高中英语常用时态 5页

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  • 2022-08-31 发布

高中英语常用时态

  • 5页
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常用英语时态总复习按构成和状态可分四类:一般时(单个V原/V-ed,可借助于助动词do[多形]+V原构成否定句和疑问句)、进行时(借助于助动词be[多形]+V-ing)、将来时(借助于助动词will[多形]+V原)、完成时(借助于助动词have[多形]+V-ed)动词时态一:一般现在时①表示经常或习惯性的动作或存在的状态。②表示主语通常的能力、兴趣爱好、和性格特征。③表示客观的事实或真理。④表示按照时刻表或已经计划安排好的将来行为。(只限于是go,come,leave,arrive,begin,start,takeoff,stop,be等表示开始或移动意义的词。)⑤在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形),从句中用一般现在时表将来。当主语是第三人称时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,加-s/es。除此之外都用动词原形。1.He______(be,am,is,are)ateacheratNo.2MiddleSchool.2.He______(have,has)classesintheafternoon.3.He______(get,gets)upathalfpastsixeverymorning.4.Healways_____(come,comes)toschoolontime.5.He______(study,studies)veryhardathislesson.6.Oneandtwo_____(be,is,are)three.7.Blueandyellow_____(make,makes)green.8.Theearth_____(move,moves)roundthesun.9.IwillgothereifI____(be,willbe,am,is,are)freetomorrow.10.IwillgotherewhenI_____(have,willhave,has)timetomorrow.11.Hewon’tcometothepartyunlesshe_____(be,willbe,am,is,are)invited.12.I’llwaithereuntilmymother____(come,comes,willcome)back.13.Pleasereturnthebooktothelibraryassoonasyou______(finish,finishes,willfinish)readingit.14.Onceyou_____(see,sees,willsee)him,youwillneverforgethim.时间状语:---sometimes/often/usually/always/now/never/seldom/everymorning/onceamonth---动词第三人称单数形式变化规则:规则动词原形一般在词尾加-s,(清辅音后读/s/,在浊辅音后读/z/;在t后读/ts/,在d后读/dz/。)Play→playsleave→leavesswim→swims以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的词加-es,读/iz/,如果动词原形词尾已有e,则只加-s。pass→passesfix→fixesteach→teacheswish→wishesdo→does以辅音字母加y结尾的词,先变y为i,再加-es,读/z/study→studiescarry→carriesfly→flies在一般现在时中,当主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词需加-s或-es动词时态二:一般过去时(提示:使用动词的过去式)表示具体的某个过去时间所发生的动作或所处的状态。表示过去一段时间内经常发生的动作。有具体的表过去的时间状语时使用一般过去时,如:yesterday,lastweek,anhourago,theotherday,in1982等。谓语动词使用过去式形式,加ed,分为规则和不规则变化。表示过去经常发生的动作,也可用“usedtodoing”和“would+动词原形”。5\n1.He____(be,was,were,been)hereamomentago.2.They____(be,was,were,been)herejustnow.3.Thescientists_____(leave,leaves,leaved,left)forAmericayesterday.4.Lastweekwe______(visit,visited)theScienceMuseum.5.WhenIwasachild,Ioften____(play,played)football.6.Thestudentsranoutoftheclassroomassoonasthebell____(ring,rang,rung).时间状语:---yesterday/yesterdaymorning/thedaybeforeyesterday/lastweek/lastmonth/lastyear/threeyearsago/afewdaysearlier/theotherday(=afewdaysago)/in1999/afterthreemonths/twodayslater/atthattime/justnow/inthepast/inthosedays/oneday/once/atonetime---动词过去式的变化规则:构成规则动词原形一般在动词原形末尾加-ed,(在清辅音后读/t/;在浊辅音和元音后读/d/;在/t/,/d/后读/id/。look→lookedplay→playedwork→worked结尾是e的动词在末尾加-dlike→likedlive→livedhope→hoped末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,先双写这个辅音字母,再加-edplan→plannedstop→stoppeddrop→dropped结尾是“辅音字母+y”的动词,先变“y”为“I”再加-edstudy→studiesworry→worriescry→cries动词时态三:现在进行时(am/is/are+v-ing)现在进行时①表示说话时正在进行的动作。②表示现阶段正在进行的动作。