高中英语试讲教案 20页

TheAttributiveClause-RelativePronoun定语从句之关系代词\n一、定语从句分类TheRestrictiveAttributiveClause限制性定语从句e.g.Theoldladywholivesnexttoussellsbooks.TheNon-RestrictiveAttributiveClause非限制性定语从句e.g.MrWang,whoiskind,ispopularwiththestudents.\n二、定语从句结构先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。e.g.Theoldladywholivesnexttoussellsbooks.（先行词）关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。e.g.Theoldladywholivesnexttoussellsbooks.YoushoulddoallthatIsaid.IhavefoundtheteatherwhomIamlookingfor.Ivisitedthefactorywheremyfatherworks.（关系词）\n三、关系词分类关系代词：that,which,who,whom,whose,as关系副词：when,where,why\n四、关系词的作用引导定语从句代替先行词在定语从句中担当一个成分e.g.Theoldladywholivesnexttoussellsbooks.主句：Theoldladysellsbooks从句：wholivesnexttous\n五、关系代词引导的定语从句—whowho指人，在定语从句中作主语，既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。Theboys()areplayingfootballarefromClassOne.Those()wanttogotothemuseummustbeattheschoolgateat7tomorrowmorning.Hismother,()loveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.whowhowho\nwhom指人，在定语从句中做宾语，常可省略。亦可引导非限制性定语从句。MrLiuistheperson()youtalkedaboutonthebus.Theprofessor()youarewaitingforhascome.注：关系代词whom在口语或非正式文体中常可用who来代替，也可省略。Theman(//)youmetjustnowismyoldfriend.五、关系代词引导的定语从句—whomwhomwhomwhomwho/\n五、关系代词引导的定语从句—whichwhich指物，在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时常可省略。既可引导限制性定语从句，又可引导非限制性定语从句。Helikestoreadbooks()arewrittenbyforeignwriters.Thefilm(/)theywenttoseelastnightwasnotinterestingatall.China,()wasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.whichwhich/which\n五、关系代词引导的定语从句—thatthat指人时，相当于who或whom；指物时，相当于which。在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时常可省略。Thenumberofpeople(/)cometovisitthiscityeachyearreachesonemillion.Whereistheman(//)Isawthismorning?Theseason(/)comesafterspringissummer.thatthatthatwhowhomwhich/\n五、关系代词引导的定语从句—whosewhose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语。亦可引导非限制性定语从句Ivisitedascientist()nameisknownalloverthecountry.Ioncelivedinthehouse()roofhasfallenin.注：指物时，常用下列结构来代替Doyoulikethebookwhosecoverisyellow?Doyoulikethebookthecoverofwhichisyellow?whosewhose\n五、关系代词引导的定语从句—as在限制性定语从句中，as在从句中可担任主语、宾语或表语。常用结构为：such...as，thesameas...，...suchas...Wehavefoundsuchmaterialsasareusedintheirfactory.Theresultisnotthesameastheyhadexpected.ThisbookisnotsuchasIexpect在限制性定语从句中，as在从句中做主语、宾语或表语，此外一些as引导定语从句已成为固定用法。Sheisverycareful,asherworkshows.AsweknowAshasbeensaidbeforeAsisknowntoallAsisoftenthecaseAsisreportedAswasexpected\n六、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，从句常常由“介词+关系代词”引出。Theschool(which/that)heoncestudiedinisveryfamous.Theschoolinwhichheoncestudiedisveryfamous.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazine(which/that)youaskedfor.TomorrowI’llbringherethemagazineforwhichyouasked.Thisistheboy(whom/who/that)Iplayedtenniswithyesterday.ThisistheboywithwhomIplayedtennisyesterday.\n七、“介词+关系代词”注意事项含有介词的短语动词一般不拆开，介词仍放在短语动词的后面。如：lookfor,lookafter,takecareof等。Thisisthewatch(which/that)Iamlookingfor.ThisisthewatchforwhichIamlooking.Thebabies(whom/who/that)thenurseislookingafterareveryhealthy.Thebabiesafterwhomthenurseislookingareveryhealthy.(×)(×)\n七、“介词+关系代词”注意事项若介词放在关系代词前，关系代词指人时只可用whom，不可用who,that；关系代词指物时只可用which，不可用that。关系代词是所有格时用whose。Themanwithwhomyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.Themanwiththat/whoyoutalkedjustnowismyneighbour.TheplaneinwhichweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.TheplaneinthatweflewtoCanadawasreallycomfortable.(×)(×)\n七、“介词+关系代词”注意事项“介词+关系代词”前还可有some,any,none,all,both,neither,many,most,each,few等代词或者数词。Heloveshisparentsdeeply,bothofwhomareverykindtohim.Inthebaskettherearequitemanyapples,someofwhichhavegonebad.Therearefortystudentsinourclassinall,mostofwhomarefrombigcities.Uptonow,hehaswrittentenstories,threeofwhichareaboutcountrylife.\n八、限制性定语从句常用that不用which的情况当先行词是all,everything,anything,nothing,much,little,none,one等不定代词时，只用that。歌诀助记：不定代词这路货，全用that准没错。Payattentiontoeverything()Ido.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时，只用that。歌诀助记：先行词前被限定，千万不要用which。Thisisthebestnovel()Ihaveread.thatthat\n八、限制性定语从句常用that不用which的情况如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。歌诀助记：两项并列人与物，引导定从用that。Theyweretalkingaboutthepersonandthings()theyrememberedinschool.当先行词被theonly,thelast,theway,thesame等修饰时。Thisisthelasttime()Ishallgiveyoualesson.thatthat\n八、限制性定语从句常用that不用which的情况在疑问词which/who开头的特殊疑问句中，为了避免重复只用that。Whichofthestudents()knowssomethingabouthistory.当被修饰的成分是数词时,（被修饰成分是代名词one，指人时除外）只用that.I’vegotone()youmightbeinterestedin.thatthat\n九、常用which不用that的情况引导非限制性定语从句。Football,()isaninterestinggame,isplayedallovertheworld.直接放在介词后作宾语时（介词+关系代词结构中）。Languageisthemostimportanttool()peoplecan'tcommunicatewitheachother.whichwithoutwhich\nThankyouforyourtime!