高中英语晨读与练习 6页

III．文化DifferentCountriesHaveDifferentKindsofEnglishes一．知识必备：1.必考词汇：importantadj.重要的frequentlyadv.频繁地officialadj.官方的actuallyadv.事实上graduallyadv.逐渐地expressionn.表达fluentlyad.流利地2.必考短语：playanimportantpartinplayanimportantpartin……在……发挥重要作用atpresent目前，现在suchas例如basedon……以……为基础theusageof……的使用makeuseof利用byelevator乘电梯insteadof代替，取而代之3.必认词汇：Englandn.英格兰languagen.语言commonadj.普通的Africann.非洲，非洲人adj.非洲的，非洲人的spellingn.拼写vocabularyn.词汇foreignern.外国人commandvt.命令latteradv.以后，之后requestvt.请求apartmentn.公寓taxin.出租车accentn.口音usagen.使用spreadvt.传播nativeadj.本族的recognizevt.辩认出4.必考句型：（1）Atpresent,Englishisfrequentlyspokenasanofficialorcommonlanguageinmanycountries,suchasAmerica,Singapore,MalaysiaandsomeAfricancountries.目前，英语在许多国家被作为官方语言或通用语言频繁地使用，例如美国、新加坡、马来西亚和一些非洲的国家。(2）AllbasedonBritishEnglish,theEnglishspokeninthesecountriescanbewell\nunderstoodbynativeEnglishspeakers.这些国家的英语都以英语为基础，能很好地为以英语为本族语的人所理解。(3)Becauseofthisfact,youcanmakeuseofthedifferencestotellwhichcountrytheforeignersofyourblockarefrom.因为这一情况的存在，你就可以利用这些英语之间的区别说出你们街区的外国人是哪个国家来的了。(4)Butactually,theseEnglisheshavebeengraduallychanginginaccents,spellings,expressionsandtheusageofvocabulary.但是实际上，这些英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇的使用方面都在逐渐变化。一．文章必读DifferentCountriesHaveDifferentKindsofEnglishesVoyagesofpeoplefromEnglandplayanimportantpartinspreadingtheEnglishlanguage.Atpresent,Englishisfrequentlyspokenasanofficialorcommonlanguageinmanycountries,suchasAmerica,Singapore,MalaysiaandsomeAfricancountries.AllbasedonBritishEnglish,theEnglishspokeninthesecountriescanbewellunderstoodbynativeEnglishspeakers.Butactually,theseEnglisheshavebeengraduallychanginginaccents,spellings,expressionsandtheusageofvocabulary.Becauseofthisfact,youcanmakeuseofthedifferencestotellwhichcountrytheforeignersofyourblockarefrom.Forexample,ifabossfluentlycommandshisdriver,“Comeupstraighttomyapartmentbyelevatorandtakesomegasformytrucksandcabs”,insteadofrequesting,“Pleasecometomyflatbyliftandtakesomepetrolformylorriesandtaxis”,youcanrecognizehisAmericanidentity,whilethelattersuggeststhatheisBritish.二．难点必释：（一）.词汇讲解1.importantadj.重要的，作表语，定于语，宾语补足语。（相当于ofimportance,重要句型为：itisimportanttodo……）ItisimportanttostudyEnglishwell.学好英语是重要的。2.frequentlyadv.频繁地，往往。形容词是frequent，频繁的，时常发生的。Heisangrybyitsfrequentrulechanges.他因为时常发生的规则变化生气。3.actuallyadv.事实上，形容词是actual，真实的，实际的，现在的。Whatwereisactualwords?他的原话是什么？\n4.graduallyadv.逐渐地，形容词是gradual,逐渐的，逐步的。Recoveryfromthediseaseisverygradual.这种疾病的康复过程缓慢。5.expressionn.表达，express.有动词表达的意思，也有名词特快列车的意思。express.Yourfeeling表达你的情感，Dalianexpress大连特快列车6.officialadj.官方的,正式的，公务的，公职的，Thegoodsereexportedwithofficialconnivance.这些商品是在官方的默许下出口的。official作名词是公务员，行政官员的意思。7.fluentlyad.流利地，流畅地Ican’tspeakEnglishfluently.我不能流利地说英语。fluently的形容词是fluent,流利的，流畅的，名词是fluency.流利，流畅。HespeaksEnglishandFrenchwithequalfluency.他说英语和法语同样流利。（二）句型讲解1.VoyagesofpeoplefromEnglandplayanimportantpartinspreadingtheEnglishlanguage.英国人的航海在英语的传播中扮演了重要的角色。playanimportantpartin……在……发挥重要作用，Chinaisplayinganplayanimportantpartintheworld.中国在世界上发挥重要作用。2.AllbasedonBritishEnglish,theEnglishspokeninthesecountriescanbewellunderstoodbynativeEnglishspeakers.这些国家的英语都以英语为基础，能很好地为以英语为本族语的人所理解。basedon以……为基础。