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英文写作“四步走”由于时间限制,高考时一般在15分钟左右必须完成英语作文。高考的英语作文步骤如下: 1)作文动笔之前一般都要先打腹稿。在确立中心上,运用材料上,篇章结构上,充分酝酿。 2)考虑好想写多少句子,该用哪些动词和词组等。 3)边写边思考内容的连贯性,语言和句子的准确性。 4)写完后一定要再细看一遍。作文句式的多变性——恰当使用复杂句型(一)改变时态例:Thebellisringingnow.(一般)Theregoesthebell!(高级)(二)改变语态例:Peoplesuggestthattheconferencebeputoff.(一般)Itissuggestedthattheconferencebeputoff.(高级)(三)使用不定式例:Heissokindthathecanhelpme.(一般)Heissokindastohelpme.(高级)(四)使用过去分词例:①Shewalkedoutofthelabandmanystudentsfollowedher.(一般)Followedbymanystudents,shewalkedoutofthelab.(高级)②Onceitisseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.(一般)Onceseen,itcanneverbeforgotten.(高级)(五)使用V-ing形式例:①Whenhearrives,pleasegivemeane-mail.(一般)Onarriving/hisarrival,pleasegivemeane-mail.(高级)②Iftheweatherpermits,I’llcometomorrow.(一般)I’llcometomorrow,weatherpermitting.(高级)③Youworkhard.Youwillsucceed.(一般)Workinghard,youwillsucceed.(高级)(六)使用名词性从句例:①Itdisappointedeverybodythathedidn’tturnup.(一般)Thefactthathedidn’tturnupdisappointedeverybody.(高级)②Ihappenedtohavemethim.(一般)IthappenedthatIhadmethim.(高级)③Tohissurprise,thelittlegirlknowssomanythings.(一般)Whatsurpriseshimisthatthelittlegirlknowssomanythings.(高级)(七)使用定语从句例:Thegirlisspokenhighlyof.Hercompositionwaswellwritten.(一般)Thegirlwhosecompositionwaswellwrittenisspokenhighlyof.(高级)(八)使用状语从句例:①Iwon’tbelievewhathesays.(一般)Nomatterwhathesays,Iwon’tbelieve.(高级)②Ifyoucomebackbeforesixo’clock,youcangoout.(一般)Youcangooutonconditionthat(providedthat)youcomebackbeforeSixo’clock.(高级)③Ifshedoesn’tagree,what\nshallwedo?(一般)Supposingthatshedoesn’tagree,whatshallwedo?(高级)(九)使用虚拟语气 (十)倒装句(1)虚拟语气中if省略(2)only+状语置于句首(3)否定词置于句首(4)地点副词置于句首(十一)强调句型Itis……that(who)…(十二)固定句型结构要使用高等级词汇及短语(一)使用高等级词汇(二)使用短语(三)使用谚语(四)使用表强调的词,如alone,just,single,only,not…atall,ontheearth,thevery,onearth等(五)使用修辞手法:明喻,暗喻,夸张,头韵,拟人等asbusyasabee,asproudasapeacock,asblindasabat1.Themancan'tbetrusted.Heisasslipperyasaneel.那个人不可信赖。他像鳗鱼一样狡猾。2.Hejumpedasifhehadbeenstung.他像被蜇了似的跳了起来。3.Childhoodislikeaswiftlypassingdream.童年就像一场疾逝的梦。4.Readingmakesafullman;conferenceareadyman;andwritinganexactman.读书使人充实;交谈使人机智;写作使人精确。(六)使用连接词,过渡自然,连贯通顺,一气呵成,巧用连接词,过渡词:(1)表并列关系(2)表递进关系(3)表转折对比(4)表原因(5)表结果(6)表条件(7)表时间(8)表特定的顺序关系 (9)表换一种方式表达(10)表进行举例说明(11)表陈述事实(12)表强调的过渡词(13)表比较(14)表目的(15)表总结的过渡词(七)“特殊”的英语连词由动词转化成的连词1.suppose(如果,假使)引导条件状语从句。例如:Supposeitrains,whatshallwedo?如果天下雨,我们该怎么办?2.save(除了,只是)引导状语从句,表示伴随状况。例如:Asimilartimetablehasbeenused,savethatthemorningbreakisshorter.已经采用了差不多相同的时间表,只是早上的休息时间缩短了。由分词转化成的连词:这类连词有两种:一种是由现在分词转化成的连词,另一种是由过去分词转化成的连词。1.现在分词由现在分词转化成的连词有:seeing(考虑到)supposing(即使,如果)providing(如果)granting(即使)saving(除了,除非)assuming(假使)admitting(虽说,即使)presuming(假定,假使)considering(考虑到)(1)Hecanstayhereprovidingheworks.如果他工作的话,他可以留在这儿。(2)Supposingthatyou'vemadesomeprogress,youshouldnotbeproud.假定你有了一些进步,你也不应该骄傲自大。(3)Consideringtheyarenewcomers,they'vedoneverywell.考虑到他们是新来的,他们已经做得很好了。2.过去分词由过去分词转化成的连词有:provided(如果……的话;以……为条件),granted(假定;即使)given(就……而言)(1)Youmaygo,providedyourworkisdone.\n如果你的工作做完了,你就可以走了。