人教版高中英语必修 6页

必修二Unit5Music1.rollv.滚动；（使）摇摆n.卷，团常用搭配：rollover打滚，翻身；----Irolledoverinbedandcouldn’tgettosleeplastnight.rollup卷起；到达；出现----Herolledupthemap.rollon/by(时间)流逝---Theyearsrolledon.bigroll（美）大叠的钞票；巨额rollin大量涌入，不期然到达2.folkadj.民间的----folksong民歌n.①人，人们（集合名词）----Theyarethebestfolk(s)onearth.他们是天底下最好的人。②(pl.)家属，亲人，（尤指）爸妈----Howareyourfolks?你爸妈好吗？3.matchv.与。。。。相配；在。。。方面与。。。匹敌=gowith----Hisclothesdon’tmatch/gowithhisage.----Noonecanmatchhiminknowledgeofclassicalmusic.n.比赛；火柴；相配物----Theyplayedafootballmatchagainstanotherschool.4.Haveyoueverdreamedofplayinginfrontofthousandsofpeopleataconcert,…..?dreamof梦想常用结构：dreamof/about(doing)sth.梦想/见做……----Idreamtaboutflyinglastnight.dreama...dream做……梦5.Doyousingkaraokeandpretendyouareafamoussinger…?pretendvt.假装；假扮常用结构：pretendsth.伪称某事物(尤用做借口)----Hepretendedaheadacheyesterday.pretendtodo...假装做……----Wemustn'tpretendtoknowwhatwedon'tknow.pretendtobe＋n.(adj.)假装是……----Hepretendedtobedeadwhenhemetabear.pretendtobedoing...假装正在做……pretendtohavedone...假装已做……pretendthat…假装……6.Tobehonest,alotofpeopleattachgreatimportancetobecomingrichandfamous.(1)honestadj.诚实的dishonestadj.不诚实的honestyn.忠实常用结构：tobehonest说实在的；实话说honestlyspeaking老实说behonestwith对…说老实话,对某人以诚相待----Iwillbehonestwithyou.behonestaboutsth.关于某事对……坦诚behonestindoingsth.在做某事方面坦诚Itishonestofsb.todosth.……在干……方面诚实Itishonestofyoutotellthetruth.(2)attachvt.&vi.系上；缚上；附加；连接；认为有(重要性等)attachedadj.依恋的，留恋的attachmentn.[C]附件;[C，U]依恋；眷恋；深爱常用结构：attach...to(为介词)...附上；连接；系上；把……归于……----Iattachedawiretotheradio.attachoneselfto依附;参加(党派等)beattachedto热爱；依恋;附属于----Thishospitalisattachedtothemedicalcollegenearby.attachtosb./sth.与……有联系，与……有关联---Noblameattachestohimfortheaccident.attachimportance/significance/valuetosth.认为某事物重要/有意义/有重要价值----Sheattachesgreatimportancetotheregularexercise.7.Butjusthowdopeopleformaband?formvt.&vi.形成；组织；养成；培养n.形式；表格；形状，外形；状况；精神常用结构：form(＝setup)aclub成立俱乐部formagoodhabit养成好习惯formthehabitof＝fall/getintothehabitof养成……的习惯fillintheform填表格intheformof以……的形式in/outofform状况良好/不佳inanyform以任何形式taketheformof…采取…的形式----Thisdiseasetakestheformofhighfeverandsickness.forminto使成(某种形状);编成(队、列、组)---Theteacherformedthestudentsintoaline.易混辨异:form,build,found,putup,setup(1)form构成；形成，强调所构成的东西必须具有外形或具有一定的结构或包含设计工作。(2)build表示“建设，建造”，既可接具体事物名词，亦可接抽象事物名词。\n(3)found意为“创立，创建”，指创立组织、机构、国家等，既接具体事物名词也接抽象事物名词。(4)putup搭起；竖起；建立，多接具体事物名词。(5)setup搭起，建起；创立，建立，可接具体或抽象事物名词。8.Sometimestheymayplaytopasser-byinthestreetorsubwaysothattheycanearnsomeextramoney….(1)earnvt.赚；挣得；获利；赢得；获得常用结构:earnone’sliving=makealiving谋生earnmoney=makemoney挣钱earnagoodreputation赢得一个好名声易混辨异:earn,gain,win(1)earn指经过艰苦的努力而获得报酬，其宾语一般是金钱或荣誉。