高中英语状语从句课件 42页

状语从句主讲人：贺瑞梅\nWhatare“AdverbialClauses”?在主从复合句中修饰主语中的动词、形容词、副词等的从句叫做“状语从句”。分类如下：\n状语从句1.时间状语从句2.地点状语从句3.原因状语从句4.条件状语从句5.让步状语从句6.目的状语从句7.结果状语从句8.方式状语从句9.比较状语从句\n1)常用连词如下：as,when,while,till/until,not…till/until,before,since,after等。1.时间状语从句\ne.g.Iwon’tknowwhereheisuntilIgetaletterfromhim.Till只能用于肯定句中，until既可以用于肯定句，也可以用于否定句。\nIt’s/willbe+一段时间before+一般现在时表示过了多久才It’s/will（not)be+一段时间before+一般现在时表示没过多久就it’sbeen+一段时间since+一般过去时\nItwillbealongtimebeforewemeetagain.Ithasbeen20yearssincewefirstsaweachother.\n2)一些表示时间的名词词组也可引导时间状语从句。如：themoment,theminute,（一…就）nexttime（下次）,every/eachtime（每次）。e.g.Themomenthecomes,Iwilltellhim.\n3).介词也可以引导状语从句。如since,before,after。Iwouldliketoinviteyoutodoseveralexercisebeforecomingtoourkeypoints.\n4)assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly等副词也可引导状语从句。表示“一……就……”。AssoonasIreachhome,Iwilltellhimthenews.\n5)a.hardly…whenb.scarcely…when/beforec.nosooner…than都相当于assoonas，用以引导时间状语从句。注意：当hardly,scarcely及nosooner位于句首时,从句中的主谓要倒装。e.g.Nosoonerhadshegonethanithappened\n.1.IwassofamiliarwithhimthatIrecognizedhisvoice______Ipickedupthephone.whileB.afterC.IncaseD.theminute2.Howlongdoyouthinkitwilltake_______ourproductbecomespopularwiththeconsumers?whenB.untilC.beforeD.since\n3.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.WithB.sinceC.AsD.While4.Hewashalfwaythroughhismeal____afamiliarvoicecametohisears.whyB.whereC.whenD.while5.Hardly______intothevillage______itbegantorain.wehadgot;whenB.wegot;thanC.hadwegot;whenD.didweget;than\n2.地点状语从句地点状语从句用连接副词where或wherever(在任何地方)引导。e.g.a.Juststaywhereyouare.b.Whereveryougo,I’llberightherewaitingforyou.\nWhenhereadsabook,hishabitistomakeamark_______themeaningisuncleartohim.A.thereB.whereverC.theplaceD.inwhich2.Ifyouaretravelling______thecustomsaretotallydifferentfromyourown,youmayfeelaculturalshock.A.intheplaceB.whichC.inwhichD.where\n3.原因状语从句原因状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态所发生的原因。引导这种从句常用的连接词是：because,since,as,for,nowthat及considering等。e.g.Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.c.f.Hemightbeill,forhedidn’tcometoschool.表示“直接”原因。表示“间接的推断”原因.不可出现在句首。\nJennywasverysadoverthelossofthephotosshehadshotatCanada,______thiswasamemorysheespeciallytreasured.A.asB.ifC.whenD.where2.Somepeoplebelievethat______oilisrunningout,thefateofthemotorindustryisuncertain.A./B.thoughC.forD.since\n4.条件状语从句条件状语从句表示主句中的某一动作或状态是在什么情况或条件下发生的。条件状语从句中通常用一般现在时表示将来。条件状语从句由从属连词引导：if,unless(除非),as/solongas(只要),oncondition(只要),incase(假使),providing/provided(that),supposing（that）（假若，倘使），onconditionthat(条件是）等。\ne.g.a.We’llcomeovertoseeyouonSaturdayifwehavetime.b.Weshouldservethepeopleas/solongaswelive.\n1.Wewillbeabletogetthereontime,_____ourcardoesn’tbreakdownontheroad.assoonasB.asfarasC.aslongasD.aswellas2.Intimeofseriousaccidents,_____weknowsomebasicthingsaboutfirstaid,wecansavelives.whetherB.untilC.ifD.unless\n3.______youhavetriedit,youcan’timaginehowpleasantitis.A.UnlessB.BecauseC.AlthoughD.When4.Theofficialsoonrealizedthat,______,thingswouldgetworse.unlessdealtwithproperlyifnotproperlydealingwithitunlessproperlydealtwithifdealtnotproperlywith\n5.让步状语从句在复合句中表示让步概念的状语从句被称为让步状语从句。通常由下列词语引导：though,although,evenif,eventhough,while,nomatterwho/…,however，as等。让步状语从句可以位于主句前、后，有时插在主句中间。\nThough/althoughThough/Althoughhewasold,heworkedhard.=Hewasoldbutheworkedhard.注意一个典型的中国错误：though/although切不可与but连用。\nas谓语动词的倒装：Tryashewould,hecouldnotrememberawordofit.(=Nomatterhowhewouldtry…)Tryashemight,hedidn’tpasstheexam.Hatehimaswemay,wemustadmithisgreatness.Searchastheywould,theycouldfindnothingintheroom.Tryasyoumay,youwillneversucceed\n状语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very,much等修饰语）MuchasIadmirehimasawriter,Idonotlikehimasaman.Muchashelikesthebike,hedoesn’twanttobuyit.HardasIstudied,Icouldnotcatchupwiththem.\n表语的倒装：（这时不可在状语之前加very,much等修饰语）Childasheis,heknowolot.