初中英语数词专题练习 4页

英语数词表示数目或者顺序,可分为基数词和序数词。基数词表示数量,序数词表示顺序。知识梳理:提纲挈领,抓住重点、和难点、!一、基数词的构成one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,1.1—12的基数词是独立的单词，即:nine,ten,eleven,twelve02.13一19的基数词以・teen结尾。如：fourteen,seventeen等，但13,15,18较特殊,13—thirteen15—fifteen18—ighteeno3.20—90的整十位均以・ty结尾。如：sixty,ninety,但20,30,40,50,80较特殊,20一twenty30一thirty40—forty50一fifty80—ighty。4.十位数与个位数之间要加连字符号"』，如：28一twenty-eight,96一ninety-sixo5.百位和十位（若无十位则和个位）之间加and,如：148—onehundredandforty-eight406—fourhundredandsix。6.hundred（百），thousand（千），million（百万），billion（十亿）等前面即使有具体的数词，也不能在它们的后面加s。如I：600一sixhundred,8百万一eightmilliono7.1000以上的数字，从后往前数每三位加一个逗号“，‘‘第一个逗号前为千（thousand）,第二个逗号前为百万（million）,第三个逗号前为billion（十亿）。英语中无“万”这个词，我们可以用“几十个千（thousand）"表示几万，"几百个千（thousand）"表示“几十万如：2,510=twothousandfivehundredandten；84,296=eight-fourthousandtwohundredandninety-six；274,350=twohundredandseventy-fburthousandthreehundredandfifty。二、序数词的构成序数词一般是以与之相应的基数词尾加・th构成，例如fourth,tenth,（0以下的这些基数词变为序数词时，有特别之处。l.one―first,two■一second,three■一third,five■一fifth,nice■一ninth,twelve■一twelfth2.以ty结尾的单词,要先变y为I,在加・eth.例如:thirty…thirtieth,fifty…fiftieth3.以one,two,three等结尾的多位数词，要将各位数变成序数词。例如：twenty-onetwenty-first,onehundredandone・・・onehundredandfirst注意：序数词前常用定冠词，有时还可以用不定冠词a/an则表示“又一叩勺意思。例如：MrBrownhasasecondcar.布朗先生另外还有一辆车。Hehastriedasecondtime.他又尝试了一次。三、数词的应用1•时刻的表示：小时、点钟、分钟、秒钟要用基数词。①“几点钟”用基数词加o'clockoc/clock可省略。如I：5点钟一five（o'clock）.②"儿点过儿分”，W30分钟”用介词past。如：7：05—fivepastseven；7：15—fifteen（aquarter）pastseven；7：30一halfpastseven。③"差几分几点"用介词“to”。如：7：40一twentytoeight；7：45一fifteen（aquartertoeighto④日常生活中的时间读法常常简化，直接按基数词的顺序读。如：7：05-sevenofive；7:15—sevenfifteen。2.年月日的表示：\n①年份用基数词，如：1999年一nineteenninety-nine；1900年一nineteenhundred；2000一twothousand；1905一nineteenofive；②年用基数词，日用序数词。如：1998年6月8日写作：June8,1998；读作：Junetheeighth,nineteenninety-eight或theeighthofJune,nineteenninety・eight。2.世纪、年代表示法：(在)90年代(in)thenineties(在)19世纪(in)thenineteenthcentury(在)18世纪30年代(in)1730s或1730's3.编号的表示：©LessonOne=thefirstlesson第一课；②BusNo.3=theNo.3bus3路公共汽车；③表示住所时不用“No.”如：302房间一Room302(读作：roomthreeotwo)；④如果编号的数词比较长，一般用基数词。如：Page457第457页；⑤电话号码，用基数词，如：3855633—threeeightfivefive(doublefive)sixthreethree(doublethree)。4.分数的表达：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，分子大于“1”，分母则加“s”。如：1/3onethird,2/3twothirds；另夕卜：1/2a(one)half;1/4oncfourth或a(onc)quartcr;3/4thrccfourths或threequarters□halfasecond;aquarterofasecond四分之一秒5.表示有小数的词用基数词。5.5fivepointfive12」35twelvepointonethreefive6.表示白分数5%：fivepercent(percent),0.8%zeropointeightpercent(percent).7.表示有小数的词用基数词。5.5fivepointfive12」35twelvepointonethreefive8.其他用法：1)基数词+单数名词+形容词构成合成形容词。如：一个五岁的男孩afive-year-oldboy；—座800米长的桥an800-metre-longbridge；女子400米接力girls'400-metrerelayrace。2)具体数词+metre(s)/kilometre(s)/kilo(s)long/high/tall/deep/away等。如：长江长6300公里。TheChangjiangRiveris6,300kilometreslong.3)表示”儿十岁”用序数词，eg.在他三十儿岁时inhisthirties4)倍数的表达：(一倍用once,两倍用twice,两倍以上用基数词+times«如：5倍fivetimes)o例如：HeisastallaboyasI.HeisaheadtallerthanI.HeistwoyearsolderthanIChinaisfourtimesaslargeasEurope.Iamtwiceasoldasyou.