高中英语常用句型 28页

高中英语主要句型55金陵中学高三英语备课组2010.05.26\n一、以形式主语it引导的句型。句型1.It(so)happened（chanced）that+clause.=sb.happened/chancedtodosth.=sb.didsth.bychance.如：IthappenedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere.当我到那儿时，碰巧他不在。＝HehappenedtobeoutwhenIgotthere.=ItchancedthathewasoutwhenIgotthere=HewasoutbychancewhenIgotthere.\n句型2.Itseemsthatsb.do/bedoing/havedone/haddone=Sb.seemstodo/bedoing/havedone/tobedone/tohavebeendone（还有动词appear等可这样使用）如:ItseemedthathehadbeentoBeijingbefore.他好象以前去过北京。＝HeseemedtohavebeentoBeijingbefore.\n句型3.Itis/was＋被强调的部分＋that(who)+剩余的部分.如：Itwasn'tuntilhecamebackthatIwenttobed.直到他回来我才睡觉。(一定要注意被强调句型中的谓语动词否定的转移)。Itwasbecausehewasillthathedidn'tcometoschooltoday.只因为他有病了今天没有来上学。（只能用because而不能用for,as或since）ItisIwhoamastudent.我确实是个学生。（句中am不能用are来代替。）\n句型4.Itishightime(time/abouttime)+(that)主语＋shoulddo/did+其它。（从句中的谓语动词用的是虚拟语气。）如:Itishightimethatweshouldgo/wenthome.我们该回家了。\n句型5.Itis/wassaid(reported…)＋that+从句.如：Itwassaidthathehadreadthisnovel.据说他读过这篇小说。＝Hewassaidtohavereadthisnovel.句型6.Itisimpossible/necessary/strange…thatclause.(从句中的谓语用should＋do/shouldhavedone，其形式是虚拟语气。)如：Itisstrangethatheshouldhavefailedinthisexam.真奇怪，他这次考试没有及格。\n句型7.Itis+apity/ashame…thatclause.(注意从句中的谓语动词用shoulddo或shouldhavedone的形式，但should可以省略。)如：Hedidn'tcomebackuntilthefilmended.Itwasapitythatheshouldhavemissedthisfilm.他直到电影结束才回来。他没有看到这部电影真可惜。句型8.Itissuggested/ordered/commanded/…that+clause.(从句的谓语动词用shoulddo,但should可以省略。)如：Itissuggestedthatthemeetingshouldbeputoff.有人建议推迟会议。\n句型9.Itis/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如：ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.请比较：ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.(后一句是强调句型。)句型10.Itis/was+表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如：Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.请比较：Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.\n句型9.Itis/was＋表示地点的名词＋where+从句。（注意本句不是强调句型，而是以where引导的定语从句。）如：ItwasthishousewhereIwasborn.请比较：ItwasinthishousethatIwasborn.(后一句是强调句型。)句型10.Itis/was+表示时间的名词＋when+从句。（注意本句型也不是强调句型，而是以when引导的定语从句。）如：Itwas1999whenhecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.请比较：Itwasin1999thathecamebackfromtheUnitedStates.\n句型11.Itiswell-knownthat＋从句。如：Itiswell-knownthatsheisalearnedwoman.众所周知，她是个知识渊博的妇女。句型12.Itis+段时间＋since+主语＋did.请比较：Itwas+段时间＋since+主语＋haddone.如：Itisfiveyearssincehelefthere.他已经离开这儿五年了。Itwasfiveyearssincehelefthere.（同上）注意下列句型的翻译:Itisfiveyearssincehelivedhere.他从这儿搬走已经有五年了。\n句型13.It+谓语＋段时间＋before+主语＋谓语.（before引导的是时间状语从句。）　如：Itwasn'tlongbeforethepeopleinthatcountryroseup.没有多久那个国家的人民就起义了。Itwillbethreehoursbeforehecomesback.三个小时之后他才能回来。句型14.Itis+形容词(possible,impossible,necessary等)＋for+sb.+todo.如：Itisimpossibleformetofinishthisworkbeforetomorrow.我明天之前完成此工作是不可能的。