高中英语经典句型归纳 10页

高中英语句型归纳1.bedoing/beabouttodo。beonthepointofdoing/haddone…,when…(when：这时,强调一个动作的突然发生)1).Iwaswalkingalongtheriver,whenIheardadrowningboycryforhelp.2).Iwasabouttoleavewhenitbegantorain.3).Ihadjustfinishedmytestpaperwhenthebellrang,announcingtheexamwasover.2.Itwas(not)+时间段+before+一般过去时过了一段时间就……..Itwill(not)be+时间段+before+一般现在时要过一段时间才会…Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since…..Itwas+点时间+when…..Itwas+时间状语+that…..（强调句）1).Itwasnotlongbeforehesensedthedangeroftheposition.不久他就意识到他处境危险（动作已发生）2).Itwillbehalfayearbeforeyougraduatefromtheschool.还有半年你才从这个学校毕业（动作未发生）3).Itis3yearssinceheworkedhere.=helefthere.（since从句中的谓语动词若是延续性动词，要从这个动作结束的时候算起）4).Itwas3o’clockwhentheyreceivedthetelephone.5)Itwasat3o’clockthattheyreceivedthetelephone.3.no比较级than:A与B都不………/仅仅，只有not比较级than:A不如B/不超过，至多more………than………与其….倒不如……(=notas/so……..as……)morethan=notonly不仅仅……..1).HeworksnoharderthanI.他和我都不用功2).Hedoesn’tworkharderthanI.他不如我用功3).Therearenomorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里仅有七个人4).Therearenotmorethansevenpeopleintheroom.屋里至多有七个人5).Heismorediligentthanclever.与其说他聪明，倒不如说他勤奋àHeisnotas/socleverasdiligent.6)Itismorelikeameetingthanlikeaparty.-->Itisnotasapartyasameeting7).Mr.Zhangismorethanmyteacher,heisalsomybestfriend.张先生不仅仅是我的老师，他还是我的朋友4.once…..一旦…..,表示时间和条件1)Onceyouunderstandwhattheteacherexplained,youwillhavenodifficultydoingthework.2).Onceyouhavedecidedtodosomething,youshouldfinishitanddoitwell.5.The+比较级…….，the+比较级……..越……,越……1)Themorebooksyouread,themoreknowledgeyouwillget.2)Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.10\n6.whether….or….无论是….还是….1).Whethertheweatherisgoodorbad,theywillsetoffastheyplanned.2).Anyperson,whetheryoungorold,hashisownworth.7.祈使句+or/otherwise+结果句或祈使句+and+结果句1).Stopdoingsuchfoolishthing,oryouwillbepunishedintime.2).Moreeffort,andtheproblemwouldhavebeensettled.3).Thinkitover,andyouwillfindtheanswer.8.so/such……..that…….引导结果状语从句时须注意l当名词前many,much,little,few有修饰时,用so不用such因为此时的中心词不再是名词，而是many,much,little,few这些表示数量的词。1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarthattheyputonweighteasily.2).Therearesofewfishinthelakethatwecouldn’tfishthemeasily.l当名词是单数可数名词，前面又由adj.修饰时，注意冠词的位置，即so+adj+a(n)+n或such+a(n)+adj.+n1).Heissuchanhonestperson/sohonestapersonthatyoucandependonhimwhenyouareintrouble.l当so/such引导的部分位于句首时，主句要用部分倒装结构1).Suchgreatprogresshashemadeinhisstudiesthatwealladmirehim.l当主从句主语一致时可与动词不定式相互转换,即变成so/such…….astodo结构。1).Thewesternerseatsomuchfatandsugarastoputonweighteasily.9.sothat引导目的状语从句与结果状语从句lsothat引导目的状语从句时常与情态动词连用（=inorderthat），当主从句主语一致时可转换为soastodo/inordertodo.1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothathecouldhearthenewsclearly.Heturneduptheradioalittlesoastohearthenewsclearly.2).Heclosedallthewindowswhiledrivingsothatheshouldn’tcatchcold.(否定句中情态动词用shouldn’t)lsothat引导结果状语从句一般不与情态动词连用1).Heturneduptheradioalittlesothatheheardthenewsclearly.10.Howdidsbcometodo…..?=Howcomethat….为什么会…../……是怎么回事？表示要求对所发生的事情说明理由或做出解释1).Howdidyoucometofindoutwhereshe’sliving?=Howcomethatyoufoundout….你是怎么打听到她住在哪儿的?2).Howcomethatyousatthere,doingnothing?为什么坐在那儿什么也不干?3).Howdidhecometobesofoolish?11.everytime/eachtime/nexttime/thefirsttime/anytime等短语引导时间状语从句，表示“每当…..,每次…..,下次…..”1).Everytimeyoumeetwithnewwordswhilereading,don’talwaysrefertoyourdictionary.