高中英语选修6(老师) 13页

U1重点词汇讲解1.Thereareavarietyofdifferentstylesofstand-upcomedy.单口喜剧很很多种。Variety—n.多种样式；多变性常用结构：avarietyof/varietiesof多种多样的，种类繁多的，相当于形容词various(1)Thereisawidevarietyofpatternstochoosefrom.有种类繁多的图案可供选择。(2)Thistoolcanbeusedinavarietyofways.这种工具有多种用途。(3)Shetookthejobforvariousreasons.她由于种种原因接受了这份工作。2・Somecomedianstelljokesaboutthewaypeoplebehaveoraboutdailylife・有些喜剧演员拿人们的行为方式或是日常生活开玩笑。Behave—v.表现一般与副词或介词连用(1)Thedoctorbehavedveryunprofessionally.那位更牛的做法违反职业道徳。(2)Hebehavedlikeatruegentleman.他的行为像个真正的绅士。【相关拓展】Behave(oneself)表现得体；有礼貌(3)IwantyoutobehaveyourselfwhileIamaway.我不在家的吋候你们要乖乖的。(4)Shedoesn'tknowhowtobehaveinpublic.她在公共场合举止无措。Adv.-behaved表现得的如：well-behaved,badly-behaved(5)Thebadly-behavedchildrenarereallyaheadachetome.那些表现得不好的孩子对我来说真头疼。Behaviorn.彳亍为，举止3・Thelastkindofcomediandoesimpressions—heorshewillactorspeaklikeawell-knownpersoninordertomakefunofthatperson.最后一类会进行印象模仿演员会模仿一个名人来表演或说话以取笑那个名人。makefunof-开的玩笑，嘲笑意思相当于laughat(1)Don'tmakefunofpeoplewithdisabilities.不要嘲笑残疾人。【相关拓展】注意fun是不可数名词,与fun有关的短语或句型有：(1)havefun二haveagoodtime玩得开心；(2)Itisfuntodosth.做某事有趣;(3)Whatfunitistodosth!做某事多有趣啊！Ma%短语复习：记在笔记本上。4・PeoplearoundtheworldenjoywatchinghimwhenhehoststheAcademyAwards.全世界的人们都喜欢看他主持奥斯卡颁奖庆典。Awardn.奖；奖品；奖金；奖状v.授予；奖励(1)Hewonanawardforhisgoodperformance.他因表演得好而获奖。\n(1)Peopleliketoattendtheawardceremonyhostedbyhim.人们喜欢参加他主持的颁奖仪式。(2)ThegoldmedalwasawardedtoMi;Brownforhisexcellentperformance.布朗先生因其优界的表现而获得了金牌。\n【辨析】award/prize/reward（1）award意为“奖，奖品”，指对于优异成绩或卓越贡献经过评定后正式授予的奖励，可以是精神的,也可以是物质的，常用于奖项名称。（2）prize意为“奖赏，奖品”，多指确认某人在竞赛中获得的优界成绩并给予特殊的奖励。（3）reward意为“报答，酬劳”，并不指某种荣誉，而指应得的报酬;也可以做动词表示“给人以报酬、奖赏”。Hewasnominatedforthebestactoraward.他获得最佳男演员奖提名。Hewonfirst闭盗intheEnglishSpeechCompetition.他在英语演讲比赛中获一等奖。Hewasrewanledforfindingthelostdog.他因找到那只丢失的狗而获得报酬。Winningthematchwasjustrewardfortheefforttheteamhadmade.赢得比赛的胜利是全队付出努力的回报。5・Eachtime,heperformshisstand-uproutineinfrontofmillionsofpeoplewhentheshowisbroadcastliveonTV.每次，当节目在电视上现场直播时他都是在上百万人面前表演他的单口喜剧节目。Live现场直播的/地；有生命的、活的（1）Withallthenewsbroadcastlive,thepressureontheannouncersisbecomingheavier.随着新闻的直播，播音员的压力变得更大了。（2）Shewasfrightenedatthesightofalivesnake.看到一条活蛇她吓坏了。注意：live做“活着的”讲时，作定语要前置，一般不指人。【辨析】live/alive/living/lively（1）liveadj.“活着的”（与dead相对应），只能做定语（指动物），且定语前置，另外还有“现场直播的”意思（反义词recorded“录制的,转播的”）（2）aliveadj.“活着的，健在的”，做表语；作定语需后置（一般用于人，有时也用于动物）。（3）livingadj.“活着的；有生命的”。既可以作定语，也可以作表语。“生物”只能译作livingthingso（4）livelyadj.“生动的，活泼的”。Theyarecarryingoutanexperimentwithalivemonkey.他们正在用一只活的猴子做实验。Whoisthegreatestmanalive?谁是当今活着的最伟大的人？6、OnereasonCrystalhasbecomesofamousisthatheisveryquickthinking,andoftenisabletocomeudwithnewjokesaboutthepeopleandthingsaroundhim.克里斯托如此有名的一个原因是他思维敏捷，他经常能够想出关于周围的人或事的新笑话来。