初中--英语语法---数词(含练习) 6页

~中考英语复习---数词表示数目和顺序的词叫数词。数词可以分为基数词和序数词。一、基数词用来表示数目，或者说表示数量的词叫基数词。最基本的基数词如下表所示：1one11eleven100a/onehundred2two12twelve20twenty1,000a/onethousand3three13thirteen30thirty1,000,000a/onemillion4four14fourteen40forty10,000,000tenmillion5five15fifteen50fifty100,000,000a/onehundredmillion6six16sixteen60sixty1,000,000,000a/onebillion7seven17seventeen70seventy8eight18eighteen80eithty9nine19nineteen90ninety10ten说明：1.11-19是由个位数加后缀-teen构成。注意12,13,15,18的拼写。2.20-90（整十）是由个位数加后缀-ty构成。注意20,30,40,50和80的拼写。3.其他非整十的两位数（21-99）是由整十数加连字符“-”，再接个位数构成。Eg.35:thirty-five79:seventy-nine81:eighty-one4.101—999先写百位数，后加and，再写十位数和个位数。（百位与十位之间必须加and）Eg.108:onehundredandeight691:sixhundredandninety-one5.1001及以上数字：数字从右往左看，每隔三位划一逗号，倒数第一个逗号前加thousand,倒数第二个逗号前加million，倒数第三个逗号前加billionEg.1,954:onethousandninehundredandfifty-four712,564,301:sevenhundredandtwelvemillionfivehundredandsixty-fourthousandthreehundredandone812,067,331,991:eighthundredandtwelvebillionsixty-sevenmillionthreehundredandthirty-onethousandninehundredandninety-one6.“hundreds”,“thousands”,”millions”后加of表示大量的不确定的数目：Eg:hundredsofpeople数以百计的人thousandsoftrees成千上万的树而表示确定的大量数目则直接用基数词，其后不加s，也不加of:Eg:twohundredstudents两百个学生fivethousandyears五千年二、序数词序数词用来表示数词的顺序，除特殊情况外，序数词一般都是直接在基数词后直接加后缀-th构成。（见下表）第一到第十第十一到第十九第二十以上firstsecondthirdfourtheleventhtwelfththirteenthfourteenthtwentieththirtiethfortiethfiftieth~~~\n~fifthsixthseventheighthninthtenthfifteenthsixteenthseventeentheighteenthnineteenthsixtiethseventietheightiethninetiethhundredththousandth说明：1.英语表示第一、第二、第三的序数词属于特殊形式：firstsecondthird2.–ve结尾的改为fth3.–ty结尾的改为tieth4.两位数以上的序数词，仅个位数部分用序数词，其余部分仍用基数词。Eg.fifty-first(第五十一)forty-eighth(第四十八)1.使用序数词时一般在前面加定冠词the，如：I’minthethirdgrade.但当名词前有物主代词、指示代词修饰时，the一定要省略。如：inhisthirdyear2.序数词可缩写为阿拉伯数字加序数词最后两个字母。Eg.第一(the)first(1st)第二(the)second(2nd)第三(the)third(3rd)第九十七(the)ninety-seventh(97th)第一百零一(the)onehundredandfirst(101st)3.编了号的事物要用基数词表示顺序，但是基数词要后置。第三十二页：Page32第305房间：Room305第五课：LessonFive第12路公汽：BusNo.12数词的用法：1.分数表达法：基数词做分子，序数词作分母;当分子超过1时，分母要加“s”.Eg:1/5:onefifth2/3:twothirds1/2:one/ahalf1/4:aquarter/onefourth3/4:threequarters/threefourths2.年月日表达法：(1)年份用基数词表达，分两位一读。Eg:1999:nineteenninety-nine2000:twothousand2001:twothousandandone2012:twentytwelve/twothousandandtwelve年份前用介词in,如：在1998年：in1998(2)月份名称的第一个字母都要大写，有些月份名称有缩写形式。一月January(Jan)二月February(Feb)三月March(Mar)四月April(Apr)五月May六月June七月July八月August(Aug)九月September(Sep)十月October(Oct)十一月November(Nov)十二月December(Dec)表示在某个月，用介词inEg.inOctoberinJuly2003：在2003年7月(3)日期的表达法，日期前要用介词ononJune1st：在六月1号读作：onJune(the)first(4)年月日的表达法：表示某年某月某日，按“月份+日期+年份”或以“日期+月份+年份”写，年份前加逗号隔开。年月日前面用介词onEg:on15August,2003或onAugust15th,2003：在2003年8月15日(5)年代和年龄表达法：~~~\n~A.“in+the+数词的复数形式”，表示年代。Eg.inthe1870s或in1870’s(在19世纪70年代，读作：eighteenseventies)B.“in+物主代词+数词的复数形式”，表示“在某人……多少岁时”Eg.inhistwenties(在他20几岁时)3.时刻表达法：(时刻前用介词at)(1)表示整点时间，后面可以加o’clock,也可以不加o’clock而表示非整点时间，后面绝对不能加o’clockEg.atnine(o’clock)在九点(2)非整点时间（几点几分）表达法：A.