(2)gain指通过斗争、竞争或劳动达到目的，获得优势，其宾语多为优势、经验等。(3)win指在竞争中获胜，其宾语多为比赛、竞赛等。(2)extraadj.额外的，特别的----Idon’tthinkheneedsanyextrahelp.adv.特别的，非常的----Iboughtthispictureatanextrahighprice.9.Latertheymaygiveperformancesinpubsorclubs,forwhichtheyarepaidincash.(1)performvt.&vi表演；履行；执行performancen.履行，执行；表演performern.执行者；表演者常用结构:performone'spromise守信；履行诺言performduty尽职performapartin...在……中扮演角色performanexperiment做实验give/putonaperformance演出(2)pay(sb.)incash以现金支付pay(sb.)bycheque/credit用支票付款/用信用卡付款10.ItwascalledtheMonkeesandbeganasaTVshow.begin/startas作为。。。开始常用结构:begin/starttodo/doingsth.开始做。。。tobeginwith首先，第一（单独使用，作状语）atthebeginningof在。。。开始注意：begin和start若用进行时态时，其后跟不定式，不跟动名词。另外，start还有“发动，启动”之意。Itwasbeginning/startingtorainwhenIarrived.当我到达时，天开始下雨。Thecarwon’tstart.这车老是发动不起来。11.Themusiciansweretoplayjokesoneachotheraswellasplaymusic,mostofwhichwasbasedlooselyontheBeatles.(1)playjokes/ajokeon戏弄……；和……开玩笑相关短语：makeajoke/jokesaboutsb./sth.关于某人/某事说笑话laughat嘲笑playtricksonsb.＝makefunofsb.和……开玩笑；捉弄某人(2)bebasedon基于…，以…为根据----Hisargumentisbasedonfacts.base....on把。。。作为某物的根据/基础---Thewriterbasedhisbookonatruestory.词汇扩展：base基地，基础（指具体）basis根据，基础（指抽象）basicadj.基础的，基本的12.Theyputanadvertisementinanewspaperlookingforrockmusicians,..../lookingforrockmusicians为现在分词短语作定语修饰advertisement.(1)现在分词短语作定语可表示经常性的动作或现在的状态。----TherearethreetypesoftigerlivinginChinaatpresent.(2)可表示正在进行的动作或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。----Doyouknowthemansittingthere?13.Assomeoftheseactorscouldnotsingwellenough,theyhadtorelyonothermusicianstohelpthem.relyon(1)依靠，依赖relyonone'sownefforts依靠自己的努力(2)信任，依赖relyon/uponsb.todosth.指望某人做某事relyon/upon(sb.)doingsth.相信某人会做某事relyon/uponitthat...相信……(事情)，指望……14.Theyweresopopularthattheirfansformedclubsinordertogetmorefamiliarwiththem.familiaradj.熟悉的；常见的；通晓的；亲密的(1)befamiliarwith对……熟悉。其主语通常是指“人”的名词；with后的宾语是主语所通晓的事物。(2)befamiliarto为……所熟悉。其主语通常是人们所通晓的人或事物，to后的宾语常是指“人”的名词。15.orso大约16.Thebandbrokeupabout1970,.....breakup①解体\n②融化----Theicewillbreakupwhenthewarmweathercomes.③驱散---Thepolicecameandbrokeupthecrowd.④结束，散会；----Themeetingbrokeupateleveno'clock.⑤分解----Aunityinvariablytendstobreakupintodifferentparts.⑥(关系)破裂-----Theirmarriageisbreakingup.⑦（学校或学生）放假---It'sthelastweekbeforetheybreakup拓展：breakawayfrom脱离breakdown（化学上）分解，出毛病，(计划、谈判)失败；(谈话、通讯)中断breakinto闯入breakin强行进入，插话breakoff打断，折断breakout爆发，发生(不用于被动语态)breakthrough突破17.ThefirstTVshowwasabighit.hitn.轰动（或风行）一时的人或者是物，成功；打击----makeahit（withsb）给予某人良好的印象v.