(说话时动作不一定进行)③同always配合使用时,带有厌恶、批评,不喜欢等感情色彩。21.I____(write,amwriting,iswriting,arewriting)aletternow.22.Look,it_____(begin,isbeginning,ambeginning,arebeginning)torain.23.They____(study,isstudying,amstudying,arestudying)medicineattheMedicalInstituteofChengdethesedays.24.He_____(teach,amteaching,isteaching,areteaching)anEnglishlessonatthistime.时间状语:---now/thesedays/atpresent/atthistime---提示动词look/listen---动词V-ing的构成规则:规则原形一般在动词原形末尾加-inglisten→listeningspend→spendingstay→staying以不发音字母e结尾的动词,先去掉e,再加-inghave→havingprepare→preparingclose→closing以重读闭音节结尾的动词,如果末尾只有一个辅音字母,应先双写这个辅音字母,再加-ingsit→sittingbegin→beginningrun→runningput→putting以ie为重读音节结尾的动词,先去掉e,把i改为y,再加-inglie→lyingdie→dying以er结尾的动词,如是重读音节结尾,先双写r,再加-ing;如不是重读音节结尾,就直接加-ingprefer→preferringwater→watering动词时态四:过去进行时(was/were+v-ing)表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行的动作。25.I_____(cook,cooked,wascooking,werecooking)breakfastwhenyouarrived.26.What____you_____(do,did,was...doing,were…doing)atthistimeyesterdayevening?27.We_____(have,arehaving,had,werehaving)dinnerwhenthedoorbellrang.5\n28.While/When/Aswe____(have,had,arehaving,werehaving)dinner,thedoorbellrang.时间状语:then/atthattime/atthistimeyesterday/yesterdayevening/lastnight/when+时间状语从句)---动词时态五:一般将来时(will+V原,等)一般将来时,表示从现在看将来的动作或状态,构成:①will,shall+动词原形,其中shall只用于第一人称。②begoingto+动词原形,表示主观打算,按计划,安排要发生的事情。③beto+动词原形,表示客观安排④beaboutto+不定式,意为马上要做某事,正要做某事。⑤某些动词,可用进行时态表将来,如come,go,arrive,leave。⑥在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,主句用一般将来时(will+动词原形),从句中用一般现在时表将来。⑦一般现在时可表示按时间表发生的将来的动作(限start,begin,arrive,end,close,leave---等表示开始或移动意义的词)29.I____(leave,shall/willleave)forJi’nantomorrow.30.Whocantellmewhat____(willhappen,isgoingtohappen)inthefuture?31.MrSmith_____(willhelp,shallhelp)youifyouhaveanyproblem.32.It______(isgoingtobe,willbe)Wednesdaythedayaftertomorrow.33.Themusician_____(isgoingtogive,aregoingtogive,amgoingtogive)aconcertnextweek.34.Look,there______(be,isgoingtobe,aregoingtobe)arainsoon.35.We_____(meet,willbetomeet,aretomeet,amtomeet)attheairportthisafternoon.36.Theconcert____(take,istotake,aretotake,willbetake)placeinthemusichalltomorrowafternoon.37.Theconcert___(hold,istohold,istobeheld,willtobeheld)inthemusichalltomorrowevening.38.Ladiesandgentlemen,theplane___(take,isabouttotake,areabouttotake,issoonabouttotake)off.Pleasefastenyoursafetybelts.39.We____(start,aregoingtostart,arestarting)forShanghaitonight.40.Thetrain/concert/show/film_____(start,starts)atsixtomorrow.时间状语:---tomorrow/tomorrowmorning/thedayaftertomorrow/(how)soon/beforelong/byandby/inanhour/infiveminutes’time/fiveminuteslater/thisafternoon/nextSaturday(week,month,year)/infuture/inthefuture/sometimeinthefuture/someday(oneday)---动词时态六:过去将来时(would+动词原形,或将来时的其它过去构成形式)表示以过去某一时间为参照,在过去看将要发生的动作或存在的状态。在宾语从句及间接引语中,时态呼应,经常会用到过去将来时。