可用基数词按顺序表达，也可以用介词past或to来表达。若分钟数少于30，用“分钟数+past+小时数”若分钟数大于30，用“（60-分钟数）+to+(小时数+1)”Eg.at6:18---atsixeighteen或ateighteenpastsixEg.at8:55---ateightfifty-five或atfivetonineB.aquarter=fifteenminutesEg.9:15---ninefifteen或fifteenpastnine或aquarterpastfifteenEg.9:45---nineforty-five或fifteentoten或aquartertoten4.半数表达法：a/onehalf一半halfanhour半个小时oneandahalfhours=onehourandahalf(一个半小时)twoandahalfhours=twohoursandahalf（两个半小时）课堂练习：一、写出下列数字1.622.1133.6804.第855.999999999999二、选择适当的单词填空。1.Iamthe(two;second)childofmyparents’.2.JackisinClass(Eight;Eighth).3.Thereare(fourth;four)floorsinthebuilding.4.Usuallyitisverycoldinthe(one;first)monthhere.5.Amanhas(ten;tenth)fingers.6.Todayisthe(two;second)dayofthenewterm.三、用适当的数词填空。1.‘T’istheletterintheword‘Christmas’.2.Teachers’DayisontheofSeptember.3.Women’sDayisontheofMarch.4.Therearedaysinaweek.5.Autumnistheseasonofayear.6.Novemberisthemonthofayear.7.Tomisnineyearsold.Todayishisbirthday.8.Thereareseasonsinayear.9.NewYear’sDayisthedayofayear.10.Therearemonthsinayear.11.ThemonthofayearisMay.12.Thereareminutesinanhour.13.Halfofonehundredis.~~~\n~14.TherearelettersinEnglishalphabet(字母表).15.TherearedaysinFebruary.课后练习：单项选择：1.Helivesin.A.theRoom203B.Room203C.203rdRoomD.203Room2.TherewerepeopleintheparklastSunday.A.thousandsB.thousandofC.thousandD.thousandsof3.---Peter,howoldisyourfatherthisyear?---.Andwejusthadapartyforhisbirthdaylastweekend.A.Fortieth;fortyB.Forty;fortyC.Forty;fortiethD.Fortieth;fortieth4.Therearemonthsinayear.Decemberisthemonthoftheyear.A.twelve;twelveB.twelve;twelfthC.twelfth;twelveD.twelve;twelveth5.WehadlearnedaboutEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.A.ninehundredsandforty-fiveB.ninehundredsofandforty-fiveC.ninehundredandforty-fiveD.ninehundredandfourty-five6.Thefarmerkeepscowsonhisfarm.A.hundredB.hundredofC.hundredsD.hundredsof7.visitorscometoChinaeveryyear.A.ThousandsofB.TenthousandsC.TenthousandofD.Thousandof8.---HaveyouseentheCCTVnewsonTV?---Yes,childrenhadagoodfestivalontheChildren’sDay.A.millionsof;sixtyB.tenmillion;sixtyC.millionsof;sixtiethD.tenmillions;sixtieth9.Father’sDayisonSundayofJune.A.threeB.thirdC.thethirdD.thethree10.Thenumber999readsnine.A.hundredsandninetyninthB.hundredsandninety-nineC.hundredninetyandnineD.hundredandninety-nine11.Thewordintheword“possible”is“i”.A.fiveB.secondC.twoD.fifth12.---What’sthepopulationofChina?---It’sabout.A.thirteenbillionB.onebillion,threethousandmillionC.twelvebillion,hundredmillionD.onebillion,threehundredmillion13.---Goodnews!Billwonmedalinthelongjumpjustnow.---Really?That’shisoneatoursportsmeeting.A.a;fourB.an;fourthC.a;fourthD.an;four14.Todayismymother’sbirthday.Iwillbuyheragift.A.fourteenB.fourteenthC.fortyD.fortieth15.Morethantwoyearsago,peopleknewlittleabouttheuniverse.A.thousandsB.thousandC.thousandofD.thousandsof课堂练习：一、写出下列时间（除整点外，其它时间写出两种表达方式。）1.4:006.8:30~~~\n~7.3:4510.12:37一、翻译短语1.在1997年10月1日2.第六单元3.sixnine4.第三小学5.202室6.eighttotwelve7九点半8.