打，打击；碰撞;使遭受(自然灾害，损失，痛苦等);达到，碰到，猜中；突然想起----hitsbonthehead打某人的脑袋hiton/upon偶然发现，忽然想到hittheceiling/roof勃然大怒18.inaddition此外inadditionto除…之外----JohnspentmostofhistimepracticingspeakingEnglishinadditiontohissparetime即境活用________therisingbirthrateandimmigration,thedecliningdeathratealsoresultedinthepopulationgrowth.A．InadditiontoB．IntermsofC．InconsequenceofD．Inspiteof[解析]inadditionto除了……之外。intermsof就……而言；inconsequenceof结果；inspiteof尽管。[答案]A19.sortn.种类------Allsortsofwayshavebeentried.sortof有几分，有点，有些，在一定程度上v.①整理，分类-----Heissortingstampsthathehascollected.他正在整理收集的邮票。②弄清楚，解决-----Haveyousortedouthowtogetthereyet?你已经弄清楚如何去那儿了吗？sortout分类相关短语：lookout当心;pickout挑选出;sellout卖光;putout扑灭;wearout穿坏;carryout执行;takeout取出;tryout试试;findout查明;goout外出;熄灭;cutout删除(2012济南一中月考)Ithinkwe’ve ourdifficultieswiththeprinter.A.takenout　　B.cutoutC.wornout　　D.sortedout【答案与解析】D　考查动词短语辨析。此处sortout意为“处理;解决”。20.mixv.①混合，惨杂----Wecansometimesmixbusinesswithpleasure.②（指人）交往，相处----Tellthemnottomixwithdoubtfulcompany.告诉他们不要和不三不四的人来往。mixup混合；把（某人）搞糊涂，分不清；混同21.NotlongafterFreddyandthebandbecamefamous,theyvisitedBritainonabrieftour.briefadj.暂时的，短的，简短的----Thechapterisverybrief.n.摘要，概要----Thebriefofthetextistoosimple.相关短语：inbrief简言之tobebrief简单地说22.Freddywasnowquiteconfidentwhenhewentintothehall.confidentadj.确信的，有自信的相关短语：beconfident+从句对……有信心----Heisquiteconfidentthathe’llpassthedrivingtext.beconfidentof(about,in)对……有信心----Don’tbetooconfidentinyourownopinion.confidencen.信心inconfidence秘密地showconfidencein…对。。。有信心23.Thenthingswentwrong,Freddyandhisbandcouldnotgooutwithoutbeingfollowed.（1）go用作系动词，表示“保持，处于某种状态”，往往指从好的方面向坏的方面转化。与go连用的形容词还有bad,angry,blind,mad,hungry,crazy,wild等。gowrong……出了毛病。=Somethingiswrongwith…=Thereissomethingwrongwith…----Mywatchwentwrongyesterday.（2）not…without双重否定结构，否定词也可用no,never,hardly,rarely,neither,none等。----Wecanneverenterthelabwithoutbeingpermittedbytheteacher.没有老师的允许我们不能进实验室。24.Theirpersonallifewasregularlydiscussedbypeoplewhodidnotknowthembuttalkedasiftheywereclosefriends.asif/though“好像，似乎”；可引导状语从句。如果从句叙述的不是事实或不可能发生，从句往往用虚拟语气，从句的动词形式有三类：\n①如果从句动词动作与主句动词动作在时间上是同时发生的，从句动词用一般过去时（be动词用were）;----Hetalksasifheknewwhereshewas．②如果从句动词动作在时间上早于主句动词动作发生，从句动词用过去完成时；----HetalksaboutRomeasifhehadbeentherebefore．③如果从句动词动作在时间上比与主句动词动作要晚发生，从句动词用might/could/would+do.----HetalkstousasifhewouldflytotheMars.注意：（1）asif可用在look,seem等系动词后引导表语从句。如：Shelooksasifsheweretenyearsyounger．她看起来好像年轻了十岁。（2）asif还可用于省略句中如果asif引导的从句是“主语＋系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样asif后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。如：Heactsasif（hewas）afool．他做事像个傻子。Tomraisedhishandsasif（hewasgoing）tosaysomething．汤姆举起手好像要说什么。Shelefttheroomhurriedlyasif（shewas）angry．