初中定语从句详解及练习附答案 22页

学习必备欢迎下载定语从句详解及练习附答案第一部分:基础学问（一）．定语从句概述定语可以由形容词，代词，数词，名词，不定式，介词短语来充当；假如是一个句子担任定语，那么这个句子就叫做定语从句，又可称为形容词性从句；定语从句通常修饰某一名词或代词，被定语从句修饰的这一名词或代词叫先行词，它位于定语从句之前，定语从句在先行词后面，应尽量紧跟先行词；定语从句的作用即在于对先行词进行限定说明或补充说明；（二）．定语从句的引导词；定语从句的引导词分为两类，关系代词（that,which,who,whom,whose）和关系副词（when,where,why），引导词在先行词和定语从句之间，既起连接作用，即连接先行词和定语从句，更重要的是，它又在定语从句中作一个成分；（三）．关系代词1.that指人，物，在从句中作主语，宾语，表语；ThisisthephotothatItookinthecountry.HeisthesingerthatImetyesterday.2.which指物，在从句中作主语，宾语，在非限定定语从句中充当定语，或者代替前句Thefilmwhichwesawlastnightwasmoving.3.who指人，在从句中作主语，宾语；Thepersonwhovisitedourclassroomyesterdaywasournewheadmaster.ThemanwhoyoujusttalkedtoisTom.4.whom指人，在从句中作宾语；\n学习必备欢迎下载Thatistheprofessorwhomyouwanttoknow.1.whose指人，物，在从句中作定语，相当于先行词+’s后,接一名词；Iknowtheboywhoseparentsaredead.Idon’tlikethosecitieswhoseroadsaredirty.注：关系代词在从句中作宾语时可以省略；（四）．关系副词关系副词在从句中作状语，有时相当于介词+which，其中which指代先行词不行以指示整个句子；1.when指时间，在从句中作时间状语，相当于at/on/in/duringwhich.I’llnveerforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)IreachedthetopoftheHuangshanMountain.2.where指地点，在从句中作地点状语，相当于at/in/to/which.Thisistheschoolwhere(atwhich)Istudied.3.why指缘由，在从句中作缘由状语，相当于forwhich.That’stherealreasonwhy(wfohrich)hewaslate.其次部分：关系代词的特殊用法(一)关系代词指物时,用that而不用which的情形:1.先行词为something,anything,nothing,everything以及all,much,little,alot,none,few等不定代词时；E.g.:MymotherwassoproudofallthatIdidn’t.2.先行词有thelast,thevery,theonly以及all,much,few,no,any,little等修饰时；\n学习必备欢迎下载e.g.ThisistheverybookthatI’form.looking1.先行词为序数词、形容词最高级(或所修饰)时；学习必备欢迎下载e.g.ThisisthemostexcitingfilmthatIseen’.veever学习必备欢迎下载WhenpeopletalkaboutHangzhou,thefirstthatcomestotheirmindistheWestLake.2.thesame修饰先行词时,定语从句要用that或as引导,但意义不同；e.g.ThisisthesamewatchasIlostlastSunday.(表示相同但并非同一)ThisisthesameknifethatIusedyesterday.表(示就是那个)6.Therebe后面的定语从句多用that引导,不用which；e.g.There’saseatinthecornerthatilslfsrtee.7.句子前面显现了who,which时,后面的定语从句用that引导；e.g.Theybuiltafactorywhichmadesomenewproductsthathadneverbeenseenbefore.Whoisthemanthatyouweretalkingaboutjustnow.8.关系代词在定语从句作表语时,常用that,而不用which、who；e.g.Myhometownisnotthesmallvillagethatitwas10yearsago.Tomisn’tthemanthatheusedtobe9.先行词既有人又有物时,只能用that；e.g.DoyourememberthebookanditsauthorthatappearedonTVlastSunday.(二)关系代词指人时,有时只用who,而不用that；1.先行词为指人的代词one,those,theman以,及人称代词如he等；e.g.Thosewhoareoftenlateforschoolshouldbepunished.\n学习必备欢迎下载Hewhodoesn’treachtheGreatWallisnotatmruaen.1.先行词为someone(somebody),noone(nobody),anyone(anybody),everyone(everybody)；e.g.Anyonewhowouldliketoattendthepartyshouldcomeontime.2.先行词指人时,如有序数词,最高级,thevery,theonly,thelast等修饰,定语从句既可用that也可用who引导；e.g.Heisthefirststudentwho/thatworkedouttheproblem.(三)关系代词whose的用法：1.whose在从句中作定语，表示“先行词的⋯”，既可指人，也可指物；e.g.Johnismybestfriend,whosefatherisascientist.Theoldmanlivedinthehousewhosewindowwasbroken.Theboss,inwhosecompanymyfatherworked,wasveryfriendlytotheworkers.2.whose可以转换为ofwhich（物）和ofwhom（人）；e.g.1)thedictionarywhosecoverismissingismine.