高中英语特殊句式 39页

倒装句反意疑问句插入语强调句型感叹句省略句特殊句式\n倒装完全倒装部分倒装谓语部分全部提前到主语之前只将助动词、系动词或者情态动词提前到主语之前\n完全倒装1.here,there,now,thus,then位于句首，动词又为be,go,come等，应完全倒装。来了一辆2路汽车。______________aNo.2bus.起飞的命令到了___________theordertotakeoffThencameHere2.以away,off,out,in,up,down,on等方位副词开头，且动词为表“移动”的词：go,come,leave,fly,rush,fall,drop等,用全部倒装冲出了一条狗_____________adog.Outrushedcomes\n(09福建）Foramomentnothinghappened.Then____allshoutingtogether.A.voiceshadcomeB.camevoicesC.voiceswouldcomeD.didvoicescomeB\n3.当表示地点的介词词组位于句首，并且主语为名词，谓语为不及物动词时，用完全倒装。1.Inthedarkforests_______,somelargeenoughtoholdseveralEnglishtowns.(2005辽宁,35)A.standmanylakesB.liemanylakesC.manylakeslieD.manylakesstandB唐山的南面有一个大湖泊。SouthofTangshanliesabiglake.\n4.完全倒装也用于“表语+连系动词+主语”中。注意：这种结构中主语较长e.g.妇女被看不起的日子一去不复返了______________thedayswhenwomenwerelookeddownupon.Goneare完全倒装中应注意的是：1)当主语为代词时动词不提前！Outrushedhe!2)只用一般现在时或一般过去时Correctthefollowing:Outherushed!Therewasthetraingoing.Therewentthetrain.\n部分倒装(1)如果never,hardly,seldom,scarcely,barely,little,atnotime,notonce,bynomeans,not和notuntil等否定意义的副词或连词或短语位于句首时，要用部分倒装。NotuntilIcamehomelastnight___tobed.A.MumdidgoB.didMumgoC.wentMumD.MumwentB2)我一个字没说呀NotasingleworddidIsay!(09四川）\n2.表示“刚刚…就…”Nosooner…than…,和hardly…when…,结构中，要用部分倒装。他刚刚出去就开始下雨了Hardlyhadhegoneoutwhenitbegantorain.=Nosoonerhadhegoneoutthanitbegantorain.3.Only+状语置于句首时用部分倒装。注意:only+状语从句置于句首时，其主句部分倒装Correctthefollowing:1)Onlycantheteachersentertheroom.2)Onlywhenthewarendedhewasabletowork.washe\n4.在句型“so…that…”和“such…that…”中，如果so或such提前放在句首时，前半句半倒装后半句不倒装;notonly…butalso…连接分句时，notonly所引导的分句倒装。⑴Sosudden____thattheenemyhadnotimetoescape.(09山东）A.didtheattackB.theattackdidC.wastheattackD.theattackwas⑵.Sodifficult_______ittoworkouttheproblemthatIdecidedtoaskTomforadvice.(2006广东,33)IdidfindB.didIfindC.IhavefoundD.haveIfoundCB3)Notonlyeverythingwastakenfromhim,butalsohisGermancitizenship.改错waseverything\n5.在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，可表语，动词状语提前，若从句的表语是名词，其名词前不加任何冠词。⑴.______,hetalksalotabouthisfavoritesingersafterclass.(2005重庆,27)AquietstudentashemaybeB.QuietstudentashemaybeC.BeaquietstudentashemaybeD.Quietashemaybeastudent⑵.______,Carolinacouldn’tgetthedooropen.(2005广东,23)A.TryasshemightB.AsshemighttryC.ShemightastryD.MightsheastryBA(3)Unsatisfied____withthepayment,hetookthejobjusttogetsomeworkexperience.(09重庆）A.thoughwasheB.thoughhewasC.hewasthoughD.washethoughB\n6.“So/neither/nor+be/助动词或情态动词+主语”构成部分倒装，表示“另一方也如此”；但是如果只把So/nor等提前构成：so/nor/neither+主语+be等，其含义为：“确实…”，所谈论的主语是同一人或物。e.g.1)他去过纽约几次，我也去过。HehasbeentoNewYorkseveraltimes.SohaveI.2)---Itissocoldtoday.---Soitisandsowasityesterday.确实冷昨天也冷\n⑴.----Iremindedyounottoforgettheappointment.(2006江西,31)----______A.SoyoudidB.SoIdonotC.SodidyouD.SodoI⑵.—Father,youpromised!