她匆忙离开房间好像生气的样子。（3）asif从句用陈述语气的情况。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。如：Itsoundsasifitisraining．听起来像是在下雨。25.Atlastfeelingveryupsetandsensitive,Freddyandhisbandrealizedthattheymustleavethecountrybeforeitbecametoopainfulforthem.（1）sensitiveadj.敏感的；灵敏的；易受伤害的n．感觉；感官；意义adj.明智的；合理的sensitive强调感觉的敏锐激烈，后接介词to或aboutbesensitiveto...对……敏感/过敏sensibleadj.有判断力的，明智的，察觉的,多于介词of搭配besensibleofsth.觉察到某事sensen.感觉，官能；意识，观念；理性；识别力inasense从某种意义上来说innosense决不makesense有意义；能理解；合情合理的makesenseof理解；明白；弄懂（2）before做连词表示时间时，根据其在句中的实际情况，译法有多种，具体可译为：①在……之前-----WelivedinParisbeforemovingtoLondon.我们搬到伦敦之前住在巴黎。②……(之后)才……----ItwasalongtimebeforeIgottosleepagain.很长一段时间之后我才重新入睡。③(不多久)就……----Itwasn’tlongbeforeshecameback.不久她就回来了。④以免……----Lockyourbikebeforeitgetsstolen.锁好你的自行车，以免被偷。⑤还没来得及……就……---BeforeJohnstoppedher,sheranout.约翰还没来得及阻止她，她就跑了出去。⑥(宁愿……)也不愿……----I’dshootmyselfbeforeIapologizedtoher.我宁死也不向她道歉。26．aboveall首先；最重要的是；特别是；尤其＝mostimportantofall(强调地位上的重要性)相关短语：firstofall“首先，第一”，强调顺序atall根本，全然inall总共，共计afterall终究，毕竟allinall总之27.Musicismorethanjustsound.数词，“……以上；多于……”，等于over----Bythenhewasmorethanfifty.名词，“不仅仅；不只；超过；远不止”---Peaceismuchmorethantheabsenceofwar.morethan动词，“十分；大大地；远远地；不仅仅”---Hemorethansmiled;helaughedout....can/could＋v.“不能”----That'smorethanIcantellyou.adj./adv.，“非常；十分；更加”----Heismorethanselfish.拓展：(1)more＋adj./n.＋than＋adj./n..与其说……倒不如说…(2)nomorethan＋num.＝only仅仅(3)notmorethan＋num.＝atmost至多(4)nomore＋adj./adv.＋than...和……一样不……(5)notmore＋adj./adv.＋than...不如……(6)morethanone“不止一个”，做主语或修饰主语时，谓语动词用单数。28.while用法总结(1)while用作并列连词，构成并列句，意为“然而，但是”，相当于andthen/but,强调前后两种情况的对比和转折，此时，while一般位于句中。----Somepeoplewastefoodwhileothershaven'tenough.(2)while用作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“当……的时候；和……同时”，此时的主从句谓语动作同时发生，从句谓语通常是延续性动词。-----Whileshewaslisteningtotheradio，shefellasleep.她听着收音机睡着了。(3)while引导从句时，如果主从句的主语一致，且从句谓语又含有be,则从句主语和be可以省略。while后可直接跟现在分词、名词、形容词或介词短语。\n(4)while引导让步状语从句，常放在句首，意为“尽管”，比although或though语气轻。----Whileheloveshisstudents，heisverystrictwiththem..虽然他爱他的学生，可是他对他们很严格。(5)while引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”，其意思和用法相当于aslongas。while可位于句首，也可位于句中。---Whilethereislifethereishope.只要生命存在，就有希望。【易错提示】while引导时间状语从句时，后跟延续性动词；when引导时间状语从句时，可以跟延续性动词，也可以跟短暂性动词。例如：①When/WhileIwasinjuniormiddleschool,IlikedEnglishverymuch.我上初中时非常喜欢英语。②Whenheentered,IwaswatchingTV.当他进来时我正在看电视(不能用while)。即境活用16　Tomlikesplayingchess________hissisterenjoysplayingthepiano.A．untilB．beforeC．whileD．after[解析]while用于前后两者的对比转折，意为“然而”。[答案]C介词+关系代词引导的定语从句介词+关系代词引导的定语从句，是学习定语从句的难点之一，是高考命题的重要考点常使用的关系代词一般为which,whom,whose,即可以引导限制性，也可以引导非限制性定语从句【点拨】考生复习备考中需要注意如下几点：1.