高中英语积累材料4 10页

英语材料4一.单词badlyad.坏，恶劣地Abadmintonn.羽毛球bagn.书包，提包，袋子baggagen.彳亍李bakev.烤，烘（面包）Abalancen.平衡ballln.球n.舞会balloonn.气球bananan.香蕉bankn.（河、海、湖的）岸，堤银行[bankaccount11.银行账户】▲barn.条，（长方）块，棒，横木（酒的）买酒柜台，酒吧，（卖东西的）柜台Abarbecuen.烧烤的整只猪或牛，野外宴会，烤烧bargainn.（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品，廉价货v.讨价还价▲barkv.狗叫n.狗叫声basen.根据地，基地，（棒球）垒basica.基本的▲basisn.基础,根据basinn.水盆，脸盆basketn.篮子basketballn.篮球Abatn.（棒球、板球的）球棒，蝙蝠bathn.洗澡，浴室，澡盆bathevi.洗澡,游泳bathroomn.浴索，盥洗室▲batteryn.电池battlen.战斗，战役ABCn.公元前beachn.海滩▲beann.豆，豆科植物bear（bore,borne/born）v.承受，负担,承担,忍受，容忍n.熊beardn.（下巴上的）胡须Abeastn.野兽,牲畜beat（beat,beaten）v.敲打，跳动,打赢n.（音乐）节拍beautifula.美的,美丽的,美观的beautyn.美丽，美人becauseconj.因为becauseofbecome（became,become）v.变得，成为bedn.床gotobed上床睡觉makethebed铺床（准备睡觉）bedroomn.寝室，卧室been..蜜蜂beefn.牛肉beern.啤酒beforeprep.在以前，在前ad.以前conj.在之前begv.请求，乞求，乞讨begin（began,begun）v.开始，着手beginningn.开始，开端atthebeginningof在开始▲behavev.守规矩，彳亍为▲behaviour/behaviorn.行为,举止behindprep.（表示位置）在后面ad.在后面，向后Abeliefn.信条,信念believev.相信,认为belln.钟，铃，钟（铃）声，钟形物belongvi.属,附属belongto属于belowprep.在下面beltn.（皮）带benchn.长凳，工作台bend（bent,bent）vt.使弯曲【benta.弯的】Abeneathprep.在下方（面）▲benefitn./v.有利,利益/对有利besideprep.在旁边，▲近[besidesprep.除以外（还有）ad.还有，此外】best（good,well的最高级）a.&ad.的，最好地n.最好的（人或物）doone'sbest尽力allthebest一切顺利，万事大吉，祝你幸福better（good,well的比较级）a.&ad.较好的，更好的，好些，更好地，更，更多n.较好的事物，较优者v.改善，胜过hadbetter最好\n二.词组积累（一）givegivevt.给出，赋予，发牛Ifyouhavemore,pleasegivemesome.如果你有多的，请给我。giveaway分发，赠送，颁发，背叛，出卖，暴露givein屈服giveoff放出（气体,光）Thoseflowerslookprettybutdon'tgiveoffanicesmell.这些花看似漂亮，但是气味并不好。giveout使人筋疲力尽Somerestaurantsgiveoutanodorthatreachestothestreet.一些餐厅里面的气味飘到了街上。odor是指比scent更浓更清楚的味道。giveup放弃，停止做某事Heresolvedtogive叩smoking.他决心戒烟。giveover让位J**=givewayto被取代giveawayto被取代giveriseto引起，导致Frommutualunderstanding,acomfortablesituationhasbeencreation,ill于彼此的了解，因而建立了愉快的关系。create除了“创造”以外，述有“giveriseto,cause"的意思。gogovi.离开；移动；运彳亍Ihavetogonow.我必须走了。gobad变坏；变酸；腐败gored变红gohungry挨饿gowrong*Ii错；发生故障goabout随便走/进行Couldyoupleaseinformmehowtogoaboutcontactingalawyer?请您告诉我怎样去联络律师？goafter追赶goahead说吧，走吧，做吧（口语），走在前面Good.nowwccangoaheadandwriteuptheorder.好极了，现在我们町以准备下单了。goat从事于gobeyond超出Itcangobeyondtheschoolsystem,Ellen.这可以推广到学校休制以外，海伦。goby=pass经过，过去Heletaweekgobybeforeansweringtheletter.他一周以后才回信。godown下降I'llgodowntoHenry'sgrocery.He'salwaysopen.我到亨利杂货店去。那里总是开门营业的gointo进入Yes,you'reright.Afterall,sheissmartenoughtogointobusiness.是啊，你说的对。