句型15.Itis+（心理品质方面的）形容词＋of+sb.+todo.=主语+be+形容词＋todo.(常用的形容词有：kind,stupid;foolish,good,wise等。)如：Itiskindofyoutohelpme.＝Youarekindtohelpme.你真好给我提供了帮助。\n二、定语从句：句型16.由as引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：Aswehaveknown,heisamostgoodstudent.众所周知，他是个很好的学生。请比较：Itiswell-knownthatheisamostgoodstudent.（前一个是定语从句，而后者是个主语从句。）\n句型17.由which引导的非限定性的定语从句。如：Heisaprofessor,whichIhavebeenlookingforwardtobecoming.他是个教授，那是我一直盼望的职业。（因为先行词professor是表示职业的名词，因此引导词用which，而不用who。句型18.由where,when引导的定语从句（其中包括限定性的或非限定性的。）如：ThisisthehousewhereIusedtocome.请比较：Thisisthehousewhich/thatIusedtocometo.ThisisthedaywhenIjoinedtheParty.请比较：Thisisthedaywhich/thatIjoinedthePartyon.（说明：关于that与which之间的区别，请看关系代词that和which的区别。）\n三、让步状语从句句型19.Nomatterwhat/which/who/where/when/whose＋从句，＋主句.(注意从句中的时态一般情况下用一般现在时态。)如：Nomatterwhatyoudo,youmustdoitwell.请比较：Whateveryoudo,youmustdoitwell.无论你做什么，一定要做好。Nomatterwhereyougo,pleaseletmeknow.请比较：Whereveryougo,pleaseletmeknow.你无论去哪儿，请通知我。（说明：这两种句型形式不同，而意义完全相同。）（注意：Iwilltellwhoeverwouldliketoreadit.句中的whoever不能用whomever来代替。因为它即作动词tell的宾语，又作后面从句的主语。）\n四、条件状语从句句型20.When/Solongas/Aslongas/Once+从句，＋主句。（从句也可以放在主句之后。）如：Aslongasyougivemeanymoney,Iwillletyougo.只要你给我一些钱，我就让你走。OnceyouhavebeguntolearnEnglish,youshouldlearnitwell.一旦你开始学习英语，你应该把它学好。句型21.主句＋onconditionthat+从句.如：Iwillgowithyouonconditionthatyougivemeasumofmoney.我和你一起去的条件是你给我一些钱。句型22.主句＋unless+从句.(注意：由于unless本身是否定词，所引导的从句的谓语动词用肯定而不用否定。)如：Iwillgotheretomorrowunlessitrains.我明天去那儿除非下雨。\n句型23.祈使句，＋and/andthen+主句。（注意：祈使句也可用一个名词短语。）如：Useyourhead,andyouwillfindagoodidea.动脑筋想一想，你就会想出一个好主意。Anotherword,andIwillbeatyou.你再说一句，我就揍你。句型24.If+necessary/impossible/important等，＋主句.(注意：if与形容词之间的itis被省略。)如：Ifnecessary,Iwilldoit.如果有必要的话，我来做此事。\n五、原因状语从句句型25.主句＋incase+从句.（incase表示以免）如：Iwilltakemyraincoatincaseitrains.我要把雨衣带上以免下雨。句型26.主句＋dueto/becauseof/owningto/+thefactthat+从句。如：Hedidnotcometoschoolbecauseofthefactthathewasill.由于他有病了，所以没有来上学。\n六、时间状语从句句型27.When/While/As+从句，＋主句.如：WhenIwasinthecountry,Iusedtocarrysomewaterforyou.当我在农村时，我常常给你打水。句型28.主句＋after/before+从句.如：Theyhadn'tbeenmarriedfourmonthsbeforetheyweredevoiced.他们结婚不到四个月就离婚了。Wewenthomeafterwehadfinishedthework.我们做完此工作就回家了。句型29.主语＋肯定谓语＋until＋从句.请比较：主语＋否定谓语＋until+从句.如：Iworkeduntilhecameback.我一直工作到他回来。Ididn'tworkeduntilhecameback.他回来我才开始工作。\n句型30.Assoonas/Immediately/Directly/Instantly/Themoment/Theinstant/Theminute+从句，＋主句.如：MyfatherwentoutimmediatelyIgothome.我一到家，我父亲就出去了。句型31.Nosooner+had+主语＋done…than+主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had+nosooner+done…than+主语＋did.如：NosoonerhadIgottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.我一到北京就给你打电话了。请比较：IhadnosoonergottoBeijingthanIcalledyou.句型32.Hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+had+主语＋done…when/before+主语＋did.