacy.  ThenewregimewasrecognizedbyChina.  23.走路  walk:Themostgeneralone.  stride:Towalkwithlongsteps.  Hestrodethroughthestationafewminutesbeforethetrainleft.  (高视阔步)stalk:Towalkstiffly,slowly,andproudlywithlongsteps.  trot:Tojog,movequickly,usureferstohorses.  (蹒跚而行)waddle:Towalkfromsidetosidewithshortstepslikeaduck.  Thefatmanwaddledoutoftheroom.  (蹒跚)stagger:Towalkunsteadily,slideanddragthefeetalmost  fallingateachstep,usuallybecauseofillness,injuryordrink.  Afterdrinkingtoomuch,hestaggeredinthestreet.  (摇摆蹒跚)totter:Towalkunsteadilyshowinggreatweaknessoftenused  ofveryyoungchildrenlearningtowalk.Thechildtotteredbeforehisparents.  (拖着脚走)shuffle:Tomovewithoutliftingthefeetclearofthefloorasifwearingslippers.  Theoldmanshuffledalongtheroad.  (趾高气扬地走)strutTowalkinaproudstrongway,esp.withthechestoutandtryingtolookimportant.  (慢行)amble:Towalkataneasygentlerate.  Itstressesaleisurelybutregularmovement.  (闲逛)stroll:Towalk,esp.slowly,forpleasure.  Itemphasizesaslowermovement,morewanderingandaimlesswithsuggestionsofmanystartsandpauses.  Theyarestrollingthroughthispark.  saunter:Alittlemoreformalthanstroll.  (漫步徘徊)wander:Tomoveaboutwithoutafixedcourse,aim,orpurpose.  Hewaswanderingabout/down/through/upanddownthestreet.  (漫游)roam:Towanderwithasveryclearaim.  Itsuggestsamoreseriouspurposebehindtheirregular  ofcircularmovementincompleteforgetfulnessoftime.  Theloversroamedaround/throughthefields..\n.  (跋涉)trudge:Towalkheavilyandwearilywitheffortaswhenone(plod)istired.  Thehunterwastrudgingthroughthedeepsnow.  (重步行走)tramp:Towalkwithfirmheavysteps.  Whohasbeentrampingalloverthecarpetinmuddyshoes.  (扭扭捏捏地走)  mince:Towalkwithlittleshortstepsinanaffectedmanner.  Itwasafunnysighttoseehermincealong.  slouch:Towalkinaloose,ungainly(不雅观)way.  hustle:Towalkinabusy,activeway.  24.跳  jump:Themostgeneralone.tothrowoneselfintotheair.(跳起)  leap:(literary)Tospringthroughtheair,oftenlandinginadifferentplace.  Theboyleapedoverthebrookwithoutdifficulty.  (跳跃)spring:Toleapsuddenlyandquickly.  Hesprangtohisfeetatthesuddennoise.  (跳着跑)bound:Tospringlightlyalong.  Itsuggestshighspiritsandexcitement.  Hisdogboundedtomeetme.  (轻快地跑)skip:Tomoveinaslightdancingway,aswithquickstepsandjumps.  Thelittlegirlskippedathermother'sside.  hop:Tojumpononeleg.  Theboyhadhurthislegandhadtohopalong.  vault:Toleapoversomethingusingthehandsorapole.  Youcanvaultafencebyputtingyourhandsonitandswingingyourselfover.  hurdle:Tojumpoversomethingwhilerunning.  Thehorsehurdledthefenceandranintothewoods.  25.特点特征  quality:Themostgeneralone.(特点)  characteristic:Qualitytypicalofaparticularpersonandthing,aspecialandeasilyrecognizedqualityofsb/sth.  Ithasmayscientificortechnicaluses.  Itimpliesneutraldescriptioninreferringtoanyaspectofsomethingwithoutevaluatingitsrelativeimportancetothewhole.  Ausefulcharacteristicofthecatisitsabilitytocatchandkillmice.  (特征)character:Thecombinationofqualitieswhichmakeaparticularperson,thing,place,etc..\n.  AtendencynottoshowemotionsissupposedtobepartoftheBritishnationalcharacter.  (性质)nature:Thequalitiesmakesomeoneorsomethingdifferentfromothers.  Itindicatesthewidestrangeoftraits,includingemotional,mentalandphysicalqualities.  Itisonlyhumannaturetolikemoney.  (特征)attribute:Aqualitybelongingtoorformingpartofthe  matureofapersonorthing.  Thewordispositiveratherthannegative.  Darknessisanattributeofnight.  (特性)peculiarity:Thequalityofbeingpeculiar,strangeness,unusualness.  Itshowsanunpleasantattributethatisquitenoticeable.  Oneofhispeculiaritiesisthathistwoeyesarenotthesamesize.  (特色)feature:Atypicalandnoticeablepartorquality.  Itsuggestssomethingpositiveandspecifically  Itreferstophysicalappearance.  Alakeisanimportantfeatureinthisarea.  (品质特性)trait:Aparticularqualityofsb/sth.  Itreferstomoreabstractattributes.Honestyanddiligencearethechieftraitsofhischaracter.  (个性)personality:Thewholenatureorcharacterofaparticularperson.  Itreferstothewholeindefinableemotionalcolorationthataspecificpersongivesoff.Hehasastrongpersonality..

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