àWhenyoumeetwithnewwordseverytime…..10\n2)Nexttimeyoucome,doremembertobringyoursonhere.3)Youarewelcometocomebackanytimeyouwantto.12Thereis(no)needtodo…../for….-àItis(not)necessaryforsb.todo….Thereis(no)hope/chance/possibilityofdoing….Thereis(no)difficulty/trouble/point/delay(in)doing1).Isthereanychanceofus/ourwinningthematch?2).Thereisnopointindiscussingtheproblemagain.Therebe句型：ltherebe之后如有几个并列主语，be动词的选择要取决于第一个主语，即就近原则。1).Thereisapenandtwobooksonthedesk.-->Therearetwobooksandapenonthedesk.lTherebe句型中，be动词还有其他变化形式，常见的有：Thereseemtobe,Therehappentobe,Thereusedtobe,Thereislikelytobe,Therehavebeen/hasbeen等1).Thereseems/appearstobemuchhopeofourteamwinningthematch.2).TherehappenedtobenobodyintheroomwhenIcamein.3).Therehavebeengreatchangesinmyhometownsince1978.4).Thereusedtobeabusstationatthecornerofthestreet.5).Therearelikelytobemoredifficultiesthanexpectedwhilewearecarryingouttheplan.13.it强调句：l基本构成形式：Itis/was+被强调部分+who/that+原句剩余部分e.g.:Imethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.àItwasIwho/thatmethiminthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调是我，不是别人)àItwashimwho/thatImetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon.(强调我遇见的是他，不是别人)àItwasinthestreetthatImethimyesterdayafternoon.(强调是在大街上，不是在别的地方，强调的是地点，但不用where)àItwasyesterdayafternoonthatImethiminthestreet(强调是昨天下午，不是在别的时候,强调的是时间，但不用when)l强调句的一般疑问句：Is/Wasit+被强调部分+who/that+原句剩余部分l强调句的特殊疑问句：What/When/Where/Who/How……is/wasit+who/that+原句剩余部分1).Whowasitthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?àTellmewhoitwasthat/whoyoumetinthestreetyesterdayafternoon?14.do,did,does用于强调谓语动词，加强语气1).Heisagoodstudent.-->Hedoesbeagoodstudent2).Hehelpedusyesterday.àHedidhelpusyesterday.3).Becareful!àDobecareful!15.not/never…….until直到…..才1).Thevillagersdidn’trealizehowseriousthepollutionwasuntilallthefishdiedintheriver.àItwasnotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverthatthevillagersrealizedhowseriousthe10\npollutionwas.(强调句)àNotuntilallthefishdiedintheriverdidthevillagersrealizehowseriousthepollutionwas.（倒装句）16．notonly…..but(also)…..l引导并列结构：主语时，谓语动词与邻近的一个主语保持一致。1).Notonlytheteacherbutalsothestudentshavetheireyesexaminedregularly.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacherhashiseyesexaminedregularly.2).Theysuggestedweshouldnotonlyattendtheparty,butgiveaperformance.àTheysuggestedweshouldgiveaperformanceaswellasattendthepartylnotonly…..but(also)…..引导并列句时，notonly引导的部分置于句首时要部分倒装1).Notonlywaseverythinghehadtakenaway,butalsohisGermancitizenshipwastakenaway.2).Notonlyshouldwestudentsstudyhard,butalsoweshouldknowhowtoenjoyourselvesinoursparetime.16.prefertodoAratherthandoB…（两者相比）愿意干A而不愿意干B==wouldratherdoAthandoB1).Iprefertostayathomeratherthangototheparkinsuchweather.2).Ratherthanrideonacrowdedbus,healwaysprefertorideabicycle.18.wouldrather+从句（从句要用虚拟语气，即从句中谓语动词用一般过去式，表示现在或将来的愿望；从句中谓语动词用过去完成时，表示对过去的愿望）1).I’dratheryoupostedtheletterrightnow.我想让你现在就把信寄出去。2).---Afriendofyourswillcometoseeyoutoday.你的一位朋友今天要来看你。---I’dratherhecameheretomorrow.我倒情愿他明天来。3).I’dratheryouwerenotacelebratedactor.Inthatcase,wecouldspendmoretimetogether.我倒情愿你不是什么名演员，这样我们可以有更多的时间在一起。