请比较：主语＋had+hardly/Scarcely/Rarely+done…when/before+主语＋did.Hardlyhadshehadsupperwhenshewentout.她一吃完晚饭就出去了。请比较：Shehadhardlyhadsupperwhenshewentout.\n句型33.Bythetime+从句，＋主句.（注意时态的变化。）如：Bythetimeyoucameback,Ihadfinishedthisbook.到你回来时，我已经写完了这本书。Bythetimeyoucomeback,Iwillhavefinishedthisbook.到你回来时，我将写完这本书了。句型34.each/everytime+从句，＋主句.(这时相当于whenever或nomatterwhen引导的从句。从句也可放在主句之后。)如：EachtimehecomestoHarbin,healwaysdropsinonme.每当他来哈尔滨，总是顺便来看看我。\n七、地点状语从句句型35.Where+从句，＋主句.如：Wherethereisnorain,farmingisdifficultorimpossible.哪里没有雨水，种庄稼是很难的或者是不可能的。句型36、Anywhere/Wherever+从句，＋主句.如：AnywhereIgo,mywifegoestoo.无论我去哪儿，我的妻子也去哪儿。请比较：Iwillgowhereveryousuggest.你建议我去哪儿，我就去哪儿。\n八、目的状语从句句型37.主句＋inorderthat/sothat+从句.如：IgotupearlyinorderthatIcouldcatchthefirstbus.我起得很早，以便能赶上早班车。句型38.主句＋for+sb.+todo.（注意动词不定式复合结构在这儿作目的状语。）如：Hecamehereformetoworkoutthisproblem.他来这儿叫我帮他解出这道难题。\n九、结果状语从句句型39.主句＋sothat+从句.如：Itwasverycold,sothattheriverfroze.天气很泠，因此河水结冰了。句型40.So+形容词/副词＋特定动词(助动词或系动词)＋主语＋…＋that+从句.SointerestingisthisbookthatIwouldliketoreaditagain.这本书那么有趣，我想再读一遍。句型41.主语＋谓语＋such+名词＋that+从句.如：Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathewaspraisedbytheteacher.他进步很快，老师表扬了他\n句型42.Suchwas+主语＋that+从句.(这是个完全倒装句。)如：Suchwastheforceoftheexplosionthatallthewindowswerebroken.爆炸力这么大，所有的窗户都被震碎了。句型43.主句＋only+todosth.(only和动词不定式一起做结果状语)如：Iwokeupverylateonlytofindthatmywifehadgonetowork.我醒得很晚，结果发现我的妻子已经上班了。\n十、比较状语从句句型44.The+形容词比较级……，（主句）the+形容词比较级＋……如：Thesooneryoudoit,thebetteritwillbe.越早越好。句型45.主语＋谓语＋as+形容词原级＋as+被比较的对象.如：Heisasbusyasabee.他非常忙。句型46.主语＋谓语＋the＋形容词比较级＋of/between…Heisthetallerofthetwo.他们俩人中他高。句型47.主语＋谓语＋倍数＋as＋形容词原级＋as＋被比较的对象.如：Thisroomisthreetimesaslargeasthatone.这个房间是那个房间的三倍大。（这个房间比那个房间大两倍。）\n句型48.主语＋谓语＋百分数/倍数＋形容词比较级＋than＋被比较的对象.如：Thiscityistwicelargerthanours.这个城市比我们城市大两倍。Theearlyriceoutputinthatcommunewas200%morethanthatof2001.那个公社的早稻产量是2001年的两倍。句型49.主语＋谓语＋thesize/length/width/height+of+被比较的对象.如：Ourbuildingistwicetheheightofyours.我们的大楼是你们大楼的两倍高。\n十一、其它句型句型50.Itdoesn'tmatterwh-+从句。如：Itdoesn'tmattertomewhatyouwilldotomorrow.你明天做什么与我无关。Itdoesn'tmatterwhetheryouwillcomeornot.你来不来无关紧要。句型51.形容词/副词/名词（可数单数）+as/though+主语＋谓语，＋主句.如：Youngasheis,heknowsalot.虽然他很小，但他知道得很多。Hardheworks,Iamsurethathecan'tpassthisexam.虽然他学习很努力，这次考试他肯定不能及格。\n句型52Only+状语＋特定动词＋主语＋谓语…OnlybythismeanscanIdothisworkwell.只有用那种方式我才能做好此工作。Onlybecausehewasilldidhenotcometoschool.只因为他有病了才没有来上学。OnlythendidIrealizethatIhadbeenwrong.只有那时，我才认识到我错了。句型53Notonly+特定动词＋主语＋谓语…butalso+主语＋谓语…如：NotonlydidhelearnedEnglishwellbutalsohespokeFrenchverywell.他不但英语学得好，而且法语讲得很流利。句型54whether…or…,neither…nor…,either…or…如：Whetherhewillcomeornotisn'timportant.他不来不重要。句型55主语＋doubt＋whether+从句.请比较：主语＋特定否定词＋doubt＋that＋从句.如：Idon'tdoubtthathewillcomethisafternoon.我确信他下午一定能来。