毕竟，她完全冇经商才智。gooff消失，腐败，坏的goout（火）熄灭，过时了，罢工Whynotgooutforawalk?T吗不出去散步？goover复习，检查Wouldyouliketogoovertotheconstructionsitewithme?去看一看建筑工地吗gothrough审阅/经丿力了（痛苦，困难），完成Wouldyouliketogothroughourfactorysometime?什么时候来看看我们的工厂吧？goup提高,上涨（价格）Icangouptothelodgeforsomehotdogsanddrinks.我可以到那边小屋去弄些热狗和饮料來。goaround分配,传播,传开OK,let'sgoaroundthetabic.好让我们顺著桌子来。goallouttodosth全力以赴去做某事gobackto追溯到...I'llworkfor5yearsandthengobacktoschool.我会T作五年，然后会学校。gowith相配（=match=goalongwith）Theyhadexceptedmetogowiththem.他们原本希望我和他们一起去。gowellwith协调Salesgirl:Sure.Wehavebothskirtsandtrousersthatwouldgowellwiththe\nsweater.Looktothissection.^：店员：当然。我们有裙子和长裤都可以配那件毛衣。看看这边。gotoofar太过分了，走太远了holdholdvt.怀有，持有（见解等）No,therestaurantwillholdourtable.不会餐厅会保留我们的席位。holdup主持，耽搁，延误，继续下去，拿起holdback阻挡，忍住，保留，隐瞒holddown控制，镇压=putdownholdoff延误,保持距离,使”疏远”holdon坚持下去,停止,另!J挂（电话）Hegavethemtometoholdontothem他给我戒指要我自己保管holdout坚持到胜利,支持,维持,伸出holdto坚持某个看法（路线），紧紧地抓住OK,holdtotheright.好在右边停住。hunthuntvt.追猎；追赶vi.打猎Hethatwillhaveaharetobreakfastmusthuntovernight.早餐想吃野兔肉，头晚就须去捕捉。huntfor寻找huntout找出来huntthrow翻找keepkeepvt.保存，保持;留住WekeepintouchwitheachotherbyEmailsinceheleftChina.他离开中国以后，我们用Email保持联系。keepto坚持某种习惯,遵循,靠（左右）InEnglandtrafficmustkeeptotheleft.在英国,车辆必须靠左行驶。keepback留在后面，阻止，忍住keepdown控制，下降，缩减开支keepoff避开，远离，让开keepout使其等在外面，不让进入keepup保持，维持，鼓足勇气keepsbfromdoing阻止某人做某事keepsthfromsb把某事瞒着某人keepupwith跟上（二）1.breakawayfrom从脱离，断绝关系Wewon'tsay"Yes"toanyone'sbreakingawayfromourcountry.Can'tyoubreakawayfromoldhabits?2.breakdown（指计划、打算）破灭；（机器）坏了；（身体状况）变差Ourplanshavebrokendown.Negotiationsbetweenthetwocountrieshavebrokendown.Theenginebrokedown.Hishealthbrokedownafterthedeathofhiswife.Sugarandstarcharebrokendowninthestomach.3.breakinto破门而入Hishousewasbrokenintolastweek.4.breakoff从中间打断\nHebrokeoffinthemiddleofasentence.Let'sbreakoffforanhourandhavesometea・Themastbrokeoff.2.breakout(指战争、灾难、争吵等)突然爆发Afirebrokeoutduringthenight・Thequarrelbrokeoutafresh.3.breaktherules违反规则Everyoneinthegroupmustn'tbreaktherules.4.breakup击碎、驱散终止结束分裂分开分手放学Theshipwasbreakingupontherocks.Thegatheringbrokeupindisorder.Thepolicebrokeupthecrowd.5.holdone'sbreath屏住呼吸Heheldhisbreathandsneakedintohisroom.6.bringdown击落、打倒Amomentago,webroughtdownahostileaircraft.Weshouldbringdownthetyrant.10.bringin赚得、赢得(利润)Hisfarmsbring(him)in$20000ayear.Theprogrambringsinanewfashion.三.词语辨析1•befamiliarwith/befamiliartobefamiliarwith：对熟悉。