4).I’dratherIhadn’tseenheryesterday.我情愿昨天没见到她。不能用wouldrathersb.do（更愿让某人干某事）的形式，可转化为wouldratherhavesbdo或转化为wouldrather+从句**1).Whowouldyourather_____withtheteacherabouttheproblem?A.talkingB.talkC.havetalkedD.havetalk答案：D19.so,neither/nor引导得倒装句l表示“另一者也如如此”及前者的情况也适用于后者，用so,neither/nor引导得倒装句，助动词的选择依据前一句的谓语动词。1).Hehasfinishedhishomework,sohaveI.2).Mysisterpreferscoffee,sodoI.3).Johncan’trideabicycle,neither/norcanI.4).Ifhebuysthebook,sowillhisclassmates.l若前句的谓语动词既有肯定又有否定形式时，或谓语动词不属于一类时，用Itis/wasthesamewithsb.或Soitis/waswithsb.10\n1).Heisaworkerandheworkshard,soitiswithJohn.l若后一句是对前一句所说的内容表示赞同或认可，则主语和谓语不倒装。1).---Itiscoldtoday.---Yes.Soitis2).---HevisitedTokyolastweek.---Yes.Sohedid.20.倍数表达法：lA+谓语+倍数+the+n.(size/height/length……)+ofBlA+谓语+倍数+as+abj.+asBlA+谓语+倍数+adj.比较级+thanBàA+谓语+adj.比较级+thanB+by+倍数1).Thissquareistwicethesizeofthatone.àThissquareistwiceaslargeasthatone.àThissquareisoncelargerthanthatone.2).Thisfactoryproducedthreetimesasmanycarsastheydid10yearsago.3).Heis3yearsolderthanI-àHeisolderthanIby3years21.sb.spendmoney/timeonsth./indoingsthsb.paymoney(tosb)forsth.sth.costsb.money/timeIttakessb.sometimetodosth.1).ThetimehespendswatchingTVisasmuchashedoesdoinghishomework.2).Themp3.forwhichhepaidonly￥150provedtobeuseful.3).Thenaughtyboycosthismothermanysleeplessnights.22.as/with表示“随……进展”，as后面接句子，with后面接短语1).Withtheindustrydeveloping,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.àAstheindustrydevelops,thepollutionisbecomingmoreandmoreserious.23.with的复合结构（作状语或作定语）lwith+n.+adj.(with可以省略)1).(With)thestreetwetandslippery,wehadtorideourbikesslowlyandcarefully.àBecausethestreetwerewetandslippery,……….2).Thestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,(with)theireyeswideopen.àThestudentswerelisteningtotheteacher,andtheireyeswerewideopen.lwith+n.+adv.(with可以省略)1).Heputonhiscoathurriedly,(with)thewrongsideoutlwith+n.+prep-phrase(with可以省略)1).Theoldmanwasseatedinthesofa,(with)apipeinhismouth.(Also:pipeinmouth)lwith+n.+todo/tobedone（动词不定式的动作还未进行）with+n.+doing/beingdone（动词不定式的动作正在进行）with+n.+done（动词不定式的动作已经完成或指n.所处的状态）1).Withsomanyproblemstosettle,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardyear.2).Hewaslyinginbed,withhiseyesfixedontheceiling3).Withthetemplebeingrepaired,wecan’tvisitedit.10\n24.以here,there,in,out,up,down等副词开头的倒装句(多用一般现在时表示正在进行的动作。)1).Herecomesthebus!(=Thebusiscominghere!)2).Awayhewent.他走远了（若主语是代词则主语与谓语不倒装）25方位状语位于句首时的倒装句1).Infrontofthehousestoppedapolicecar.2).Underthetreesataboy,withabookinhishand.26.具有否定意义的副词或短语位于句首时句子要部分倒装。常用的此有：little,never,seldom,hardly,rarely,nosooner,innotime,bynomeans,innocase等1).Notasinglemistakedidhemakeintheexam.2).Innotimedidthemanrealizewhatwashappening.3).Innocasecanyoutellhimthetruth.4).Hardlyhadthetrainleftwhenherememberedhehadlefthissuitcaseonit.Nosoonerhadthetrainleftthanherememberedhehadlefthissuitcaseonit.27.themoment,theminute,immediately,directly,ondoing…表示“一….就”1).Onarriving(hisarrival)attheairport,hewassurroundedbythereporters.2).---HaveyougiveJohnthebook?---Yes,themomentIsawhim.28.while/but：while侧重两者之间的对比，but多指一件事的两个对立面。1).HelikeslisteningtomusicwhileIlikewatchingTV.2).Ibadlywantedthatbook,butIhaven’tenoughmoney.29.onlytodo作结果状语，多用来表示出人意料、结局令人沮丧的结果。