(2)Grantedthathehasenoughmoneytobuythehouse,itdoesn'tmeanhe'sgoingtodoso.即使他有足够的钱来买这栋房子,他也不一定会这么做。由副词转化成的连词directly,instantly,immediately,constantly均表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:(1)DirectlyIhaddoneit,IknewIhadmadeamistake.我刚做完这件事,就知道出错了。(2)IcameimmediatelyI'deaten.我一吃完就来了。(3)ItelegraphedinstantlyIarrivedthere.我一到了那里就打电报。由名词转化成的连词由名词转化过来的连词,前面一般都有定冠词。1.themoment,theinstant,theminute这几个词组都表示“一……就,马上,立刻”的意思,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:(1)Iwillmeetyoutheinstantyouarrive.你一到我就去见你。(2)Themomentyouleave,pleasetellme.你一动身就请告诉我。2.thefirst(或second,next,last)time(或moment)表示“在某一次……的时候”,可用来引导时间状语从句。例如:IlikedherthefirsttimeImether.第一次见到她时我就喜欢上了她。由介词短语转化成的关联连词由介词短语转化成的关联连词很多,而且还在不断增加。常见的有forfearthat(唯恐),incasethat(假使),inorderthat(为了),onconditionthat(如果),withtheresultthat(结果)等,可用来引导条件、目的或结果状语从句。例如:(1)Hehurriedhomeforfearthathemightmisshisguests.他急忙赶回家,唯恐见不到他的客人。(2)IncaseI'mlate,startwithoutme.如果我来晚了,你们不必等我。(3)IwasinthebathwiththeresultthatIdidn'thearthetelephone.我正在浴室里洗澡,结果没有听见电话铃响。(4)Theyflewthereinorderthattheymightbeintimetoattendtheopeningceremony.为了能及时参加开幕典礼,他们乘飞机到了那里。 文章段落之间的逻辑关系主要由过渡词来完成,在修辞中称为启、承、转、合。“启”就是开头, “承”是承接,“转”是转折,“合”是综合或总结。(1)用于“启”的过渡词语 用于表示“启”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落或文章的开头:first, first of all, at first, in the first place, firstly, to being with, to start with, recently, now, at present, in recent years, in general, generally speaking, at present, lately, currently,It is often said that…,As the proverb says…,It goes without saying that…,It is clear/obvious that…,Many people often ask …(2)用于“承”的过渡词语 表示“承”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第一个扩展句中:second, similarly, in addition, besides, then, furthermore, moreover, what is more, what is worse, for example, for instance, certainly, surely, obviously, in other words, especially, particularly, in particular, indeed, still, third, truly, in fact, at the same time, no doubt,\nIt is true that…,Everybody knows that…,It can be easily proved that…,No one can deny that…The reason why …is that …,There is no doubt that…,To take…for an example (instance) …,We know that…,What is more serious is that…(3)用于“转”的过渡词语 用于“转”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落中的第二个扩展句中:but, however, on the other hand, on the contrary, in contrast, in any case, at any rate(无论如何), otherwise, or, or else, while, whereas, but, despite, in spite of ..., yet, instead,nevertheless(虽然如此)I do not believe that…,Perhaps you’ll ask why…This may be true, but we still have a problem with regard to…,Though we are in basic agreement with …, yet differences will be found,That’s why I feel that…(4)用于“合”的过渡词语 用于“合”的过渡词或过渡性的语句通常用在段落的结论句或文章的结论段中:in a word, in general, in short, above all, after all, generally speaking,to sum up, finally, in conclusion, at last, in summary, therefore, as a result, above all, thus,after all(毕竟), eventually, hence, in short, in conclusion, in a word, in sum(总之), on the whole(就整体而言), to sum upFrom this point of view …On account of this we can find that …The result is dependent on …Thus, this is the reason why we must…英语作文常用句型:段首句和中间段落句适用(一)段首句1.