comeupwith想出；拿出（1）Shecameupwithanewideaforincreasingsales.她想出了增加销售的新主意。（2）Howsooncanyoucomeupwiththemoney?你什么吋候能拿11!这笔钱？【相关拓展】comeup发芽；（太阳）升起；被提及，被讨论comeout（太阳，星星或月亮）出现，露出；开花；出版，发行\ncometo合计，总计\ncomeacross（偶然）遇见，发现Thebillcameto$30.账单金额总计为30元。Shecameacrosssomeoldphotographsinadravve匚她在抽屉里偶然发现了一些旧照片。Whenishisnewnovelcomingout?他的新小说什么时候出版？Thesubjectcame叩inconversation.谈话中提到了这个话题。7.CrystaPspopularitywithallagegroupsandhisabilitytoamusepeopleallovertheworldprovethatstand-upcanbeenjoyedbyeveiyone.克里斯托在各个年龄段人群之间的受欢迎程度和他愉悦全世界人们的能力证明人人都可能喜欢单n喜剧。Amusevt.使愉快，使高兴例如：Hecameupwithagoodideatoamusethekids.他想出了一个好主意来逗孩子开心。【相关拓展】amusedamusingamusementtoone'samusement=totheamusementofsb（1）Weareamusedathisamusingstories.我们都被他有趣的故事逗乐了。（2）Tomyamusement,hecouldn'tgetthedooropen.使我感到好笑的是，他竟然打不开门。&Ithelpsthosewhocannotworkoutbecomefit.它能帮助那些不能运动的人变得健康。workout锻炼身体；成功地发展；计算出；制定（计划）；处理，解决（1）1workoutregularlytokeepfit.我定期锻炼以保持健康。（2）Itisnotsoeasytoworkouttheproblem.要解决那个问题不是那么容易的。（3）Myfirstjobdidn'tworkout.我的第一份工作干得不好。（4）Nowthatyouhaveworkedoutaplan,youhavetocarryitout.既然你制aeTII'划，你就得执行它。9.Thisisbecauselaughterstrengthenstheheartandthelungs.Strengthenvt.加强一反义词：weakenvt.减弱【注意】此类词由名词或形容词+后缀en构成，均为及物动词。如：frighten（使恐惧）；lengthen（加长）；widen（加宽）;sharpen（削尖，使锋利）等。此外，en也可以作为前缀,加在一些名词或形容词之前，同样也构成及物动词。如：Enrich（丰富）；enlarge（扩大）；encourage（鼓励）；ensure（确信）;endager（危及）等。（1）After-classactivitiesreallyenrichourschoollife.课外活动真的丰富了我们的学校生活。（2）TolearnEnglishwell,wehavetoenlargeourvocabulary.为了学好英语，我们必须扩大词汇量。（3）WhenIcameintotheroom,my5-year-olddaughterwasstrugglingwithaknifetosharpenherpencil.我进屋的时候，我5岁的女儿正费劲地用小刀削铅笔呢。复习前缀、后缀：10.Asyoulaugh,themusclesparticipatinginthelaughbecomeactive.你笑时，参与笑的肌肉会变得活跃。Participatevi.参加，参与participatein参力［1,参与二takepartin\n(1)Shedidn'tparticipateinthediscussion.她没有参加讨论。【相关拓展】participantn.参加的人，参与者participationn.参加，参与(2)Abackinjurypreventedactiveparticipationinanysportsforawhile.腰伤曾一度妨碍积极参加任何体育运动。9.Inaninterview,hetoldusthatheisalwayshappytotakeonnewforeignstudents.在一次采访中，他告诉我们说他随时都乐于接收外国学生。takeon①接收，接受②雇佣③呈现④承担，决定做(1)Ican'ttakeonanyextrawork.我不能承担任何额外的工作。(2)Aftersomanyyears,myhometownhastakenonanewlook.这么多年后，我的家乡呈现出一派新气彖。(3)Hewastakenonasatrainee.他受聘当实习生。【相关拓展】take的其他短语takedown拆除；记下takein吸收，接纳；理解，领会；欺骗takeoff脱下；起飞；成功takeover接管，接任takeup占据(吋间、空间)；开始处理，从事；学着做，开始做；接着讲(4)Workmenarrivedtotakedowntheoldhouses.工人前来拆除旧房子。(5)Don'tbetakenintheadvertisement.Itdoesn'ttellthetruth.不要被这个广告骗了。这个广告不真实。(6)HersingingcareertookoffafterherTVappearance.她在电视上亮相之后演唱事业迅速腾飞了。(7)Hissontookoverthefamilybusinessafterhisdeath.他死后他的儿子接管了他的家族企业。(8)Hetakesuphisdutiesnextweek.他下周就要开始履行职责了。(9)Shetook叩thestorywhereTimhadleftoff.她继续讲蒂姆未讲完的故爭。10.Ofcourse.(movesoverasiftomakeroom)当然。