(划线部分可改为thecoverofwhich或ofwhichthecover)2)TheyalsoinvitedMr.Wang,whosecarwasstolenlastSunday.(划线部分可改为thecarofwhom或ofwhomthecar)(四)which的特殊用法：1.关系代词which引导的非限制性定语从句,有时不是修饰某个先行词,而是指代主句的全部或部分内容；特殊留意，非限定定语从句中prep+which时，which只能指代先行词，不行以指代句子；\n学习必备欢迎下载e.g.1)InChina,yousometimesgetahotdampclothtocleanyourfaceandhands,which,however,isnotthecustominwesterncountries.2）Helenoftencamelate,whichmadetheclassteacherangry.2.which有时可在定语从句中作定语,含义上相当于指示代词this/that；e.g.1)HestayedinEnglandfor5years,duringwhichtimehelearnedEnglishwell.2)Itmayrainhardtomorrow,inwhichcaseIwon’tfigshoing.留意：which的这种用法与whose作定语不同；whose表示“先行词的⋯”；e.g.They’retalkingaboutfailm,whosenameIhaveforgotten.3.以介词结尾的动词不定式作定语时,可借关系代词which把介词前置；e.g.1)TomorrowwouldbeChristmasDay,andshehadonly$1.87withwhichtobuyJimapresent.2)Thosepoorpeoplehadnohousestolivein/inwhichtolive.注：假如先行词指人，关系代词用whom；e.g.IwanttofindapersontotraveltoEnglandwith/withwhomtotraveltoEngland.(五)关系代词as的用法：1.引导限制性定语从句：当先行词有such,so,thesame等修饰时,关系代词要用as；as在从句中可作主语，宾语和表语；e.g.1).Ihaveneverseensuchakindgirlassheis.\n学习必备欢迎下载2).Heissuchagoodteacher(sogoodateacher)aseverystudentrespects.比较：Heissuchagoodteacher(sogoodateacher)thateverystudentrespectshim.(此句为such/so⋯t引ha导t的结果状语从句)3).Suchastudentasoftenstudieshardissuretopassthisexam.4).HeboughtthesamebikeasIdidlastweek.区分thatIdidlastweek1.引导非限制性定语从句：as不修饰某个先行词，而是指代主句的全部或部分内容，可译为“这一点，此事；正如”，或不译；这种从句可位于句首、句中或句尾；常见于asweallknow,ashasbeensaidabove，asisusual，asisoftenthecase,aseverybodycansee,asisknowntousa等ll结构；e.g.1).Hehaspassedtheexam,asisapleasuretous.2).Asweallknow,theearthmovesaroundthesun.3).Thisexperiment,asyouhadexpected,succeededatlast.2.如前所述,which也可引导这种从句,两者常可互换；(非限定性定语从句谓语句末且指代前面的主句)e.g.1）.Thosetwostudentsarewearingthesameclothes,which/asisveryinteresting.2）.Theycametothepartyontime,as/whichhadbeenexpected.但在以下两种情形下有区分：1).as从句可位于句首(或主句前),而which从句只能在主句后；\n学习必备欢迎下载e.g.isoftenthecase,wehaveworkedouttheproductionplan.A.WhichB.WhenC.WhatD.As1).关系代词作主语时,假如从句的谓语是及物动词+宾语的结构,就只能用which；e.g.Hisfatherdiedinatrafficaccident,whichmadeusgreatlysurprised.3）当which在从句中指代的事先行词而不是主句，只能用whiche.g.Thecar,whichwesawontheplayground,isMike’s.第四部分：关系副词的特殊用法(一)关系副词when,where,why的用法：1.关系代词(which/that)与关系副词(when,where,why)的选取方法：A)当先行词是定语从句中的主语或宾语时，选用关系代词；关系代词指代先行词，并代替先行词在从句中作主语或宾语；B)假如先行词不是定语从句中的主语或宾语,先行词前面需要加上一个介词才能在从句中作成分的时候,选用关系副词；关系副词在从句中作状语，常可转换为“介词+which”；e.g.1)Doyourememberthedaywhich/thatwespentinthemountainvillage.Doyourememberthedaywhen(=onwhich)wevisitedthemountainvillage.2)Thisisthefactorywhich/thatwevisitedlastyear.Thisisthefactorywhere(=inwhich)heworkedlastyear.3)Wedon’tbelievethereasonwhich/thathegaveforhiscoming\n学习必备欢迎下载late.Wedon’tknowthereasonwh=yf(orwhich)hehaschangedhismind.1.