动词多是终结性的词，如：find,learn,tobetold,tobecaught等1).Hisfatherdisappeared,nevertoheardfromagain.2).Hehurriedtohisoffice,onlytobetoldthathewasdismissed.30.only+状语的结构放在句首，主句要部分倒装1).Theteachertoldmethatonlyinthatway,couldIlearnEnglishwell.2).Ireceivedmymother’scallat11a.m.,onlythendidIrememberitwasmybirthdaytoday.31.Whatdoyouthinkof……?（这三个句式用来询问某人对某个事物的评价或看法，Howdoyoufind……?其回答应该是评价性的话语）Howdoyoulike…..?1).---Howdoyoufindthefilmlastnight?---Ihaveneverseenaworseonebefore.32.Whatis/was………like?用来询问人或事物的特征或本质1).---Whatisyourmotherlike?---Sheisaveryniceperson./Sheisverybeautiful./Shelookslikeherfather.2).---Whatistheweathergoingtobethisweekend?---Itisgoingtobefine.33.taste,smell,look,sound,feel等感官动词作为系动词后面要接adj.作表语。1).Appleofthiskindtasteverynice.10\n2).Smellingnice,thiskindofbreadsellswell.34.有些动词常用作不及物动词与well或easily连用，表示某物具备的某种特征。常用的词有sell,cut,wash,last,burn等。1).Hislatestworksellswell2).Drywoodburnseasily.35.否定词与比较级连用，表达最高级的含义1).Ihaveneverseenabetterfilm.2).Ican’tagreeyoumore.我非常同意36．It的句型1.不定式作主语，it作形式主语：It+系动词+adj./n..+forsb.todo(forsb.表示动词不定式动作的执行者)It+系动词+adj.+ofsb.todo（ofsb.既表示动词不定式动作的执行者有表示人所具备的性质或特征）1).It’simportantforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish.2).Howrudeofhimtotreatachildlikethat!3).It’sthoughtfulofhimtofixusupforthenight.2.不定式作宾语，it作形式宾语：主语+think/consider/believe/make/feel+it+adj./n.+forsb./ofsb.+todo1).Ifeelitfoolishofhimtobelievesuchaman.2).Thetimelyrainhadmadeitpossibleforthecropstogrowwell.3.Itissaid/thought/hoped/believed…..that……Sb.issaid/thought/hoped/believedtodo…..1).Itissaidthatheisstudyingabroad.-->Heissaidtobestudyingabroad.2).ItisconsideredthatmanycountrieshighlyvalueChina’sroleinhelpingworld’speace.àManycountriesisconsideredtohighlyvalueChina’sroleinhelpingworld’speace.4.whenitcomesto…..当谈到或涉及到……1).Heisamanoffewwords,butwhenitcomestoplayingcomputer,hewillbeexcitedandfullofenergy.2).Whenitcomestohelpinghiswifewiththehousework,Johnnevercomplains.5.Itisuptosb.todosth.应由某人来做某事……..1)---Whenshallwestartout?---It’suptoyoutodecide.2).It’suptoyoutobabysitmysowhileIamawayonbusiness..beuptosth.忙于…..,从事…….,胜任…..1).Johnisn’treallyuptothatjob.约翰不适合干那项工作2).Whathaveyoubeenuptorecently?最近你一直在忙些什么6.Itistimetodo/Itistimethat+主语+动词的一般过去式该是做…..的时候了Itistimethatweendedthediscussion.10\n36.虚拟语气中的重点句型lIf+were/did(动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would,could,might,should）+do（用来表示对现在情况的假设）1).Idon’thaveacellphone.IfIhadone,itwouldbeconvenientformetocontractothers.lIf+haddone(过去完成式)，主语+情态动词（would,could,might,should）+havedone（用来表示对过去情况的假设）1).IfIhadgonetotheconcert,Iwouldhaveseenthefamoussinger.lIf+were/did(动词过去式)，主语+情态动词（would,could,might,should）+doweretodoshoulddo（用来表示对将来情况的假设）1).IfIwerenottotake/shouldtake/tooktheexamtomorrow,Iwouldgoshoppingwithyou.l虚拟语气条件句的倒装：在虚拟语气条件句中，如果出现助动词were,should,had，可省略if,把这些词提到主语前面，变成倒装句。1).Shouldheactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.àIfheshouldactlikethatagain,……Werehetoactlikethatagain,hewouldbefined.àIfheweretoactlikethatagain,……***Ifheactedlikethatagain,……（不可以倒装）2).Hadthedoctorcomeintimelastnight,theboywouldhavebeensaved.àIfthedoctorhadcomeintimelastnight,………..3).IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldgotothefilmwithyou.（不可以倒装,因为句中的had不是助动词）lButfor….