(挪过去，好像是要腾出空间)as(f=asthough引导方式状语从句或表语从句(1)Wehavemissedthebus;itlooksasif/asthoughwe'llhavetowalk.我们错过了公共汽车，看来我们得步行了。(2)Heglancedaboutasifhewasinsearchofsomething.他环顾四周就好像在寻找东西。【相关拓展】如果asif/asthough表示当前不太真实、不大可能或有疑问的事情时，所引导的从句中应使用虚拟语气。谓语动词的形式要遵循以下原则：(1)从句动作在时I、可上与主句动作同时进行，从句谓语动词用did/were(2)从句动作在时I、可上比主句动作早，从句谓语动词用haddone(3)从句动作在吋I、可上比主句动作晚，从句谓语动词用would/could/mightdoHedidn'tattendthemeeting,buthetalkedasifhekneweverything.他没出席会议，但他的说话的神情好像什么\n都知道一样。(实际上不知道)\nTheymeteachotherforthefirsttimeattheparty,buttheytalkedas讦theyhadbeenoldfriends.他们在晚会上刚认识，但他们交谈着好像已经是多年的朋友。9.No,youfool!(tearsthepaperintwo)不,你这个傻瓜!(报报纸撕成两半)Tearvt.&w：(tore,tom)撕扯；撕下n.眼泪；泪珠(常用复数tears)【相关词组】(1)tear...down撕掉；拆毁(2)tear...intopieces把撕成碎片(3)tear...intwo=tear...intohalves把撕成两半(4)tearoneself/sb.fromsth./sb.挣开；拽开；揪走(5)intears哭Shewasintearsoverthedeathofherpetdog.她因小狗的死去而哭泣。HejustcouldiVttearhimselffromthebeautifulpainting.他被这幅漂亮的油画深深地吸引了。(他无法把自己从这幅画前拽走)Aheateddiscussioniscarriedoutinthecitywhethertheoldcitywallshouldbetorndown.关于是否要拆毁古城墙的问题，市里展开了热烈的讨论。10.Servantburstin,nexttoQueen...仆人冲进来,在皇后旁边burstin是不及物动词词组，其后不能带宾语，意为“突然闯入”。另外，burstin还有“突然插嘴，插话”的意思。同意词组：breakin；Tfuburstinto是及物动词词组，后加宾语。同意词组：breakintOo(1)Thepoliceburstinandarrestedthethief.警察突然闯入，逮捕了那个小偷。(2)Tomburstintotheroomandmadeusshocked.汤姆突然闯入房间，我们都很吃惊。(3)Helongedtobreakinontheirconversationbutdidn'twanttoappearrude.他很想打断他们的谈话,但又不想显得很粗鲁。【相关拓展】burstoutcrying/laughing/singing=burstintotears/laughter/songs突然大哭/大笑/唱起来(4)Sheburstoutcryingforawhile,andburstintolaughterforanotherwhile,whichmadeusataloss.她一会儿突然哭起来，一会儿又突然笑起来，这使得我们一头雾水。(5)Theaudienceburstintowildapplause.观众中突然响起了雷鸣般的常声。11.HeglaredatQueen.他瞪着王后。glareat(生气、愤怒地)瞪着Hedidn'tshout.Hejustglaredatmesilently.他没冲我吼，只是默默地怒视着我。【辨析】stareat/glareat/gazeat(1)stareat目不转睛的注视，盯着看；(2)glareat怒目而视；(3)gazeat由于好奇、惊讶、\n喜悦或感兴趣而盯着看She父a刁edathiminamusement.她惊异地注视着他。Theydidn'tfight,butstoodthereglaringatoneanother.他们没有打起来，只是站在那里互相怒视着。\nIstaredblanklyatthepaperinfrontofme.我茫然地看着面前的这张纸。9.YourHighness?(holdsoutarolloftoiletpaper)殿下？(拿出一卷手纸)holdout拿出，伸出；坚持，维持(1)HeheldoutthekeysandItookthem.他伸手把钥匙递过来，我接了。(1)Wecanstayhereforaslongasoursuppliesholdout.我们可以在这里一直坚持到我们的储备用完。(2)Howlongcanweholdoutagainsttheseattacks?我们对这些攻击能抵抗多久?【相关拓展】与hold相关的短语：holdback阻拦；隐瞒；抑制holdon(在困境或危险中)坚持住，挺住；别挂断，等一下holdonto抓紧，不放开；保留不卖或不送hold叩举起，支撑；延迟，阻塞(3)Shejustmanagedtoholdbackheranger.她勉强压住了自己的怒火°(4)Ithinkheheldbacksomeveryimportantinformation.我认为他隐瞒了某些非常重要的信息。(5)Theymanagedtoholdonuntilhelparrived.他们勉强坚持到救援到来。(6)Youshouldholdontoyouroldhouse,whichwillgetmorevaluableinthenearfuture.不要把你的老房子卖了。很快它还会升值的。(7)Anaccidentisholdinguptraffic.—场事故造成了交通阻塞。【相关练习】一、单词拼写。