例如：例1:Mostofusarefamiliarwiththepopstar.例2：Johnwasveryfamiliarwiththiskindofsituation.befamiliarto：对来说是熟悉的;为所熟知。例如：彳列3:Thepopstarisfamiliartomostofus.彳列4：ThiskindofsituationwasalltoofamiliartoJohn.(=veryfamiliar)2・beknownfor/beknownas/beknowntobeknownfor：因而出名。例如:例1:Ourtownisknownforitsstones.beknownas：作为而出名。例如：例2：Thetownisknownasastonetown.beknownto：被知晓，了解。例如：例3:Thehotspringcityisknowntoeveryoneofthem.\n3・bemadeof（from/outof）/bemadeinto/bemadeup/bemadeupofbemadeof：由制成。用于由产品可以看出原材料。例如：例1:Thedeskismadeofwood.bemadefrom：|l|制成。用于由产品看不出原材料。例如:例2：Paperismadefromwood.bemadeoutof：由制成。例如:例3:Thedesk/Paperismadeoutofwood.bemadeinto:制成例如:例4：Woodcanbemadeintodesks/papc匚bemadeup：由编成。例如:例5：Don'tbelievehim;thewholestorywasmadeup.（别信他的，整个过程都是捏造的。）bemadeupof（=consistof）：由组成。例如：例6：Thisdeskismadeupof/consistsoftwelvepiecesofwood.4.betiredof/betiredfrom/betiredoutbe/gettiredof：对厌倦。例如：例1：lamreallytiredofyourwords!（你的话我听腻了！）betiredfi'om：因疲倦。例如：仞J2：IwassotiredfromclimbingthehillthatIfellasleepthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.（我爬山太累了，所以头一碰枕头/一躺下就睡着了。）Betiredout：筋疲力尽。相当于bewornouto例如：例3:Weweretiredoutwhenweclimbedoverthehighmountain.5・believe/believein/dependonbelieve：相信（指信某人的言语）；认为（相当于besure）0例如：\n例1:Don'tbelievehim;he'slying.（别听他的,他在说谎。）例2：Ibelievethey'llsucceedintheend.believein：信任（指胜任某人）;信仰（指信仰真理、主张、宗教等）。例如：例3：Don'tbelieveinhim;he'salwayslying.（不可信任他,他老说谎。）例4：Ibelievewhatshesaid,butIdon'tbelieveinher.（我相信她所说的,但我不信任她。）例5：Wemustwork,andaboveallwemustbelieveinourselves.\n例6：MostofthembelieveinGod.dependon：信任（相当于believein或trust）；依靠（相当于liveon）；取决于。例如:例7：Heisamantodependon/believein/trust.（他是个可信任的人。）例8：Doyoustilldependon/liveonyourparents?（你还靠父母吗?）例9：Everythingdependsontheweathertomorrow.（一切取决于明天的天气。）四.选择题精选1.Motoristsofspeedingmaybebannedfromdrivingforayear.A.convictedB.arrestedC.chargedD.judged［答案］A.convicted・［注释］beconvictedto被判有......（罪）：Hewasconvictedofmurder.（他被法院判有谋杀罪。）2.Thereasonwhyheadaptedtothenewsituationsquicklyisthathehasaattitude・A.changeableB.alternateC.movableD.flexible［答案］D.flexible.［注释］flexible灵活的，可变通的；Weneedaforeignpolicythatismoreflexible.3.Willallthosetheproposalraisetheirhands?A.inrelationtoB.inexcessofC.incontrasttoD.infavorof［答案］D.infavorof.［注释］infavorof赞成0inexcessof超过。inrelationto关系至！10incontrastto与......相对照。例如:1）Everyoneintheclassvotedinfavoroftheparty.（=AIIofthechildrenvotedtohaveaparty.）2）Wegot$5000inexcessofthefixedsum.