Thebookisbasedonanovel.这本书以小说为基础编写的。bewellunderstood被很好地理解。understood是understand的过去式，在这里表被动，表示被理解。（misunderstood是误解的意思）3.Butactually,theseEnglisheshavebeengraduallychanginginaccents,spellings,expressionsandtheusageofvocabulary.但是实际上，这些英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇的使用方面都在逐渐变化。actually副词，事实上，实际，相当于infact.actvt.扮演，actorn.男演员，actressn.女演员，actionn.行动，行为takeaction采取行动。havebeengraduallychanging正在逐渐改变，在这里是现在完成进行时。4.Atpresent,Englishisfrequentlyspokenasanofficialorcommonlanguageinmanycountries,suchasAmerica,Singapore,MalaysiaandsomeAfricancountries.在当前，英语被很多国家用作官方语言和通常语言，例如在美国，新加坡，马来西亚和一些非洲国家。\nsuchas例如，常用于举例子。Ilikemanyfruits,suchasapples,bananas,andsoon.我喜欢很多水果，例如苹果，橡胶等。5.“Comeupstraighttomyapartmentbyelevatorandtakesomegasformytrucksandcabs”,insteadofrequesting,.不用请求，直接给我车带些由乘电梯来我公寓。insteadof代替，取而代之，后跟名词，代词或名词短语。Iwillgoinsteadofher.我代替她去。1.Becauseofthisfact,youcanmakeuseofthedifferencestotellwhichcountrytheforeignersofyourblockarefrom.由于这个事实，你可以利用这些区别告诉外国人来自哪个国家哪个街区。makeuseof利用……，使用……，后跟名词或名词短语。makegooduseof好好利用……，好好使用……，Pleasemakegooduseofyoursparetime.请好好利用你的闲暇时间。一．练习必做1.默写下列单词（1）_______　重要的　　（2）____实际上　　（3）______目前　　（4）_____　表达　　（5）_____　口音　（6）______词汇（8）_______本族语的（9）_____使用（名词）2.写出下列单词的意思：（1）official______（2）common______(3)fluently______(4)command______(6)spelling_____(7)identity______(8)foreigner______(9)apartment______3.改错（下列句子中，每句有1-2处有错，请找出并改正。）（1）Atpresent,Englishisfrequentlyspeakingasanofficialorcommonlanguageinmanycountries.（2）Butactually,theseEnglisheshavebeengraduallychangedinaccents,spellings,expressionsandtheusageofvocabulary.（3）Becauseofthisfact,youcanmakeuseofthedifferencetotellwhichcountrytheforeignersofyourblockarefrom.（4）Pleasecometomyflatbyliftandtakesomepetrolsformylorriesandtaxis.（5）VoyagesofpeoplefromEnglandplayanimportantpartinspreaddingtheEnglishlanguage.4.语法填空\nVoyagesofpeoplefromEnglandplayanimportantpartin___1__（spread）theEnglishlanguage.Atpresent,Englishisfrequently___2__(speak)asanofficialorcommonlanguageinmanycountries,suchasAmerica,Singapore,Malaysiaandsome___3___(Africa)countries.AllbasedonBritishEnglish,theEnglishspokeninthesecountriescanbewell___4__(understand)bynativeEnglishspeakers.Butactually,theseEnglisheshavebeengradually__5__(change)inaccents,spellings,expressionsandthe___6__(use)ofvocabulary.Becauseofthisfact,youcanmakeuseofthedifferencestotellwhichcountrytheforeignersofyourblockarefrom.Forexample,ifaboss___7__(fluent)commandshisdriver,“Comeupstraighttomyapartmentbyelevatorandtakesomegasformytrucksandcabs”,insteadofrequesting,“Pleasecometomyflatbyliftandtakesomepetrolformy___8___(lorry)andtaxis”,youcanrecognizehisAmericanidentity,whilethelattersuggeststhatheisBritish.参考答案：1.默写下列单词（1）important　重要的　　（2）actually实际上　　（3）present目前　　（4）expression　表达（名词）　　（5）accent口音　（6）vocabulary词汇（8）native本族语的（9）usage使用（名词）2.写出下列单词的意思：（1）official官方的（2）common普通的(3)fluently流利地(4)command命令(6)spelling拼写(7)identity身份(8)foreigner外国人(9)apartment公寓3.改错（下列句子中，每句有1-2处有错，请找出并改正。）（1）speaking改为spoken.(2)changed改为changing.(3))difference改为differences.(4)petrols改为petrol.(5)spreadding改为spreading.4.语法填空(1)spreading(2)spoken(3)African(4)understood(5)changing(6)usage(7)fluently(8)lorries\n