如Ithoughtitwasgoingtobefun.41.ItoldmyfriendthatI____(should/wouldarrive,shall/willarrive)soon.42.Theylookedatthosecloudsoverthesky.It____(isgoingtorain,wasgoingtorain).43.Theysaidthatthey____(aretomeet,weretomeet)atthegatethenextday.44.We_____(areabouttogo,wereabouttogo)outwhenitstartedtorain.时间状语:---soon/thenextday---that-clause(名词性从句或上下文中---)动词时态七:现在完成时(have/has+过去分词)表示发生在过去,持续到现在,可能刚刚结束也有可能继续进行下去的动作或状态,甚至延续到将来,并对现在造成一定的影响或结果。常与since+过去时(间),for+一段时间连用。表示与现在有联系的过去的动作。45.We____(havewatered,haswatered)theflowersalready.(暗示Theflowersdon’tneedwateringnow.)46.He____(havebeen,hasbeen)totheSummerPalacemanytimes.((暗示Heisbacknow.)47.She____(havejustgone,hasjustgone)tothelibrary.((暗示Sheisn’therenow.)48.I____(haslived,havelived)hereformorethan20years.=I_____(lived,havelived)heresinceI5\nmovedhere20yearsago.=Itis/hasbeen20yearssinceImovedhere.49.Greatchanges____(havetaken,hastaken)placeinChinainthepast20years.=There_____(hasbeen,havebeen)greatchangesinChinainthepast20years.时间状语:(包括现在时间在内的时间状语)---1)already/(not)yet/before/recently=lately2)ever/never/once/twice/manytimes3)now/just/today/thismorning4)for…/since…/sofar/bynow=uptillnow5)in/for/duringthepast(last)fewyears---注意:不能和明确的具体的表过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday,lastweek,in1998,ago等动词时态八:过去完成时(had+过去分词)(特征:表示“过去的过去”)表示动作在过去某一或动作之前已经完成。表示比过去的一个参照动作或时间更早的动作,即过去的过去。作为参照的过去的动作或时间有时在句子中直接表述出来(如用by,before+过去时间或者过去的某个事件),有时通过上下文暗示。表示动作仍发生在它们之前。50.We____(haveread,hadread)500storiesbytheendoflastterm.51.Hesaidthatthey_____(havearrived,hadarrived)anhourbefore.52.After/Whenhe____(hasdone,haddone)hisjob,hewenttobed.53.Iwaitedtillhe____(hasfinished,hadfinished)hiswork.54.WhenIgotthere,he___(hasbeen,hadbeen)awayforhalfanhour.55.IwentbacktotheclassroombecauseI____(haveleft,hadleft)mydictionarythere.时间状语:before,by,until,when,after,once,assoonas+过去动词时态九:现在完成进行时:(have/hasbeendoing)由过去开始,延续到现在并且可能继续进行的动作。跨越了三个时间区域,是跨越时间最广的时态,强调动作仍在继续。。其进行时态往往包含某种感情色彩。现在完成进行时在句子中一般可以翻译成“一直┉”。56.He’sbeenwatchingTVallday.Howlonghasitbeenraining?57.JimhasbeenphoningJennyeverynightforthepastweek.58.Theworkersmustbeverytirednowfortheyveryhardforthreehourswithoutarest.A.areworkingB.workedC.havebeenworkingD.work59.Overthepastdecades,seaiceintheArcticasaresultofglobalwarming.A.haddecreasedB.decreasedC.hasbeendecreasingD.isdecreasing60.Isn’tithardtodrivedowntowntowork?Yes,that’swhyItoworkbytrain.A.havebeengoingB.havegoneC.wasgoingD.willhavegone61.Hi,Tracy,youlooktired.--Iamtired.Ithelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepainted动词时态十:将来进行时(will/shallbedoing或begoingtobedoing)表示在将来某一时刻或将来某段时间内正在进行的动作,预测按计划在将来某时会发生的事情。62.IwillbewatchingTVintheroomateighttomorrowevening.63.Areyougoingtobestudyingthistimenextweek?Hewillbetakinghisexamsnextweek.64.--HaveyouheardfromJanetrecently?--No,butIheroverChristmas.A.sawB.willbeseeingC.haveseenD.havebeenseeing65.AtthistimetomorrowovertheAtlantic.A.we’regoingtoflyB.we’llbeflyingC.we’llflyD.we’retofly5\n时间状语:this/tomorrowevening,tomorrowevening,onSunday,atthistimetomorrow5

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