（義们盯定额多收入5000美元。）3）Thisappearssmallincontrastto（with）that.（这个同那个对比起来显得小了。）4）Ihavealottosayinrelationtothataffair.俄对那件事有许多话要说。）5）Wemustplanin（with）relationtothefuture.（我们定计划时要考虑至!1将来。）本题译文：请所有赞成此项建议的人举手。4.Anearlytypewriterproducedlettersquicklyandneatly;thetypist,couldn'tseehisworkonhismachine.A.howeverB.thereforeC.yetD.although［答案］A.however.［注释］however然而。本题译文：早期的打字机打起字来又快又整齐，然而打字员不能看着机器键盘打字。5.Weareinterestedintheweatherbecauseitussodirectlywhatwewear;whatwedo,andevenhowwefeel.A.benefitsB.guidesC.affectsD.effects［答案］C.affects.［注释］affect（=haveaninfluenceoreffecton）影响:Theclimateaffectedhishealth.（气候影响［损害］了他的健康。）［注意］affectvt.影响。effectn.（=influent）影响z作用:Somefilmshaveamisleadingeffectonchildren,effectvt.（=bringabout）实行，进行#产生……后果:1）Iwilleffectmypurpose:no-oneshallstopme!2）Wehopetoeffectanimprovement.（我们希望能引起改进。）\n注意两个常用的习语：1）tothateffect那个意思的（话）:Shesaidshehatedspinach,orwordstothateffect.（她说她不喜欢吃菠菜或那个意思的话。）2）totheeffectthat...意思时说，表示下述意思：Isaidafewwordstheeffectthatallhehadtolduswasalreadywellknown.（我说了几句话，意思是说他告诉我们的一切都已众所周知。）6.1canmeetyouateighto'clock;youcancallforme・A.incidentallyB.actuallyC.alternativelyD.accordingly［答案］C.alternatively［注释］alternatively（=asanalternative）作为一个替代办法：Ifhoweverisusedfbutisnotneeded;oralternativelyomithowever.（如果使用however,就不需要but;或者作为一个替代办法省去however。）［注意］alternately和alternatively的区别:alternately（交替地）:AtaChinesedinner,theguestsandthehostssitalternatelyataroundtable・7.Hehastheofanathlete:hereallygoesallouttowin.A.instantsB.instancesC・instinctsD.intelligences［答案］C.instincts.［注释］instinct天生的本领。instantn.瞬间，时刻;adj.立即的，直接的。如：instantcoffee速溶咖啡;instantfood⑸方便食品。例如：Spaceshipsarestockedwithavarietyofinstantfoods.（宇宙飞船上备有各种个样的方便食品。）8.Auniversityisaneducationalinstitutionwhichdegreesandcarriesoutresearch.A.rewardsB.awardsC.grantsD.presents［答案］B.awards.［注释］awardssb.sth.授于某人某物。如：TheyawardedJohnthefirstprize.（他们授于约翰一等奖。）对比：rewardsbwithsth.以某物酬谢某人，须加介词with;Theyrewardedtheboywith$5forbringingbackthelostdog.（他们给这男孩5美元酬谢他把丢失的狗找回来。）grant（=consenttogiveorallowwhatisaskedfor）同意（给予）r答应（请求）:Thefirmgrantedhimapension.（公司同意给予他退休金。）presentsb.withsth.赠送:Ourclasspresentedtheschoolwithapicture.（我们班给学校送了一幅画。）present颁发，呈递：1）Theprincipalwillpresentthediplomas.（校色将颁发文凭。）2）WeshallpresentacompletereporttotheAnnualConference.（我们将向年会递交一分全面的报告。）本题句意是：大学是授予学位和进行研究的教育机构。