关系副词where的从句仍可以修饰point，situation，case，activity,scene,stage等地点意味不明显的先行词；关系副词when的从句可以修饰occasion,stay等时间意味不明显的先行词；关系副词why只修饰reason这一个先行词；e.g.1)Nowyoucanseewe’vecometothepointwhereachangeisbadlyneeded.2)Todaywe’lldiusscssomecaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfailtouseitproperly.3)Therearefewoccasionswhenmystudentscan’tunderstandwhateachinclass.2.when和where在少数情形下可作介词宾语；e.g.1).Thenaughtyboywashiddenbehindthedoor,fromwherehesawhismotherwalkingintothehouse.（where指代behindthedoor；不能换为which，由于which只能指代thedoor）2).TheywenttoAmericanthreeyearsago，sincewhentheyhavelivedthere.(when指代threeyearsago；不能换为which，由于which只能指代threeyears=andsincethen)(二)that在有些句型中可视为关系副词：\n学习必备欢迎下载1.way后面的定语从句常用that或inwhich引导,但可省略；e.g.Idon’tliketheway(that/inwhich)youspeaktoyourparents.Theway(inwhich/that)heworkedontheproblemwaswrong.注：假如way在从句中作主语或宾语,应当用关系代词which/that；e.g.Heexplainedtheprobleminawaythat/whicheveryonecouldaccept.2.Itis(about,high)timethat⋯(正)是⋯⋯的时候了；that从句中常用一般过去时,that在口语中可省略；e.g.Itwashightimethatwestoppedpollution.Itistimethatyouhadlunchnow.比较：Therewasatimewhen(duringwhich)wewereshortofoil.3.Thisisthefirst(second,⋯lastt)imethat⋯(从句中常用完成时态)e.g.Thisis/willbethelasttimethatIhavecometoChina.ItwasthefirsttimethathehadbeeninvitedtoChina.第五部分：定语从句有关要留意的问题(一)关系代词作主语时,要留意从句中谓语动词的单复数；1.先行词只有oneof修饰时,从句谓语用复数；e.g.HeisoneofthestudentsinourclasswhohavebeentoHainan.Thisisoneofthebestbooksthatwerewrittenbythewriter.2.oneof前有the,theonly，thevery，thefirst时,从句谓语用单数；e.g.Tomistheonly/veryoneoftheboyswhoknowsthetruth.(二)定语从句的隔离现象：\n学习必备欢迎下载1.定语从句和先行词之间有时会被状语,定语或者其他成分隔开,要留意找准先行词；e.g.ThefilmbroughtthehoursbacktomewhenIwastakengoodcareofinthatvillage.Istherearestaurantaroundwherewecanhavelunch.(aroundadv.在周围)Thedaysaregonewhenweusedforeignoil.(主句谓语较短,隔开先行词与定语从句)2.定语从句中关系代词和关系副词的后面有时会显现插入语；e.g.1)HeisthemanwhoIthinkisfitforthejob.2)---Isthatthesmalltownyouoftenreferto.---Right,justtheoneyouknowIusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.what(三)定语从句中有时会使用倒装语序：e.g.Threedayslater,wefoundanoldhouse,infrontofwhichstoodabigtree.Finallytheyclimbedupthemountain,abovewhichappearedabeautifulrainbow.(四)留意区分定语从句和其他从句：1.区分where引导的定语从句和地点状语从句；(最明显的区分是定语从句肯定有先行词)e.g.Afterthewar,anewschoolwasputupwheretherehadoncebeenatheatre.(状语从句)\n学习必备欢迎下载Anewschoolwasputupattheplacewheretherehadoncebeenatheatre.(定语从句)1.区分“介词+which”的定语从句和“介词+what”的宾语从句；e.g.1)Thisisthecompanyinwhichheworkedthreeyearsago.(which引导定语从句)2)Amoderncityhasbeensetupinwasawastelandtenyearsago.(what宾语从句)A.whatB.whichC.thatD.where2.区分that的定语从句和同位语从句；e.g.Thenewsthathewonthematchmadeusexcited.(同位语从句)Thenews(that)hetoldusmadeusveryexcited.