单个介词+关系代词常用关系代词whom,which介词确定方法1）依据从句中动词、形容词、名词、介词短语的固定搭配而定；2）依据先行词与句中与动词的搭配而定Thetwothingsofwhichtheyfeltveryproudwerehismarksandhearth.他们引以为自豪的事情是他的成绩和健康2．复杂介词+关系代词常用关系代词whom,which，whose常用复杂介词Asaresultof,atthebackof,becauseof,infrontofTheyarrivedatasmallhouse,infrontofwhichsatasmallboy.他们来到一家农舍，前边坐着一个小男孩Isawaman,ontheheadofwhomstoodabird.我看到一个人，他头上站着一只鸟3.单个介词+关系代词+名词常用关系代词which，whose介词确定方法根据介词与关心代词后的名词的搭配习惯用法确定HelivedinLondonfor3months,duringwhichtimehelearnedsomeEnglish.Thedriverwasthemanfromwhoseroomshehadstolenthemaps.4.the+名词+of+关系代词常用关系代词whom,which意义特点结构中的名词和后面的关系代词存在所属关系RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,thepriceofwhich（＝whoseprice）wasveryreasonable.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,ofwhichthesailingtimewas226days.5.部分词汇/结构+of+关系代词常用关系代词whom,which常用词汇/结构1）all,both,none,neither,either,many,most,few,several,enough,half,some,any,one,two,three2）数词（基数词、序数词、百分数、分数）+名词3）The+形容词最高级/比较级Thisisthebestwayinwhichhecanrememberthewords.这是他记住单词的最好方法【典型例题】1.Inthedarkstreet,therewasn’tasingleperson_____shecouldturnforhelp.A.that　B.who　C.fromwhom　D.towhom【解析】D考查介词+关系代词用法。依据turntosb.forhelp固定结构，表示“向某人求助”可知答案2.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.A.whichprice　　　　　　B.itspriceC.thepriceofwhichD.thepriceofwhose【解析】C考查the+名词+of+关系代词的用法。按照“the+名词+of+关系代词”结构排除。hepriceofwhich＝whose\nprice=ofwhichtheprice。3.Thejourneyaroundtheworldtooktheoldsailorninemonths,_______thesailingtimewas226days.A.ofwhichB.duringwhichC.fromwhichD.forwhich【解析】A考查介词+关系代词的用法。关系代词which指代thejourney,定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：Thesailingtimeofthejourneywas226days.【语法专练】1.Theschoolsthemselvesadmitthatnotallchildrenwillbesuccessfulinthejobs______theyarebeingtrained.A.inthatB.forthatC.inwhichD.forwhich2.China’spopulationisexpectedtoincreasetoabout1.5billionin2040,after____itwillstarttodeclineslowly.A.whereB.whichC.whenD.that3.Ihavemanyfriends,somearebusinessmen.A.ofthemB.fromwhichC.whoofD.ofwhom4.Bungeejumpingisanadventuroussport,popularwithyoungadults,______couragemattersmorethanstrength.A.whoseB.thatC.ofwhichD.where5.Asurveywascarriedoutonthedeathrateofnew-bornbabiesinthatregion,____weresurprising.A.asresultsB.whichresultsC.theresultsofitD.theresultsofwhich.6.Thehotel___youarethinking,Kate,istoodirty,I’mafraid.A.thatB.whichC.inwhichD.ofwhich7.Thereisanunpleasantsubject____wemightargueforalongtime.A.inwhichB.withthemC.aboutwhichD.withit8.Lastweek,onlytwopeoplecametolookatthehouse,____wantedtobuyit.A.noneofthemB.bothofthemC.noneofwhomD.neitherofwhom