可见，本题应选award.9.TheoldladycarTthopetohercoldinafewdays・A.getoverB.getoffC.holdbackD.holdup［答案］A.getover10.Jim*splanstogotocollegeatthelastmomentA.felloutB.gaveawayC.gaveoffD.fellthrough［答案］D.fellthrough,未能实现。五•阅读（09•璽庆D篇）Liverpool,myhometown,isauniquecity.Itissouniquethatin2004itbecameaWorldHeritage（遗产）Site.IrecentlyreturnedtomyhomecityandmyfirststopwasatamuseumontheRiverMersey.Blanketedinmist（薄雾），Victorianarchitecturerosefromthebanksoftheriver,respondedtothesoundsofsea-birds,andappearedunbelievablycharming.WhenIheadedtowardthecentre,IfoundmyselfsurroundedbybuildingsthatmirrorthebestpalacesofEurope・Itisnothardto\nimaginewhy,onfirstseeingthecity,mostvisitorswouldbeoverpoweredbythebeautyofthenoblebuildings,whicharesolidsignsofLiverpoo「shistory.Asiftostressitsculturalrole,Liveipoolhasmoremuseumsandgalleries（美术馆）thanmostcitiesinBritain.AtWalkerArtGallery,IwastoldthatithasthebestcollectionsofVictorianpaintingsintheworld,andisthehomeofmodemartinthenorthofEngland・However,cultureismorethangalleries・Liverpooloffersmanymusicevents・AsBritain'sNo.lmusiccity,ithasthe\nbiggestcitymusicfestivalinEurope,anditsmusiciansarefamousallovertheworld.Liverpoolisalsowell-knownforitsfootballandothersportsevents.Everyyear,theMerseyRiverFestivalattractsthousandsofvisitors,makingthecityaplaceofwonde匚Asyouwouldexpectfromsuchacity,therearerestaurantsservingfoodfromaroundtheworld.Whenmytripwasabouttocomplete,IchosetorestmylegsinLiverpool?sfamousPhilhannonicpub()西馆)•Itisamonumenttoperfection,andaheritageattractionitself.BeingaWorldHeritageSite,myhomecityiscertainlyaplaceof“outstandinguniversalvalue”・Itisatreasurehousewithplentyofsecretsfortheworldtoexplore.1・VisitorswhoseethecityforthefirsttimewouldbedeeplyimpressedbyA.itscharmingbanksB.itsfamousmuseumsC・itswonderfulpalacesD.itsattractivebuildings2.ThethirdparagraphisdevelopedmainlybyA.providingdifferentexamplesB.followingtheorderofspaceC・makingcomparisonsD.analyzingcauses3・TheauthorusesthePhilharmonicpubtoprovethatA.Liveipoolisawell-knowncityforitsrestaurantsB.LiverpoolisanimpressiveplacefullofattractionC・apubisawonderfulplaceforvisitorstorelaxthemselvesD.apubisaperfectchoiceforvisitorstocompletetheirjourney4.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.TheuniversalvalueoftheworldheritageinLiverpoolB.TheexcitingexperienceoftheauthorinLiverpoolC・ThespecialculturalatmosphereofLiverpoolD.ThebeautifulhistoricsitesofLiverpool答案l.D2.A3.B4.C