关于……人们有不同的观点。一些人认为……Therearedifferentopinionsamongpeopleasto____.Somepeoplesuggestthat____.2.俗话说(常言道)……,它是我们前辈的经历,但是,即使在今天,它在许多场合仍然适用。Thereisanoldsaying______.Itstheexperienceofourforefathers,however,itiscorrectinmanycaseseventoday.3.现在,……,它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先,……;其次,……。更为糟糕的是……。Today,____,whichhavebroughtalotofharmsinourdailylife.First,____Second,____.Whatmakesthingsworseisthat______.4.现在,……很普遍,许多人喜欢……,因为……,另外(而且)……。Nowadays,itiscommonto______.Manypeoplelike______because______.Besides,______.5.任何事物都是有两面性,……也不例外。它既有有利的一面,也有不利的一面。Everythinghastwosidesand______isnotanexception,ithasbothadvantagesanddisadvantages.6.关于……人们的观点各不相同,一些人认为(说)……,在他们看来,……People’sopinionsabout______varyfrompersontoperson.Somepeoplesaythat______.Tothem,_____.7.人类正面临着一个严重的问题……,这个问题变得越来越严重。Manisnowfacingabigproblem______whichisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.8.……\n已成为人们的关注的热门话题,特别是在年青人当中,将引发激烈的辩论。______hasbecomeahottopicamongpeople,especiallyamongtheyoungandheateddebatesarerightontheirway.9.……在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用,它给我们带来了许多好处,但同时也引发一些严重的问题。______hasbeenplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourday-to-daylife.Ithasbroughtusalotofbenefitsbuthascreatedsomeseriousproblemsaswell.10.根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/图表/条形图/成形图可以看出……。很显然……,但是为什么呢?Accordingtothefigure/number/statistics/percentagesinthe/chart/bargraph/line/graph,itcanbeseenthat______while.Obviously,______,butwhy?(二)中间段落句1.相反,有一些人赞成……,他们相信……,而且,他们认为……。Onthecontrary,therearesomepeopleinfavorof___.Atthesametime,theysay____.2.但是,我认为这不是解决……的好方法,比如……。最糟糕的是……。ButIdon’tthinkitisaverygoodwaytosolve____.Forexample,____.Worstofall,___.3.……对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的,(也是)非常重要的。首先,……。而且……,最重要的是……______isnecessaryandimportanttoourcountry’sdevelopmentandconstruction.First,______.What’smore,_____.Mostimportantofall,______.4.有几个可供我们采纳的方法。首先,我们可以……。Thereareseveralmeasuresforustoadopt.First,wecan______5.面临……,我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来……。一方面……,另一方面,Confrontedwith______,weshouldtakeaseriesofeffectivemeasuresto______.Foronething,______Foranother,______6.早就应该拿出行动了。比如说……,另外……。所有这些方法肯定会……。Itishightimethatsomethingwasdoneaboutit.Forexample,_____.Inaddition,_____.Allthesemeasureswillcertainly______.7.为什么……?第一个原因是……;第二个原因是……;第三个原因是……。总的来说,……的主要原因是由于……Why______?Thefirstreasonisthat______.Thesecondreasonis______.Thethirdis______.Forallthis,themaincauseof______dueto______.8.然而,正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样,……也有它的不利的一面,象……。However,justlikeeverythinghasbothitsgoodandbadsides,______alsohasitsowndisadvantages,suchas______.9.尽管如此,我相信……更有利。Nonetheless,Ibelievethat______ismoreadvantageous.10.完全同意……这种观点(陈述),主要理由如下:Ifullyagreewiththestatementthat______because______.1.Formypart,Iagreewiththelatteropinionforthefollowingreasons: 我同意后者,有如下理由:2.Beforegivingmyopinion,Ithinkitisimportanttolookattheargumentsonbothsides. 