(=1amtwiceolderthanyou./Iamtwicetheageofyou.)Mybooksaretwiceasmanyasyours.ChinaisfourtimeslargerthanEurope.(=ChinaisfourtimesthesizeofEurope.)Ipaytwiceasmuchasitwasworth.\nIpaytwiceasmuchforthehouse.例题解析:举一反三,学的更轻松!1.ChinesearelookingforwaystolearnEnglishwellbeforeBeijing2008Olympic.A.ThousandB.ThousandsC.ThousandofD・Thousandsof2.Bothoftherulesarebroken.Iwanttobuyaone.A.threeB.thirdC.forthD./3）.—Whichisthesmallestnumberofthefour?—・A.Two-thirdsB.AhalfC.AquarterD.Three-fourths4）.Pleasewritedownthenewwordsinthetextof・A.LessonElevenB.theLessonElevenC・LessonEleventh解析：1.基数词hundred,thousand,million,billion等前有具体数字时，它们后面不能加s,若这些词后面有介词of（几百，成百上千），thousandsof（几千，数千个）,millionsof,billionsof前不可用数词修饰。但可用many,some,several等修饰。故选答案D.2.答案：Bo此题主要考查序数词的运用。3.答案：C。此题主要考查英语中的分数表示法。英语中表示分数吋，分母用序数词,分子用基数词，当分子大于1时，表示分母的序数词后要加s.4.答案：Ao此题主耍考查基数词的编号。在通常情况下，名词编号有这几种表示法：lo事物名词+基数词，且每个单词的首字母都要大写。如：LessonEleven；2。定冠词+基数词+事物名词。如：No.6MiddleSchool练习与巩固:熟能生巧,取得好成绩!选择填空：1・ofpeopleintheworldaresendinginfonnationbyE-mail・everday.A.ManymillionB.SeveralmillionC・SeveralmillionsD.Manymillions2.Aboutofthesurfaceoftheearthcoveredwithwater.A.threequarter,isB.threequarters,hasC・threequarters,isD・threequarter,are3.Itwilltaketimetofinishthework.A.oneandahalfyears5B・ayearandhalfC.oneandahalfyear'sD.ayearandhalfs4.一-Howlongwillyourstayhere?、—-For•A.oneandtwoday'sB.oneandtwodayC・adayortwoD.oneortwoday5•WhenhemovedtoGermanyin,hewasalreadyin・A.thefifties;hissixtiesB.fifties;hissixtiesC・thefifties;hissixtyD.fifty;sixty6•Mybrotherlivesinonfloor;A・sixRoom;secondB.Roomsix;thesecondC.Roomsix;twofloorD.theroomsix;thesecond7.Decemberismonthoftheyear.A.twelveB.twelfthC.thetwelfthD.thetwelve8.Thistookplaceinthe.\nA.1940B.1940sC.1940esD.1940th7.Itisonlyfrommyhometothetrainstation.A.tenminuteswalkB・ten-minuteswalkC.tenminutes'swalkD.tenminutes5walk10-Therearcinthisbuilding,Iliveon.A.ninefloors,theninthfloorB.ninefloor,theninthfloorC・ninefloor,ninefloorsD.ninthfloor?theninthfloor11-ThewaterbehindtheThreeGorgesDams（三峡大坝）shouldbehigherthandownstream（下游）。A.sixty-fivemeterB.sixty・fifthmeterC・sixty-fivemetersD.sixty-fifthmeters12.Therearedaysinayea匚A.threehundredsixty-fiveB.threehundredandsixty-fiveC・threehundredandsixty-fiveD・twohundredsandsixty-five13.—Howmanyteachersarethereinyourschool?―,butI'mnotsure・A.HundredsB.HundredC.HundredsofD.Onehundred14.Therearcdoctorsandnursesworkinghardinthathospital.A.thousandB.twothousandC・twothousandsD・twothousandsof15.—Whafsonefourthandahalf,doyouknow?…Yes,ifs.A.twosixthsB.threefourthsC.onethreeD.threesixth16.Nowchildren,turntopageandlookatthepictureinLessonTwo.A.twentieth,oneB.twenty，oneC・twentieth,firstD・twenty,first17.Bothofthetworulersarebroken・Iwanttobuyaone・A.threeB.thirdC.forthD./18.Decemberisthemonthinyear.A・twentyB.twelveC.twentiethD.twelfth19.…Whatisthedatetoday?―Ifs.A.ThursdayB.JunethesixteenthC・thebestdayD.Junefifteen20.SheknowsalotaboutChinaasshehasbeentoChina.A.fortheforthtimeB.fourtimesC.afourthtimeD.forfourtimes1-5CCACA6-10BCBD11-15CCCDA16-20DBDBB