高中英语介词的运用 38页

Prepositions\nPrepositionsarewordsthatareusedbeforeanounoranounphrasetoshowtime,place,movement,etc.Aprepositioncanalsobeusedbeforeaverbinthe–ingform.\nListalltheprepositionsinthestoryandthinkhowtheyareused.Myfamilywillmovetoanewflat.Weneedalotofnewhouseholdappliancesbeforewecanmovein.LastSaturday,wewenttoadepartmentstore.Thehouseholdappliancessectionisonthefifthfloor.\nWefirstboughtafridgeandanelectricricecooker.Myparentssuggestedwebuyamicrowaveovensothatwecansavealotoftimereheatingfood.Thenweboughtawashingmachine.Afterthat,avacuumcleanercameintoourpackageasitisusefulforkeepingourhouseclean.Wehadatiringbuthappyday.\nMyfamilywillmovetoanewflat.Weneedalotofnewhouseholdappliancesbeforewecanmovein.LastSaturday,wewenttoadepartmentstore.Thehouseholdappliancessectionisonthefifthfloor.Wefirstboughtafridgeandanelectricricecooker.\nMyparentssuggestedwebuyamicrowaveovensothatwecansavealotoftimereheatingfood.Thenweboughtawashingmachine.Afterthat,avacuumcleanercameintoourpackageasitisusefulforkeepingourhouseclean.Wehadatiringbuthappyday.\nPrepositionsareusedbeforeanounoranounphrase.Andwhenaverbisusedafterapreposition,itisusuallyusedinits-ingform.ReadthedialogueonPage8andfillintheblankswithproperprepositions.Answers(1)for(2)at(3)until(4)by(5)during(6)to\nPrepostionsPrepostionsoftimeat,in,for,by,since,during,before,after,from,untilPrepostionsofplaceat,in,on,above,against,behind,between,under,oppostitePrepostionsofmovementAcross,along,down,into,off,over,round,through,uder,up\n表示时间的at,in,onat表示片刻的时间，或者说时间点at8o’clock，常用词组有：atnoon,atnight,atmidnight,attheendof,atthattime,atthebeginningof,attheageof,atChristmas,atNewYear等。in表示一段的时间，inthemorning,intheafternoon,intheevening,inOctober,in1998,insummer,inthepast,inthefuture等。\non总是跟日子有关，onMonday,onChristmasmorning,onthefollowing,onMayDay,onawarmmorning等。\n表示时间的since和fromsince表示从过去到现在的一段时间的过程，常与现在完成时连用。from表示从时间的某一点开始，不涉及与现在的关系。一般多与现在时、过去时、将来时连用。如：Ihopetodomorningexercisesfromtoday.Wehavenotseeneachothersince1995.\n表示时间的in和after：两者都表示“在（某个时间）之后，区别在于in表示“在（一段时间）之后”，而after则表示“在（某一具体时间点之后）”，in短语和将来时态连用，after短语和过去时态或将来时态连用。如：We’llbebackinthreedays.Afterseventherainbegantofall.Whatshallwedoaftergraduation?注意：after有时也可以表示在一段时间之后（常用在过去时里）。如：Aftertwomonthshereturned.\n表示地理位置的in,on,toin表示在某范围内，on指与什么毗邻，to指在某环境范围之外。ChangchunisinthenortheastofChina.MongoliaisonthenorthofChina.JapanistotheeastofChina.\nunder/over,below/abovebelow是onalowerlevelthan的意思,表示在下方位置的某物.不强调直上直下,反义词是above.under有directlybelow的含义,表示垂直在下方,反义词是:over.\n表示“穿过……”的through和acrossthrough表示从内部通过，与in有关；across则表示从一端至另一端在表面上的通过，与on有关。over指从一个物体的一边到另一边的越过Waterflowsthroughthepipe.Theoldmanwalkedacrossthestreet.\ntoward(s),to,forto和toward(s)用来表示静态的方向,可以换用,但和表示位置转移的动词如:go,come,move,run,return,walk,等连用是,to有到达之意,而toward(s)只表示运动方向,无到达之意.for一般用语动词leave,sail,start及短语setoff,setout,startout,startoff等短语后表示方向.\nReadthedialogueonPage8andfillintheblankswithproperprepositions.Answersfor(2)at(3)until(4)by(5)during(6)to\nPrepositionalphrases\nPrepositionswithverbsSomeverbsinEnglisharepairedwithaparticularprepositiontocreateanexpression.Eachoftheseexpressionshasaparticularmeaning.runinto撞上staywith和某人呆在一起thinkabout考虑有关……writeto给某人写信lookfor寻找waitfor等待takecareof照顾callon（sb.）