\nwhilewhile引导的让步状语从句：while(=although),它引导的让步状语从句只能前置，位于句首，如：Whileyoumayberight,Ican’taltogetheragree.WhileIadmitthattheproblemsaredifficult,Idon’tagreethattheycannotbesolved\nwhether…or…whether…or…引导的让步状语从句：△这种从句也称“选择条件-让步状语从句”，可位于主句之前或之后，如：Whetherhedrivesor(whetherhe)flies,hewillbehereontime.Whetheryoulikeitornot,you’llhavetodoit.Whetherornotitrains,I’mgivingapartytomorrow.Weholdthatallcountries,(whethertheyare)bigorsmall,(whethertheyare)richorpoor,shouldbeequal.Whetheritrainsorsnows,Iwillgotonight.Shehadtogo,whetherornotshewantedit.\nwhoever,whomever,whatever,whichever由连接代词whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever引导的让步状语从句：Whoever(=nomatterwho)isunwillingtogo,Iwillgo.(whoever既相当于连接词短语nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问代词who)Whomever(=nomatterwhom)youaredealingwith,thismethodisnogood.Whatever(=nomatterwhat)happens,keepcalm.Whateverothersmaysay,youarecertainlyright.Whichever(=nomatterwhich)youchoose,wehavenoobjection.\nwhatever或whichever由连接形容词whatever或whichever引导的让步状语从句，如：Whatever(=nomatterwhat)difficultiesmayarise,wemustandcanovercomethemonebyone.(whatever既相当于nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问形容词what修饰名词difficulties。)Whichever(=nomatterwhich)roomisassignedtohim,hewillhavenoobjection.Whichevermethodyouuse,theresultismuchthesame.\nhowever,wherever或whenever由连接副词however,wherever或whenever引导的让步状语从句。例如：However(=nomatterhow)difficultthetaskmaybe,wewillfulfilitontime.(however既相当于nomatter连接主句与从句，又相当于疑问副词how修饰difficult。)Wherever(=nomatterwhere)theywent,theywerewarmlywelcomed.WheneverI’munhappy,hecheersmeup.ThedogfollowsmewhereverIgo.\neventhough和thougheventhough(=evenif)引导的从句指把握不大或假设的事情，意为“即使”、“纵然”；Mostofusignorethefoodadvice,evenif/eventhoughweknowittobetrue.\n______Iacceptthatheisnotperfect,Idoactuallyliketheperson.WhileB.sinceC.BeforeD.Unless2.Theworkersaredeterminedtogothroughwiththeirrailwayproject,____theexpenseshaverisen.aslongasB.eventhoughC.nowthatD.asthough\n3.______,heknowsmorethanotherchildrenofhisage.A.HoweveryoungchildheisB.ChildasheisC.NomatterhowyoungchildisD.Whatayoungchildheis4.Ireallywantthematch,howevermuch______.A.doesitcostB.costsitC.willitcostD.itcosts\n5.______wehavefinishedthecourse,weshallstartdoingmorerevisionwork.FornowB.NowthatC.BynowD.until6.______,theideaoffhavingtoworkunderawomandefeatedhim.WantingthejobverymuchAlthoughwantingthejobbadlyThoughhewantedthejobverymuchHewantedthejobbadly\n6.目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的连词:inorderthat…用于正式文体中，所引从句可于主句前或后。sothata.较常用，一般用于主句后,有时可分开，so有时可省;从句中要有情态动词，否则,就成为下一种句型：b.无情态动词则引导结果状语从句。forfearthat;incase;lest(以免)等。\ne.g.a.We’llsitnearerthefrontsowecanhearbetter.b.IshallwriteitdownlestIshouldforget.注意：当从句与主句的主语一致时，可用soastodo…或inordertodo…e.g.Heranfastsothathemightarrivetherebeforeteno’clock.→Heranfastsoastoarrivetherebeforeteno’clock.\n7.结果状语从句结果状语从句常位于主句之后，由so,so…that,such…that;sothat等引导。e.g.a.SoquicklydidherunthatIcouldn’tcatchupwithhim.b.Thebusbrokedownsothatwehadtowalkhome.★c.Hegottothestationfinally,onlytofindthetrainhadleft.\n8.方式状语从句描述主句动作进行方式的状语被称为方式状语。通常用下列词语引导：as,justas,asif,asthough,accordingto等。e.g.a.WemustdoasthePartytellsus.b.Leavethethingsastheyare.c.Mostplantsneedsunlightjustastheyneedwater.d.Itsoundsasifitisraining.\n9.比较状语从句比较状语从句常由下列词语引导：as…as,notso/as…as,more…than,less…than,themore+adj./adv.,themore+adj./adv.e.g.a.Heisnotso/ashealthyashisbrother.b.Theyjumpedupanddownashardastheycould.c.JohnislesscleverthanPeter.\nRosesneedspecialcare______theycanlivethroughwinter.becauseB.sothatC.evenifD.as2.Ifthingsareleft______theyare,theproblemswillneverbesettled,I’mafraid.howB.asC.whatD.where\n3.Carefulsurveyshavepointedoutthatasmanyas50percentofthepatientsdonottakedrugs_____directed.likeB.soC.whichD.as4.Idarenotgothere______myparentswillseeme.incaseofB.forfearofC.inorderthatD.forfearthat