1.Therearetwentyteamspinthegames.2.Whethertheactionwillsorweakentherelationshipdependsonhowtheywilldealwiththisproblem.3.Thekidswereabymyfunnydrawingsandbegantolaugh.4.Maryisn'therdaughter.Maryisherhusband^daughterfromapmarriage.5.Shepanimportantroleinourorganizationatthattime.6.Everyonewasabytheheavytrafficinthecity.Theroadswerealwayscrowded.7.Shettheletterintopiecesandwalkedoutquickly.8.Asansgoes,"Itisnevertoooldtoleam.^,9.Weofferfree(技术)supportforthosebuyingoursoftware.10.Weweresurprisedtofindthatthemostnaughtyboyinourclass(表现)himselfonthespecialoccasion.11.Basichumanrights,includingfreedomofspeech,arenow(保证).12.1usedtoget(取笑)aboutmyname.二、选合适词填空。\nmakefunofhaveaffectionfortakeonteardownglareatholdoutmakesensebesupposedtomakeroomfordashoutlookuploseweight\nhaveeffectsonfollowinthefootstepsof1•Hewasoftenatschool,whichdeeplyhurthim.1.Accordingtothestagedirections,youtostandhere,notthere.2.Youdon'thavetoeverywordyoudorftknow.Justlookatthewordsaroundittoseeifthesentence.3.Heotherfamousscientistsandtriedtomakecontributionstotheimportantresearch・4.Heremovedthepileofnewspapertobookshejustbought.6-Theyeachotheranditseemedthatafightwouldsoonhappen.7.Laughterpositivepeople'shealth.8.Hehishandtostopataxi.9-Thebuildingistoooldtobesafe,soithastobe・10.Theinsectcanthecolorsofthebackgroundtoprotectitself.三、单项选择。1.Whilethechildrenwerelisteningtotheirteacher'sjoke,theywereshouting.A.inlaughterB.withlaughterC.intearsD・withlaughters2.1wasreallyangryabouthisbehavior.Heactedasifnothing.A.hashappenedB・hadhappenedC・happenedD.wouldhappen3-Thepoliceareofferingabigfortheinformationaboutthattrafficaccident.ApriceB.prizeC.rewardDaward4.itistorideonaone-horseopensleighonsuchabeautifulday!A.WhatafunB.WhatfunC.HowafunD.Howfun5.Theaudiencewerebyhisperformanceonthestage.A.amused;amusedB.amusing;amusingC.amusing;amusedD.amused;amusing6.Mr.ZhangwillbetheofficewhileIamaway.A.takechargeofB.inchargeofC.inthechargeofD.underthechargeof7.Afteralongdiscussionabouttheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoftheplan,theyfinallyaconclusionitispractical・A.cameup;thatB.cameinto;/C・cameover;/D.cameto;that8・Becauseofatbythestrangers,sheloweredherheadshyly.A.staringB・beingstaredC・glaringD・beingglanced9.Hewastootiredandherefusedtoanyextrawork.A.takeoffB.takeinC.takeupD.takeon10.Whatapity!Imissedmeetingmvbossattheairportbecausemycarwasinthetrafficjam.A.heldoutB.keptbackC.heldupD・keptupIWordspelling1、Participating2、Strengthen3、Amused4>Previous5^Performed6^annoyed7^Tore8、Saying9^Technical10、Behaved11>Guaranteed12>Teased\nIPhrases1、madefunof2^aresupposedto3、lookup;makessense4>followedinthefootstepsof5・makeroomfor6、glaredat7>has...effectson8^heldout9、tomdown10>takeonIIMultiplechoice1-5BBCBD6-10BDBDC