在给出我的观点之前,我想看看双方的观点是重要的。\n1.Thisviewisnowbeingquestionedbymoreandmorepeople. 这一观点正受到越来越多人的质疑。2.Fromwhathasbeendiscussedabove,wemaysafelydrawtheconclusionthatadvantagesofbicyclefaroutweighitsdisadvantagesanditwillstillplayessentialrolesinmodernsociety. 通过以上讨论,我们可以得出结论:自行车的优点远大于缺点,并且在现代社会它仍将发挥重要作用。3.Thisissuehascausedwidepublicconcern. 这个问题已经引起了广泛关注。4.Itmustbenotedthatlearningmustbedonebyapersonhimself. 必须指出的是学习只能靠你自己。5.Asforme,I'minfavoroftheopinionthateducationisnotcompletewithgraduation,forthefollowingreasons: 就我而言,我同意教育不应该随着毕业而结束的观点,有以下原因:6.Eventhebestpossiblegraduateneedstocontinuelearningbeforesheorhebecomesaneducatedperson. 即使最优秀的毕业生,要想成为一个博学的人也要不断地学习。7.Forpeoplewhowanttoadoptahealthyandmeaningfullifestyle,itisimportanttofindtimetolearncertainnewknowledge.Justasanoldsayinggoes:itisnevertoolatetolearn.对于那些想过上健康而有意义的生活的人们来说,找时间学习一些新知识是很重要的,正如那句老话:活到老,学到老.8.Somepeoplepretendtodespisethethingstheycannothave.吃不到葡萄的人说葡萄酸。9.Speechisamirrorofthesoul;asamanspeaks,soishe.语言是心灵的镜子;一个人只要说话,他说的话就是他的心灵的镜子。10.Idealisthebeacon.Withoutideal,thereisnosecuredirection;withoutdirection,thereisnolife.理想是指路明灯。没有理想,就没有坚定的方向;没有方向,就没有生活。11.Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.生活没有目标就像航海没有指南针。12.Theimportantthinginlifeistohaveagreataim,andthedeterminationtoattainit.人生重要的事情就是确定一个伟大的目标,并决心实现它。13.Noonecandegradeusexceptourselves;thatifweareworthy,noinfluencecandefeatus.除了我们自己以外,没有人能贬低我们。如果我们坚强,就没有什么不良影响能够打败我们。14.Nopain,nopalm;nothorns,nothrone;nogall,noglory;nocross,nocrown.没有播种,何来收获;没有辛劳,何来成功;没有磨难,何来荣耀;没有挫折,何来辉煌。15.Activityistheonlyroadtoknowledge.行动是通往知识的唯一道路。高中英语作文句型一、~~~the+~est+名词+(that)+主词+haveever+seen\n(known/heard/had/read,etc)~~~themost+形容词+名词+(that)+主词+haveever+seen(known/heard/had/read,etc)例句:HelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。Mr.ChangisthekindestteacherthatIhaveeverhad.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。二、Nothingis+~~~erthanto+VNothingis+more+形容词+thanto+V例句:Nothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.没有比接受教育更重要的事。三、~~~cannotemphasizetheimportanceof~~~toomuch.(再怎么强调...的重要性也不为过。)例句:Wecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。四、Thereisnodenyingthat+S+V...(不可否认的...)例句:Thereisnodenyingthatthequalitiesofourlivinghavegonefrombadtoworse.不可否认的,我们的生活品质已经每况愈下。五、Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat+句子~~(全世界都知道...)例句:Itisuniversallyacknowledgedthattreesareindispensabletous.全世界都知道树木对我们是不可或缺的。六、Thereisnodoubtthat+句子~~(毫无疑问的...)例句:Thereisnodoubtthatoureducationalsystemleavessomethingtobedesired.毫无疑问的我们的教育制度令人不满意。七、Anadvantageof~~~isthat+句子(...的优点是...)例句:Anadvantageofusingthesolarenergyisthatitwon'tcreate(produce)anypollution.使用太阳能的优点是它不会制造任何污染。八、Thereasonwhy+句子~~~isthat+句子(...的原因是...)例句:Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycanprovideuswithfreshair.Thereasonwhywehavetogrowtreesisthattheycansupplyfreshairforus.我们必须种树的原因是它们能供应我们新鲜的空气。 九、So+形容词+be+主词+that+句子(如此...以致于...)例句:Sopreciousistimethatwecan'taffordtowasteit.时间是如此珍贵,我们经不起浪费它。