-->Ifitwerenotfor…../Ifithadn’tbeenfor1).Butforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboardwouldn’thavebeensaved.àIfithadn’tbeenforthedeterminedcaptain,allthepassengersonboard……2).Butforyourrichparents,youwouldn’tlivesuchaeasylife.àIfitwerenotforyourrichparents,youwouldn’tlivesuchaeasylife.l再suggest,insist,demand,require,request,order,advise,propose等表示建议、要求、命令、主张的动词引导的名词性从句中，从句的谓语动词要用(should)do的形式1).MotherinsistedthatJohn(should)gotobedbefore9o’olock.对比：HeinsistedthatIhadtakenawayhisdictionary.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张）2).HissuggestionthatTony(should)beinvitedtothepartywasrefused.（同位语从句）对比：Hiswordssuggestedthathewasveryangrywithme.（不是建议、要求、命令或主张）37.asif/asthough…..（表示与事实相反，用虚拟；若表示即将成为事实或有可能成为事实，则用陈述语气）1).Hewasingreattrouble,butheactedasifnothinghadhappened.2).Althoughtheyjustmetforthefirsttime,theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsformanyyears3).Thecloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.38.n./adj./adv./v.+as/though+主语+谓语，……尽管……,…….引导让步状语从句10\n1).Childasheis,IalreadyknowwhatcareerIwanttofollow.2).Tryashemight,hecouldn’tsolvetheproblem.3).MuchasIrespecthim,Ican’tagreewithhisidea.39.ratherthan1).Itisbettertoaskforhelpatthebeginningratherthantowaituntilabusyperiodwheneveryoneisrushedofftheirfeet.2).Itisthebosswhoistoblameratherthantheworkers.40.疑问词+ever=nomatter+疑问词,引导让步状语从句或名词性从句1).Whichever(=Nomatterwhich)youlike,youcantakeitaway.(让步状语从句)Youcantakeawaywhichever(=anyonethat)youlike(名词性从句)2).Wheneveryoucomes,youwillbewelcome.(让步状语从句)3).Whateverhappens,Iwillsupportyou.(让步状语从句)4).Whoeverbreaksthelaw,hewillcertainlybepunished.(让步状语从句)àWhoeverbreaksthelawwillcertainlybepunished.(名词性从句)5).Howevergreatthedifficultyis,wecanovercomeit.(让步状语从句)41.if/aslongas/solongas/providingthat/providedthat/supposingthat/onconditionthat假如…..1).Iwilllendyoumoneyonconditionthatyoucanreturnitwithin3months.42.giventhat/consideringthat考虑到…..,鉴于……1).Givenherinterestinchildren/Giventhatsheisinterestedinchildren,I’msureteachingistherightcareerforher.2).Consideringhisageandhisexperience,hehasdonewell.43.incasethat/incaseof…..万一…..,以防…..1).Incaseoffire,pleasedial119atonce.2).IncasethatJohncomes/Johnshouldcome,tellhimtowait.44.cannever/can’t与too,toomuch,enough,over-搭配表示“无论怎样….都不过分”1).Whileyouaredoingyourhomework,youcan’tbecarefulenough.2).Heissuchagreatmanthatwecan’tpraisehimtoomuch.3).WilliamHartleywashandsome,determinedandhardworking,inaword,Icouldn’tspeaktoohighlyofhim.4).ThedevelopmentofsocietyhasmadeitnecessaryforustohaveagoodknowledgeofEnglish,sowecan’toveremphasizetheimportanceoflearningEnglish.5).Sinceitisagoodthing,wecan’tdoittoosoon.45.表示过去原打算干，却未曾实现的愿望、打算或意图lhadhopedtodo=hopedtohavedone.。类似的词还有：expect,think,intend,design,plan,mean,suppose等lwouldlike/prefer/lovetohavedonelwas/weetohavedonelwas/weresupposedtohavedone10\n1).---Didyougotoseethefilm“Titanic”lastnight?---I’dliketohave,butIhadanunexpectedguest.2).Theplanewastohavetakeoffat7thismorning,butwasheldupbytheheavyfog.46．.AsfarasI'mconcerned/…就我而言,…….AsfarasI'mconcerned,|thinkweshouldpaymoreattentiontothesafetyofschoolchildren.就我而言,我认为我们应该更关注在校儿童的安全问题.5.AsfarasIknow,...据我所知,…….Asfaraslknow,heisnotcoming,butlmaybewrong.据我所知,他不打算来,但我或许会弄错.10