拜访arriveat（in）到达\nPrepositionswithnounsPrepositionscanalsobecombinedwithnouns,e.g.intimefor,ontime,bymeansof,byaccident,for/onsale,inair,onthemarket,inthatcase,uptodate…atleast至少atpresent目前atfirst起初atonce立刻atlast最后（终于）atnight夜晚onfoot步行onone’sway在去某地的路上onthetelephone用电话ontime准时forawhile一会儿forexample例如foroneself为了自己forhours（daysyears）有好几小时（天，年）\nPrepositionswithadjectivesSomeprepositionscanalsobecombinedwithadjectives,e.g.goodat,capableof,fondof,fullof,happywith…beabsentfrom缺席beproudof以……为自豪bedifferentfrom和……不同befamousfor因……而著名befondof……爱好，喜欢bepleasedwith乐于besorryfor（sth.）为……抱歉beafraidof害怕……bekindto对某人亲切begoodat在……做得好；擅长于……belatefor迟到\nNow,pleasecompletetheintroductiontothedigitalcameraonpage9.FurtherexplanationofPrepositions:1.Prepositionsofmannerandmeans.Theprepositionsin(---manner/way),by,with,without,asorlikecanbeusedtorefertomanner,meaning‘howonedoessomething’.Answers(1)onsale(2)uptodate(3)capableof(4)standsfor(5)satisfiedwith(6)onthemarket(7)Inthatcase(8)intimefor(9)upto(10)agreewith\n1.——Excuseme,couldyoutellmethewaytothestation?——Thestation?Takethesecondturning＿＿＿＿＿and＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.toleft；thengostraightonB.totheleft；thengostraightonC.toleft；thengorightforwardD.totheleft；thengorightforwardB。方位名词前如果有介词，要在名词前加the；后面的副词on表示“继续”\n2.Tedhasbeenabsent＿＿＿＿＿classforquitesometime.A.forB.withC.ofD.fromD。beabsentfrom是一个固定短语，意思是“缺席”。\n3.Early＿＿＿themorningofMay1,westartedoff＿＿＿themountainvillage.A.in；forB.in；t?C.on；／D.on；forD。表示在“某一天的早晨”常说“onthemorningof...”；后面用for表示去的目的地。\n4.Hedividedthesweets＿＿＿thechildrenwhoweredivided＿＿＿threegroups.A.in；inB.into；intoC.between；inD.among；intoD。介词between指“两者之间”；among用于“三者或三者以上之间”。根据定语从句可知children应是三者以上。\n5.Heclimbedsilently＿＿＿＿＿＿seizingthethief＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.inthepurpose；bysurpriseB.withpurposeof；surprisinglyC.withpurposeof；surprisedlyD.withthepurposeof；bysurpriseD。withthepurposeof是一个固定词组，意为“怀着……意图”；bysurprise相当于suddenly。\n6.＿＿＿＿＿hearingthegoodnews,theyjumpedwithjoy.A.ForB.ToC.OnD.AtC。on(one’s)doing意为“当……时”，相当于when引导的时间状语从句。如：On(my)askingforinformation,Iheardaloudnoiseoutside.\n7.Thestudent,＿＿＿＿whomalltheteachersarepleased,isverystrict＿＿＿himself＿＿＿everything.A.to；with；inB.with；with；inC.with；at；withD.at；with；atB。表示“对……感到满意”，用bepleasedwith。此句为定语从句；主句中用了bestrictwithsb.insth.句型。\n8.InHangzhouMr.Blackwassostruck＿＿＿＿thebeautyofnaturethathestayed＿＿＿anothernight.A.at；onB.with；atC.for；inD.by；forD。“bestruckby”意为“被……迷住／打动”，stayforthenight表示“留下来过夜”。\n9.Theoldmandied＿＿＿cold＿＿＿＿acoldnight.A.from；atB.of；inC.of；onD.for；duringC。dieof用于疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷等原因造成的死亡，diefrom指除了疾病、情感、饥饿、寒冷以外的原因造成的死亡，onacoldnight为特定时间。\n10.＿＿＿thegateandyou’llfindtheentrance＿＿＿thepark＿＿＿theotherside.A.Through；to；onB.Along；of；onC.Down；to；atD.Up；of；byA。through指“从某事物的内部空间穿过”；entrance后习惯接to；表示“在……边”用on\n11.Ifyoukeepon,you’llsucceed＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.intimeB.atonetimeC.atthesametimeD.ontimeA。intime除平时熟悉的“及时”之意外，还有“迟早”的意思，相当于soonerorlater。\n12.Didyouhavetrouble＿＿＿＿＿＿＿thepostoffice?A.tohavefoundB.withfindingC.tofindD.infindingD。havetrouble／difficultyindoingsth.／withsth.是一个习惯用法，表示“做某事吃力、费劲”。\n13.Henry,＿＿＿＿＿MaryandTom,iscomingtoChinaforavisit?WhichisWRONG?A.togetherwithB.likeC.besidesD.butinadditiontoD。“名词＋介词短语”作主语时，谓语动词要与前面的名词保持一致。D项表达错误。\n14.Heusuallygoestoworkontime＿＿＿＿＿＿.A.exceptforrainingdaysB.besidesitrainsC.butthatitrainsD.exceptonrainydaysD。except后接动词不定式可与but连用，但except后还可接that,when,where等从句或介词短语，在表示对细节加以纠正之意时用exceptfor。\n15.Imadethecoat＿＿＿myownhands.Itwasmade＿＿＿hand,notwithamachine.A.in；inB.in；withC.with；byD.with；withC。“由手工制作”用固定词组withone’shands或byhand。\nDogrammarpartonexercisebook.Homework