(定语从句)同位语从句中that不作句子成分,但不能省略，去掉that从句仍旧完整；定语从句中that是关系代词，可作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略；几个习题1.Meetingmyuncleafteralltheseyearswasanunforgettablemoment,Iwillalwaystreasure.A.thatB.itC.oneD.what此时，one是分句的先行词，同时one是moment的同位语2.Thebookwaswrittenin1946,theeducationsystemhaswitnessedgreatchanges.A.whenB.duringwhichC.sincethenD.since\n学习必备欢迎下载when此时when相当于in1946,最简洁的说法就是andsincethen,andsincethe/thisthat=which定语从句易错分析之所以在常常出错，主要是对定语从句的懂得不够深刻，辨论不出主句和从句，对句子成分的把握也不到位，搞不清关系代词或关系副词在从句中充当何种句子成分；所以要做好这一类题，要第一弄清关系代词和关系副词的用法，而且应善于辨论和分析句子结构及其相应成分，这样才能对症下药，快速精确地找到瓿之所在定语从句练习题及配套参考答案共50题1.TheplaceinterestedmemostwastheChildren'sPalace.A.WhichB.whereC.whatD.inwhich2.Doyouknowtheman.A.whomIspokeB.towhospokeC.IspoketoD.thatIspoke2.Thisisthehotellastmonth.A.whichtheystayedB.atthattheystayedC.wheretheystayedatD.wheretheystayed3.DoyouknowtheyeartheChineseCommunistPartywasfounded.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.onwhich4.ThatisthedayI'llneverforget.A.whichB.onwhichC.inwhichD.when5.Thefactorywe'llvisitnextweekisnotfarfromhere.\n学习必备欢迎下载A.whereB.towhichC.whichD.inwhich1.Greatchangeshavetakenplacesincetheninthefactoryweareworking.A.whereB.thatC.whichD.there8.Thisisoneofthebestfilms.A.thathavebeenshownthisyearB.thathaveshownC.thathasbeenshownthisyearD.thatyoutalked9.Canyoulendmethebooktheotherday.A.aboutwhichyoutalkedB.whichyoutalkedC.aboutthatyoutalkedD.thatyoutalked10.Thepenheiswritingismine.A.withwhichB.inwhichC.onwhichD.bywhich11.Theyarrivedatafarmhouse,infrontofsatasmallboy.A.whomB.whoC.whichD.that12.Theengineermyfatherworksisabout50yearsold.A.towhomB.onwhomC.withwhichD.withwhom13.Itthereanyoneinyourclassfamilyisinthecountry.\n学习必备欢迎下载A.whoB.who'sC.whichD.whose14.I'minterestedinyouhavesaid.A.allthatB.allwhatC.thatD.which15.Iwanttousethesamedictionarywasusedyesterday.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.as16.Heisn'tsuchamanheusedtobe.A.whoB.whomC.thatD.as17.HeisgoodatEnglish,weallknow.A.thatB.asC.whomD.what18.LiMing,totheconcertenjoyeditverymuch.A.IwentwithB.withwhomIwentC.withwhoIwentD.Iwentwithhim19.Idon'tlikeasyouread.A.thenovelsB.thesuchnovelsC.suchnovelsD.samenovels20.Hetalkedalotaboutthingsandpersonstheyrememberedintheschool.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.what21.Theletterisfrommysister,isworkinginBeijing.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.who22.Inourfactorythereare2,000workers,twothirdsofarewomen.A.themB.whichC.whomD.who23.You'retheonlypersonI'veevermetcoulddoit.\n学习必备欢迎下载A.who;/B./;whomC.whom;/D./;who24.Ilostabook,Ican'tremembernow.A.whosetitleB.itstitleC.thetitleofitD.thetitleofthat25.LastsummerwevisitedtheWestLake,Hangzhouisfamousintheworld.A.forwhichB.forthatC.inwhichD.what26.IhaveboughtsuchawatchwasadvertisedonTV.A.thatB.whichC.asD.it27.Icanneverforgetthedayweworkedtogetherandthedaywespenttogether.A.when;whichB.which;whenC.what;thatD.onwhich;when28.Thewayhelooksatproblemsiswrong.A.whichB.whoseC.whatD./29.Thisisthereasonhedidn'tcometothemeeting.A.inwhichB.withwhichC.thatD.forwhich30.Thismachine,formanyyears,isstillworkingperfectly.A.afterwhichIhavelookedB.whichIhavelookedafterC.thatIhavelookedafterD.Ihavelookedafter\n学习必备欢迎下载28.Thereasonhedidn'tcomewashewasill.A.why;thatB.that;whyC.forthat;thatD.forwhich;what29.Heisworkinghard,willmakehimpassthefinalexam.A.thatB.whichC.forwhichD.who33.ThatisnotthewayIdoit.A./B.whichC.forwhichD.withwhich34.Ihavetwogrammars,areofgreatuse.A.allofwhichB.eitherofwhichC.bothofthatD.bothofwhich35.Iwanttousethesametoolsusedinyourfactoryafewdaysago.A.aswasB.whichwasC.aswereD.which36.Myneighboursusedtogivemeahandintimeoftrouble,wasverykindofthem.A.whoB.whichC.thatD.it37.ThisisthemagazineIcopiedtheparagraph.A.thatB.whichC.fromthatD.fromwhich38.Heisnotsuchamanwouldleavehisworkhalfdone.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.as39.Youcandependonwhateverpromisehemakes.A./B.whyC.whenD.whose40.Smoking,isabadhabit,is,however,popular.A.thatB.whichC.itD.though\n学习必备欢迎下载36.---Didyouasktheguardhappened.---Yes,hetoldmeallheknew.A.what;thatB.what;whatC.which;whichD.that;that37.IshallneverforgetthoseyearsIlivedonthefarmwiththefarmers,hasagreateffectonmylife.A.when;whoB.that;whichC.which;thatD.when;which38.Thenumberofthepeoplewhocarsincreasing.A.owns;areB.owns;isC.own;isD.own;are39.Duringthedays,heworkedasaservantattheBrowns.A.followedB.followingC.tofollowD.thatfollowed40.Isoxygentheonlygashelpsfireburn.A.thatB./C.whichD.it41.Thecleverboymadeaholeinthewall,hecouldseewasgoingoninsidehouse.A.which;whatB.throughwhich;whatC.throughthat;whatD.what;that42.IssomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.A.thisschoolB.thistheschoolC.thisschooloneD.thisschoolwhere\n学习必备欢迎下载36.Johngotbeateninthegame,hadbeenexpected.A.asB.thatC.whatD.who37.Ihaveboughttwoballpens,writeswell.A.noneofthemB.neitherofthemC.neitherofwhichD.noneofwhich38.Allthatcanbeeateneatenup.A.arebeingB.hasbeenC.hadbeenD.havebeen参考答案及解析1.A.which用作关系代词，在定语从句中作主语；2．C."和谁讲话”要说speaktosb.此题全句应为DoyouknowthemanwhomIspoketo.；whom是关系代词，作介词to的宾语，可以省略；3.D.where是关系副词，表示地点，在定语从句中作地点状语；4.C.when是关系副词，表示时间，在定语从句中作时间状语；5．A.which是关系代词，在从句中作forget的宾语；其他几个答案都不能作宾语；6．C.解析同第5题；7.A.解析见第3题；8.A.本句话的先行词应当是films,因此，关系代词that是负数概念，其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态havebeenshown；假如句中的one前面使用了定冠词the，就theone应当视为先行词；9.A.谈“到某事物”应说talkaboutsth.；about是介词，其后要用which作宾语，不能用that；\n学习必备欢迎下载7.A.withwhich是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句.with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that.withwhich在定语从句中作状语,即heiswritingwithapen.8.C.infrontofwhich即infrontofafarmhouse.Infrontofwhich在从句中作状语.9.D.withwhom引导定语从句.withwhom放在从句中即为:myfatherworkswiththeengineer.10.D.whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语.11.A.that引导定语从句,由于先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导.12.D.thesame⋯⋯是..固as定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在本句话中,as作从句的主语.13.D.such⋯⋯⋯是a固s定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语.