十、Adj+as+Subject(主词)+be,S+V~~~(虽然...)例句:Richasourcountryis,thequalitiesofourlivingarebynomeanssatisfactory.{bynomeans=innoway=onnoaccount一点也不}虽然我们的国家富有,我们的生活品质绝对令人不满意。十一、The+~er+S+V,~~~the+~er+S+V~~~The+more+Adj+S+V,~~~the+more+Adj+S+V~~~(愈...愈...)例句:Theharderyouwork,themore\nprogressyoumake.你愈努力,你愈进步。Themorebooksweread,themorelearnedwebecome.我们书读愈多,我们愈有学问。十二、By+V-ing,~~can~~(借着...,..能够..)例句:Bytakingexercise,wecanalwaysstayhealthy.借着做运动,我们能够始终保持健康。十三、~~~enable+Object(受词)+to+V(..使..能够..)例句:Listeningtomusicenableustofeelrelaxed.听音乐使我们能够感觉轻松。十四、Onnoaccountcanwe+V~~~(我们绝对不能...)例句:Onnoaccountcanweignorethevalueofknowledge.我们绝对不能忽略知识的价值。十五、Itistime+S+过去式(该是...的时候了)例句:Itistimetheauthoritiesconcernedtookproperstepstosolvethetrafficproblems.该是有关当局采取适当的措施来解决交通问题的时候了。十六、Thosewho~~~(...的人...)例句:Thosewhoviolatetrafficregulationsshouldbepunished.违反交通规定的人应该受处罚。十七、Thereisnoonebut~~~(没有人不...)例句:Thereisnoonebutlongstogotocollege.没有人不渴望上大学。十八、be+forced/compelled/obliged+to+V(不得不...)例句:Sincetheexaminationisaroundthecorner,Iamcompelledtogiveupdoingsports. 既然考试迫在眉睫,我不得不放弃做运动。十九、Itisconceivablethat+句子(可想而知的)Itisobviousthat+句子(明显的)Itisapparentthat+句子(显然的)例句:Itisconceivablethatknowledgeplaysanimportantroleinourlife.可想而知,知识在我们的一生中扮演一个重要的角色。二十、Thatisthereasonwhy~~~(那就是...的原因)例句:Summerissultry.ThatisthereasonwhyIdon'tlikeit.夏天很燠热。那就是我不喜欢它的原因。二十一、Forthepast+时间,S+现在完成式...(过去...年来,...一直...)例句:Forthepasttwoyears,Ihavebeenbusypreparingfortheexamination.过去两年来,我一直忙着准备考试。二十二、Since+S+过去式,S+现在完成式。例句:Sincehewenttoseniorhighschool,hehasworkedveryhard.自从他上高中,他一直很用功。二十三、Itpaysto+V~~~(...是值得的。)例句:Itpaystohelpothers.帮助别人是值得的。二十四、bebasedon(以...为基础)例句:Theprogressoftheesocietyisbasedonharmony.社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。\n二十五、Sparenoeffortto+V(不遗余力的)Weshouldsparenoefforttobeautifyourenvironment.我们应该不遗余力的美化我们的环境。二十六、bringhometo+人+事(让...明白...事)例句:Weshouldbringhometopeoplethevalueofworkinghard.我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。二十七、becloselyrelatedto~~(与...息息相关)例句:Takingexerciseiscloselyrelatedtohealth.做运动与健康息息相关。二十八、Getintothehabitof+V-ing=makeitaruleto+V(养成...的习惯)Weshouldgetintothehabitofkeepinggoodhours.我们应该养成早睡早起的习惯。二十九、Dueto/Owingto/Thanksto+N/-Ving,~~~(因为...)例句:Thankstohisencouragement,Ifinallyrealizedmydream.因为他的鼓励,我终于实现我的梦想。三十、Whata+Adj+N+S+V!=How+Adj+a+N+V!(多么...!)例句:Whatanimportantthingitistokeepourpromise!Howimportantathingitistokeepourpromise!遵守诺言是多么重要的事!三十一、Leavemuchtobedesired(令人不满意)例句:Theconditionofourtrafficleavesmuchtobedesired.我们的交通状况令人不满意。三十二、Haveagreatinfluenceon~~~(对...有很大的影响)例句:Smokinghasagreatinfluenceonourhealth.抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。三十三、dogoodto(对...有益),doharmto(对...有害)例句:Readingdoesgoodtoourmind.读书对心灵有益。Overworkdoesharmtohealth.工作过度对健康有害。三十四、Poseagreatthreatto~~(对...造成一大威胁)例句:Pollutionposesagreatthreattoourexistence.污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。三十五、doone'sutmostto+V=doone'sbest(尽全力去...)例句:Weshoulddoourutmosttoachieveourgoalinlife.我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。