初中宾语从句讲解及专项练习 5页

初中英语宾语从句讲解一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMr.GreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态三、重难点掌握（一）引导词1．由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear(that)youpassedtheexam.2.Hesaid(that)hisfatherwasasinger.3.Theteachertoldus(that)thesunrisesintheeast.2．由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句（重点掌握）由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。1.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifheisright.2.IAskhimwhether/ifhelikesme_.3.Iwonder_whether/ifwecangetthere.4.Couldyoutellmewhether/ifthatfilmisinteresting?◆只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.\n3．由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。1.Heaskedwhothemanis.2.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?3.Heaskedwhathecoulddoforthat.4.Doyouknowwhichansweristhebest?5.Pleasetellmewheretherightwayis.6.Canyoutellmehowwecangetthere?7.Couldyoutellmewhenweshouldmeet?（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）Doyouremember(他多大岁数)?当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?（三）时态：1、主句用一般现在时，现在进行时或一般将来时等“现在”范畴的时态时，从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响。Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.Hewilltellusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.Theyaresayingthattheyreallylikethiscity.2、主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。Katesaidtherewasaboxunderthedesk.Theyaskedwhathewasdoingthen.SheaskedwhetherIhadseenherbefore.3、从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4、从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.\nStep4初中英语宾语从句专项练习一、将下面的句子连接成为含有宾语从句的复合句。1．TheseflowersarefromGuangdong.Hesaid.Hesaid_______theseflowers_______fromGuangdong.2.Lighttravelsfasterthansound.Myteachertoldme.Myteachertoldme_____light_______fasterthansound.3．Therewillbeameetinginfivedays.Jackdidn’tknow.Jackdidn’tknow_____there_________ameetinginfivedays.4．CantheyspeakFrench?Iwanttoknow.Iwanttoknow___________________________French.5．Arethechildrenplayinggames?Tellme.Tellme______thechildren____________games.6．Haveyoufinishedyourhomeworkyet?Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang.Mr.ZhaoaskedMaGang____________________homeworkyet.7．Howmanypeoplecanyouseeinthepicture?Whoknows?Whoknows_______________________________inthepicture?8．Wheredidsheparkhercar?Doyouknow?Doyouknow______________hercar?二、选择填空。()1.WhatdidMikesay?Hesaid____________________.A.ifyouarefreethenextweekB.whatcolourwasitC.theweatherisfineD.summercomesafterspring()2.Tomaskedmyfriend________________.A.wherewashefromB.thattheearthisbiggerthanthemoonC.whendidhecomebackD.nottobesoangry()3.Letmetellyou__________________.A.howmuchisthecarB.howmuchdoesthecarcostC.howmuchdidIpayforthecarD.howmuchIspentonthecar()4.Peterknew_______________.A.whetherhehasfinishedreadingthebookB.whytheboyhadsomanyquestionsC.therewere12monthsinayearD.whentheywillleaveforParis()5.Couldyoutellme___________?　A.wheredoyoulive　B.whoyouarewaitingfor　C.whowereyouwaitingforD.whereyoulivein()6.Ican'tunderstand______theboyalone.　A.whysheleft　B.whydidsheleave　C.whyshehadleft　D.whyhadsheleft()7.Shetoldmethesun______intheeast.　A.rise　B.rose　C.rises　D.hadrisen()8.Idon'tknow________upsoearlylastSunday.A.whydidhegetB.whyhegetsC.whydoeshegetD.whyhegot\n()9.Themanagercameuptosee__________.　A.whatwasthematter　B.whatthematterwasC.whatthematterisD.what'sthematter()10.Heaskedhisfather_______.　A.whereithappensB.wheredidithappen　C.howithappenedD.howdidithappen三、用合适的连接词填空。1.Jimtoldme____hedidn'tgofishingyesterdayafternoon.（how,why）2.Doyouknow______elseisgoingtobeondutytoday？（who,whom）3.Shesaid_____itwouldn'tmattermuch.（that,if）4.Healwaysthinks______hecandobetter.（how,who）5.Ireallydon'tknow________thebridgewillbefinished.（howlong,howsoon）6.Theydon'tknow_______togoorwait.(if,whether)7.Wearetalkingabout______we’llgobacktomorrow.(whether,if)8.Iwasreallysurprisedat______Isaw.(where,what)9.Idon'tknow____somanypeoplearelookingathim.(how,why)10.Doyouknow______youarestudyingfor?(why,what)四、句型转换。1.“Doyouwanttotryit?”Tom'smotheraskedhim.(同义句)→Tom'smotheraskedhim____________________totryit.2.Ithinkthisisagoodidea.（改为否定句）→I_______________this________agoodidea.3.Lucyhasn'tdecidedwhichtrouserstobuy.（改为复合句）→　Lucyhasn'tdecided________________________________buy.4.Idon'tknowhowIcangettothehospital.（改为简单句）→　Idon'tknow________________________tothehospital.5.Idon’tsupposetheywillcome,_____________?(改为反意疑问句)五、用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Wearesurethathe________(go)toschooltomorrow.2.Doyouknowwho______(be)thefirstmantowalkonthemoon?3.Couldyoutellmewherethepostoffice______(is)?4.Ourfathersaidthathe_______(will)buyanewcomputer.5.Ihearthathe_______(swim)intheseayesterday.\n参考答案：一、1.that,were2.that,travels3.that,wouldbe4.if/whethertheycanspeak5.if/whether,areplaying6.if/whetherhehadfinishedhis7.howmanypeopleyoucansee8.wheresheparked二、1—5:DDDBB6—10:ACDBC三、1.why2.who3.that4.how5.howsoon6.whether7.whether8.what9.why10.what四、1.if/whetherhewanted2.don’tthink,is3.whichtrousersshecan4.howtoget5.willthey五、1.willgo2.was3.is4.would5.swam