在此题中,as作表语.14.B.as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句；这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词，而往往指代整个主句的含义；as在从句中可以作主语、宾语；从句可放在主句后，也可置于主句前；在本句中,as作宾语.15.B.LiMingenjoyeditverymuch是主句,withwhomIwenttotheconcert是定语从句.withwhom放在从句中为:IwenttotheconcertwithLiMing.16.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such⋯as或thesame⋯a固s定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句；as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语；Such修饰单数名词时,要用sucha⋯⋯..,此题中suchbooks,such直接修饰复数名词.\n学习必备欢迎下载7.B.things和persons是先行词.当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.8.D.who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语.9.C.twothirdsofwhom即:twothirdsofthe2,000workers.10.D.先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.由于,whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略.其次个从句whocoulddoit.who在从句中作主语,不行省略.11.A.whosetitle引导非限制性定语从句,whosetitle也可以说成thetitleofwhich12.A.forwhich引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语befamousfor"以⋯⋯..而著名".13.C.当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as.As在本从句中作主语.14.A.两个先行词theday都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when.其次个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句.15.D.在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中，常用that来代替“in(或其他介词)+which”、when或where，而that常可省略；16.D.forwhich在定语从句中作缘由状语,可用why来替代.17.B.whichIhavelookedafter构成一个非限制性定语从句.18.A.Thereasonwhy⋯wast已ha成t为⋯一.种固定句型，这一句中的why和that不能随便换位，也不能将that改成because，尽管that这个词在译文中可能有“由于”的含义；\n学习必备欢迎下载7.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.8.A.说明见28题.9.D.主句中的two说明不能选A.从句中的are说明不能选B.bothofwhich用来引导非限制性定语从句.10.C.as引导定语从句时通常构成such⋯as或thesame⋯a固s定搭配，其中such和same修饰其后的名词，as为关系代词，指代其前的名词引导定语从句；as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语；此题中as作从句的主语.11.B.非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义.12.D.13.D.解析见35题.14.A.hemakes是定语从句,从句前省略了关系代词that.15.B.whichisabadhabit非限制性定语从句.16.A.whathappened是宾语从句.all之后thatheknew是定语从句.先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.17.D.years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是由于when在从句中作时间状语.其次个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句.18.C.本句话的定语从句是whoowncars.其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own；本句话主句的主语是Thenumberof指“⋯的..数目”，是单数概念；因此，主句的谓语动词要用is；19.D.thatfollowed是定语从句，关系代词that在从句中作主语；20.A.先行词gas被only修饰，关系代词要用that，而不用which；21.B.throughwhich引导定语从句，throughwhich即throughthehole,在定语从句中作状语；What引导的是see的宾语从句，并作从句的主语；\n学习必备欢迎下载47.B.为便于懂得，改写本句话：ThisistheschoolthatsomeGermanfriendsvisitedlastweek.不难看出，作表语的theschool是先行词；that引导了定语从句，由于that同时又作visited的宾语，所以被省略了；其它选项结构不对；48.A.说明见35题；49.C.由于是twoballpens,并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念；因此，C是正确选项；50.B.本句话中，主句的主语是all,为抽象概念；因此，其谓语应用单数的hasbeen；关系代词that引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语；