初中定语从句讲解及练习-12页 12页

初中定语从句讲解及操练之袁州冬雪创作定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句.如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面.引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略.(1)Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在白话和非正式语体中常常使用who代替，可省略.\n(3)Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略(1)Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)(2)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which.在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略.(5)Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)(6)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语(1)hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.(2)ioncelivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常常使用以下布局来代替(3)theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.\n(4)theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.(5)doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?(6)doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?三、关系代词在定语从句中做介词宾语时，从句常由介词+关系代词引导(1)theschool(that/which)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.(2)theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.(3)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazine(that/which)youaskedfor.(4)tomorrowiwillbringhereamagazineforwhichyouasked.(5)we'llgotohearthefamoussinger(whom/that/who)wehaveoftentalkedabout.(6)we'llgotohearthefamoussingeraboutwhomwehaveoftentalked.注意：1.含有介词的动词短语一般不拆开使用，如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等(1)thisisthewatchwhich/thatiamlookingfor.\n(t)(2)thisisthewatchforwhichiamlooking.(f)2.若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时用whom，不成用who或者that；指物时用which，不克不及用that；(1)themanwithwhomyoutalkedismyfriend.(t)(2)themanwho/thatyoutalkedwithismyfriend.(f)(3)theplaneinwhichweflewtocanadaisverycomfortable.(t)(4)theplaneinthatweflewintocanadaisverycomfortable.(f)3.“介词+关系代词”前可有some,any,none,both,all,neither,most,each,few等代词或者数词(1)helovedhisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.(2)inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.(3)therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.解答"介词+关系代词"类型的定语从句题时，关键在于分析定语从句中的谓语动词（该动词是不及物动词）习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用.这就需要同学们在平时学习时要注\n重某些不及物动词和介词惯用的情形，并要矫捷运用.例如：inthedarkstreet,therewasn'tasingleperson________shecouldturnforhelp.a.thatb.whoc.fromwhomd.towhom简析:本题定语从句中的turn与介词to构成固定短语"turntosb.forhelp(向或人求助）".所以，d是正确选项.定语从句练习操练(一)请分析一下定语从句：(请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1.CheckthewaysyoustudyforanEnglishtest.2.AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.3.Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.二、用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose\n1.Thisistheman________wantstoseeyou.2.Thestudent___________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.4.Theman___________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.8.Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.9.Hereisthepen_________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.10.Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.三、单项选择()1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose()2Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.A.whoseB.who’sC.it'sD.its\n()3Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which()4.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat()5.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who6.—WhereistheSchoolEnglishSpeechContestgoingtobeheldtonight?—I’mnotsure.Isitinthehall_____canhold300people?A.whereB.whatC.thatD.when7.—Whatkindofmoviesdoyoulike?—Ilikemovies_______scarymonsters.A.whichhasB.thathaveC.whathasD.whyhave8.Doyouknowtheman______istalkingtoMissWu?\nA.heB.whomC.whoD.which9.—Whichisyournewneighbor,LiuHua?—Theman_______T-shirtisred.A.thatB.whoC.whichD.whose10.—Doyouknowthegirl_______istalkingwithourteacher?—Oh,she’smysister.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.where11.People______overweightneedmorewaterthanthinpeople.A.whoisB.whichareC.thatisD.whoare12.Sorry,wedonthavethecoat________youneed.A.whatB.whoC.whomD.which13.Thisisthedictionary________Mumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom14.Doyouknowtheman________issittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom\n15.Thebook________heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A./B.whyC.whenD.what状语从句专练Ⅰ.选择填空：1.Themancan’tgetonthebusbecausethere________noroomonit.A.wasB.isC.areD.were2.Iwaslisteningtothemusic________therewasaknockatthedoor.A.whileB.whenC.becauseD.until3.Idon’tknowifhe________tomorrow,ifhe_________,I’llmeethim.A.willcome,comesB.comes,comesC.willcome,willcomeD.come,willcome4Theteacherunderstandsthat________Mathshadalwaysbeeneasyforhim,itisnoteasyforthestudents.sinceB.unlessC.thoughD.when5.________Iread,themoreIunderstand.A.ThemoreB.SomuchC.HowmuchD.Forall\n6.WouldyougiveJohnnythisletterifyou________toseehimthisweek.A.willhappenB.happenC.arehappenedD.happened7.Shewasbusy,________shecouldn’tgotoyourbirthdaypartylastnight.A.andB.soC.orD.but8.Englishis________ausefullanguage________itisspokeninmanycountriesoftheworld.A.so⋯thatB.such⋯thatC.so⋯becauseD.such⋯because9.Youwillsucceedifyou________harder.A.willworkB.won’tworkC.workD.don’twork10.Writeclearly________yourteachercanunderstandyoucorrectly.A.sinceB.forC.becauseD.sothat11.Hisbrotherhasworkedthere________heleftschool.whenB.afterC.sinceD.until\n12.Theboydidn’tstoptalking________thesecondbellrang.whenB.untilC.afterD.because13.Heranasfastaspossible________hecouldreachschoolontime.inordertoB.soastoC.whenD.sothat初中宾语从句操练题1.Idon'tknow_________hewillcometomorrow._________hecomes,I'lltellyou．A.if;WhetherB.whether;WhetherC.if;ThatD.if;If2.Couldyoutellme_________thenearesthospitalis?A.whatB.howC.whetherD.where3.Doyouknowwhere_________now?A.helivesB.doesheliveC.helivedD.didhelive4.Doyouknowwhattime_________?A.thetrainleaveB.doesthetrainleaveC.willthetrainleaveD.thetrainleaves\n5.Shewantedtoknow______hermotherlikedthepresent.6.Doyouknow________hasbeenselectedtoattend(参与)themeeting?A．whoB.howC.whyD.that7.know____hedoesn’twanttotakepartintheproject.A.whoB.whatC.thatD.whose8.Shedoesn’tknow______tostayornot.A.whetherB.ifC.whyD.what9.Theteachertoldmethatlight_______fasterthansound.A.traveledB.istravelingC.hadtraveledD.travels10.Iwillfindout_________.A.whyishelateB.whyisn’thelateC.whylateheisD.whyheislate