(2005湖北,34)—Well,______.Butitwasyouwhodidn’tkeepyourwordfirst.A.sowasIB.sodidIC.soIwasD.soIdidAD倒装小结全部倒装1___2____3____4____部分倒装1___2____3____4____5___6____\nItis/was+被强调成分+that+句子其他部分强调句型有时态变化通常为主语、宾语和状语被强调部分为人时，可以用who去掉itis…that…句子仍然完整判断一般疑问特殊疑问\n1.Itwasinthiswaythathecouldfinishtheworksoquickly.2.ItisIthatiscompletelyright.3.ItwasafterbeingbeatenforsixtimesthatheandhismendrovetheEnglishoutofScotland.4.Itisthenthatthenewtypeofcamerawasdeveloped.5.ItweremyclassmatesthathelpedmewheneverIwasintrouble.6.Itwasthishotelthatwestayedlastnight.Judgeamwaswasat\n强调句型的一般疑问句ItwasbythetimehewasfourteenthatEinsteinhadalreadytaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.ItwasEinsteinthathadalreadytaughthimselfadvancedmathematics.WasitbythetimehewasfourteenthatEinsteinhad…?WasitEinsteinthathadalready…?\n强调句型的特殊疑问句Itwasinthiswaythathecouldfinishtheworksoquickly.Itwasthelonglowwhistlethatshewouldhearatnight.WhatItwasafterbeingbeatenforsixtimesthatheandhismendrovetheEnglishoutofScotland.______wasitthathecouldfinish…?_____wasitthatshewouldhear…?_______wasitthatheandhismendrove…?HowWhatWhen\n强调句型的特殊疑问句Wheredidyoubuythebook?Whatmadethelittleboysoangry?Idon’tknowwhat…….Wherewasitthatyouboughtthebook?Whatwasitthatmadethelittleboysoangry?Idon’tknowwhatitwasthatmadethelittleboysoangry.\nItwasnotuntilshegothome___Jenniferrealizedshehadlostherkeys.(2006全国II）A.whenB.thatC.whereD.beforeItwasafterhegotwhathehaddesired____herealizeditwasnotsoimportant.(2006辽宁）A.thatB.whenC.sinceD.asIt___wehadstayedtogetherforacoupleofweeks___Ifoundwehadalotincommon.(07)wasuntil;whenB.wasuntil;thatC.wasn’tuntilwhenD.wasn’tuntil;thatBAD\n---Wheredidyougettoknowher?---Itwasonthefarm____weworked.(07山东）A.thatB.thereC.whichD.whereIdon’tknow____itwas____madehimfromattendingthemeeting?thereason…/B.why…becauseC.what…thatD.why…/DC\n插入语1.“主语+think(believe,say,imagine,suppose,suggest,expect,consider,guess等)”用做插入语，形式：判断准则：去掉插入语句子成分仍然完整。“do+主语+think(believe,say,imagine,suppose,suggest,expect,consider等)”在特殊疑问句中放在疑问词后用做插入语，\n--Do___youthinkisright,whateverotherssay.--Yes,Iwill.A.thatB.whatC.whichD./去掉插入语后，看从句中缺少什么成分再进行选择肯定句B\n疑问句注意插入语后不再加连词。1.你认为他们什么时候回来？Whendoyoubelievetheywillbeback?改错1）Whodoyoubelievethatwillwinthegame?2)Thescientisthadmadeanotherdiscovery,whatIbelieveisofgreatimportance.which定语从句中也常用插入语，注意结构分析\nAllfinished,wesatdowntoenjoy__wethoughtthemostdeliciousdinner.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.ifWheredoyousuggestwe(should)goduringthesummerholiday?注意：当插入语部分含有suggest时，句子的谓语部分要用shoulddo,should可以省略。请注意C\n1.Hewasafooltohaveeverleftthem,hethought.2.Whatisit,doyouthink?3.Itmustcostagooddealtolivehere,don’tyouthink?4.Theviewheputforward,Ithink,isworthpayingattentionto.其他形式的插入语Readthefollowing\n1.ThepenI____I____isonmydesk,rightundermynose.A.think,lostB.thought,hadlostC.think,hadlostD.thought,havelost2.OnthebusIsawastudent____Ithoughtwasyourbrother.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whoeverPracticeBA\n3._____firstintheswimmingcompetition?A.WhomdoyouthinkcameB.WhoyouthinkdidcomeC.WhodoyouthinkcameoutD.Whodidyouthinkcome4.____besenttoworkthere?A.WhodoyousuggestB.WhodoyousuggestthatshouldC.DoyousuggestwhoshouldD.DoyousuggestwhomshouldCA\n感叹句感叹句是表示喜、怒、哀、乐等感情的句子。一般由how或what开头。用what\how填空，然后归纳句型结构：_____newsyouhavetoldus!2._____greatprogresshehasmade!3._____longriverstheyare!4.____atalltreeitis!5.