第十九号大楼9.No.TwelveRoad10.三点一刻二、单项选择1.oftheboysinthisschoolarefansofLinShuhao.A.TwofifthsB.TwofifthC.OnethirdsD.Fifthstwo2.TheymovedtoBeijing.A.in1980sB.inthe1980’C.inthe1980sD.onthe1980’s3.Sheislookingaftera.A.five-month-oldbabyB.fivemontholdbabyC.five-months-oldbabyD.five-months-oldbaby4.---It’s10:45now,isn’tit?---Yes,it’s.A.fifteenpasttenB.forty-fivepasttenC.aquartertotenD.aquartertoeleven5.Canyouimaginewhatlifewillbelikeintime?A.20years’B.20year’sC.20-years’D.20-years6.Iwasborn.A.inOct8th,1969B.in1969,Oct8thC.onOct8th,1969D.on1969,Oct8th7.---Therearesixtystudentsinourclass.Andofusareboys.---Wow!Youhavefortygirls.A.onefourthB.onethirdC.twofifthsD.twothirds8.---ThereisawrongwordinLine.---Youmeanitisintheline?A.Two;twoB.Two;secondC.second;twoD.second;second9.Aboutoftheworkersinthefactoryborninthe.A.two-thirds;were;1970B.two-third;was;1970C.two-thirds;were;1970sD.two-third;was;1970s10.Myfriendgetsupatinthemorning.A.halfpastsevenB.sevenpasthalfC.pasthalfsevenD.halfsevenpast11.Therearefiftystudentsinourclassandareboys.A.secondthreeB.threefifthC.twoquarterD.threequarters12.Hesaidhewasgoingtobefreein.A.oneandahalfhourB.onehourandhalfC.oneandhalfhoursD.anhourandahalf13.ThePeople’sRepublicofChinawasfounded.A.onOctoberthefirst,1949B.inOctoberthefirst,1949C.onOctoberone,1949D.onOctoberfirstone,194914---Whichclasswonthematchintheend?---I’mnotsure.Perhapsdid.A.ClassThirdB.ThirdClassC.ClassThreeD.ThreeClass15.Igotagoodpresentonmybirthday.~~~\n~A.nineB.ninthC.thenineD.theninth课后练习：单项选择1.Thesepotatoesarefor.A.wetwoB.threeusC.threeweD.usthree2.Shecan’tdosomuch.Sheisonly.A.atwelveyearsoldgirlB.atwelveyear’soldgirlC.agirloftwelfthD.agirloftwelve3.MrsLeegoestohelpMrBlack.A.onceamonthB.amonthonceC.amonthoneD.oneamonth4.Watercoverstheoftheearth.A.twothirdB.twothreeC.onethirdsD.twothirds5.Look,areshoutingathim.A.hundredpeopleB.hundredsofpeopleC.hundredofpeopleD.hundredspeople6.ChristmasisonofDecember.A.twenty-fiveB.thetwenty-fifthC.twenty-fifthD.thetwentiethfifth7.---HowcanIgettothesupermarket?---Goalongthisstreetandturnleftatcrossing.A.thetwoB.thesecondC.twoD.second8.Ispendyuanonthisshirt.A.tentwoB.tensecondC.tenthtwoD.twelve9.Hisbirthdayison.A.1995,April6B.Aprilsix,1995C.April6,1995D.1995,6April10.---Whatdayisittoday?---It’s.A.AprilB.FineC.WednesdayD.Cool一、翻译句子1.20年前，Tom离开了家乡。Tomlefthishometownago.2.我们乘坐52路公交去故宫博物馆。WewenttothePalaceMuseumby.3.1975年3月4日皮特出生在巴黎。PeterwasborninParison.4.现在让我们把书翻到第43页。Nowlet’sturnto.5.今天是三月三日。Itistheoftoday.6.下周，我们将学习第八单元。Wearegoingtolearnnextweek.二、根据问句找答语。()1.Howlongareyougoingtostaythere?A.Therearethree.()2.Howoldistheboy?B.TheHalloweenisonOctober()3.What’sthreeplustwo?C.It’snineo’clock.()4.WhenisHalloween?D.He’sten.()5.Howmanypicturesarethereonthewall?E.Elevenyuan.()6.Howmuchisthedictionary?F.It’sApril12.()7.What’sthetime?G.Aboutonekilometer.()8.What’sthedatetoday?H.Aboutthreedays.()9.Howfaristheairportfromhere?I.Five.~~~