______deepaholethisis!6._____deliciousthefoodis!7._____sadthenewsis!WhatWhatWhatHowHowHowWhat8.____Iloveyou---beautifulgirl!How\n归纳：1.What可以修饰？？？？so/too/as/howsuch2.what的结构用法和_____一样？1）U2)C3)pl4)a/an+N3.How在感叹句中的用法有??4.与how的结构用法相似的有??Translatethefollowing:1）这棵树太高了爬不上去Thisistootallatreetoclimb.2）这条河流和那条一样长。Thisisaslongariverasthatone.3)他是如此努力的学生，我们都佩服他。Sohardworkingastudentishethatweadmirehim.\n反意疑问句1)YouandIcouldhardlyworktogether,_____?A.couldyouB.couldn’tIC.couldn’tweD.couldwe(09湖南)D2)Hemustbehelpingtheoldmantowatertheflowers,______?A.isheB.isn’theC.mustheD.mustn’theB\n反意疑问句完成句子并归纳用法：YouhaveneverreadMarkTwain’sstories,__________?Hehasfewfriendshere,_________?Helookunhappytoday,___________?Youdislikefootball,___________?归纳一：陈述部分带有否定意义的词时，视为否定句，如:seldom/never/hardly/rare/nothing/little/few等，附加部分用肯定形式。但是带有通过加后缀，前缀构成的否定意义的词时，视为肯定句，附加部分用否定形式。haveyouhashedoesn’thedon’tyou\nComeinandsitdown,______________?Givemeahand,_______________?Don’tmakesomuchnoise,__________?Letushaveanothertry,_________?但是：Let’stakeabreak,__________?will/won’tyouwill/won’tyouwillyouwillyoushallwe归纳二:肯定形式的祁使句,+willyou或won’tyou?否定形式的祁使句,+willyou?\nHesaidthathewaslateforschoolthismorning,__________?2.Tomdidn’tturnupuntilwewereabouttoleave,________?3.It’sthefirsttimethathehasvisitedBeijing,________?但是:Ibelieve/think/suppose/imagine/expectthathehastoldalie,_________?didn’thedidheisn’tithasn’the归纳三:在主从复合句中,附加部分应根据主句部分确定．但在Ibelieve/think/suppose/imagine/expect/Iamsure等主从复合句中，根据从句确定．注意:主语必须是I/we和否定转移.\n情态动词表推测时的反意疑问句:Hemustbeadoctor,_______?Hemusthavereadthebook,__________?Hemusthaveseenthefilmlastnight,_________?Youmusthavestayedhereforfivedays,____________?Themanmusthavebeenasoldierwhenhewasyoung,__________?isn’thehasn’thedidn’thehaven’tyou归纳四：must表推测时，附加部分视具体情况而定．要特别注意must后跟的动词,be还是do.wasn’the\n省略省略可分词法、句法和替代三种形式一、词法省略：改错：IhadagoodtimeatMrSmith.1.名词所有格后的名词指商店、住宅、办公室等地点时可以省略这些名词Theteachercamein,abookinhand2.独立结构中常用“名词+介词+名词”的结构Smith’sTherainyweatherhaslastedawholeweek√3.last“持续”，时间状语前可省介词for。\n4.动词不定式中注意：1）并列结构中为了避免重复常省略to。2）当两个不定式有对照或对比时则后一个to不省。3）在why,whynot所引导的特殊疑问句中省略to,而直接加动词原形。4)介词but或except前如有do/does/did包括do的完成形式时，省略but后的to。改错：a:I’mreallypuzzledwhattothinkortosay.b:Icamenottoscoldbutpraiseyou.toc:Whytalkedsomuchaboutit?talkd:IwilldoitforyoubutIdon’tknowhowto.√=…Idon’tknowhowtodoitforyou.e:Hehasnochoicebutacceptthefact.tof:Ihavedonenothingtodayexcepttoread.\n承前省略的动词不定式如果有助动词have或be，则保留be或have。Readandpayattentiontothefollowing:1)---Areyouateacher?---No,butIusedtobe(ateacher).2)---Hehasn’tfinishedtheworkyet.---Well,heoughttohave(finishedthework).\n二、句法的省略请分析下面例句可以省略什么。1)Hehasgonebutnooneknowswherehehasgone..2)SomeonehastakenmydictionarybutIdon’tknowwhohastakenit..3)IdidasIhadbeentold.4)Hermouthismovingasifsheiseatingsomething.5)WhileIwaswaiting,Iwasreadingabook.分析总结：1.wh-clause所引导的宾语从句中的谓语与主句相同，则从句中可以只保留wh-连词。2）状语从句中的主语和主句的一致或从句的主语是it，且含be时，可省从句中的主语和“be”。6)Ifitispossible,comeandseemenextweek.\n三、替代省略：用so,not或it代替，而省略上文某些内容。常见的有下列：Howso?Whyso?Isthatso?Idon’tthinkso.Hesaidso.IbelievenotIhopenotIsupposenot…somuchfortoday!Bye-bye!\n知识回顾KnowledgeReview