高中英语重点句型归纳 9页

SENTENCEEXPLANATIONS1•［原句］Aconventionalartistofthisperiodwasnotinterestedinshowingnatureandpeopleastheyreallywere.［翻译］这个阶段的常规艺术家对于如实地展现自然和人物不感兴趣。［点拨］此句屮as作连词，引导方式状语从句。astheywere意为“照他们本來的样子”。又如：Thetrousersareratherlong,butFlltakethemjustastheyare.这条裤子有点儿长，不过，就这样吧，就要这条了。Awitnessmuststatethefactsastheyare.目击者必须如实地阐述事实。［小试］用astheyare/were翻译下列句子。①你最好接受事物的现状。②最后，他别无选择只好顺其自然。Key:①Youhadbettertakethingsastheyare.②Finallyhehadnochoicebuttoleavethingsastheywere.2.［原句］AmongthepainterswhobrokeawayfromthetraditionalstyleofpaintingweretheImpressionists,wholivedandworkedinParis.［翻译］在那些突破传统画法的画家中有在巴黎生活和工作的印象派画家。［点拨］此句是一个复合句。其主句为AmongthepaintersweretheImpressionists,是一个倒装句，倒装形式是：表语+be+主语。止常语序是：TheImpressionistswereamongthepainters□该复合句的从句为由who引导的两个定语从句，分别修饰thepainters和theImpressionists。3・|原句］Ontheonehand,somemodemartisabstract;thatis,thepainterdoesnotattempttopaintobjectsasweseethemwithoureyes,butinsteadconcentrateson\ncertainqualitiesoftheobject,usingcolour,lineandshapetorepresentthem.［翻译］一方而，有些现代艺术是抽彖的，也就是说，画家并不打算把我们用眼睛看到的东西如实地画出来，而是集中展现物体的某些品质特性，用色彩、线条和形状把它们呈现出来。［点拨］本句中的thatis可以写作thatistosay,意为“换句话说”,相当于inotherwords,用于更清楚地解释刚刚说过的话。解释部分主语是thepain血，谓语是由not...but...连接的两个并列谓语。TOPICREADING威廉•梅里特•切斯是美国著名的绘画艺术大师。他不仅描绘了一幅幅优美的山水画，而且也塑造了惟妙惟肖的人物画像。WilliamMerrittChaseWilliamMerrittChasewasbornonNovember1st,1849inNineveh,Indiana.AfterjoiningandleavingtheNavyin1869,hedecidedtoleaveIndianaandheadofftoNewYorktostudyart.Whilethere,hestudiedatTheNationalAcademyofDesign.In1870heleftNewYorktohelpsupporthisfamilyinSt.Louis,whereheworkedasastill-lifepainterandstartedtomakeanameforhimself.ThewealthyartcollectorsinSt.LouisdecidedtoexpandhistalentinEuropeandtheysponsored（资助）a5・yearstayinMunichinreturnforpaintings.ChasereturnedbacktotheUnitedStatesin1878andopenedastudioinNewYorkCity.HewasamemberoftheTilers,agroupofartistsincludingWinslowHomer,J.AldenWeirandArthurQuartley.Heoftenpaintedportraitsofhisfamily,hiswifeAliceandhis8children.Asidefrompaintingportraits,WilliamMerrittChasealsolikedusingvibrant（鲜丰色白勺）colorstopaintlandscapes.NewYorkCityparkswereoftenthesubjectforthoselandscapes.WilliamChaseenjoyedusingoilpaintstopaintthesepaintings.Healsousedwatercolors,pastels（蜡笔）andetchings（蚀刻）.Hisstudiowasfilled\nwithportraits,landscapes,andcityscapes.TheportraitofuLadyinBlack"isaperfectexampleofWilliamMerrittChase"sstyle.ItcurrentlyhangsinthePhiladelphiaMuseumofArt.Thebrushstrokes,althoughwide,don"thidetheintricate（复杂精细的）detailsofthewoman'sface.It"sapiecethatleavestheviewerswantingmore,andoftenleavesthemwonderingwhatthe"LadyinBlack"wasthinkingabout.WilliamMerrittChasewasalsofamousforhisteachingandartistictraining.HehadastrongfollowingofyoungstudentsinNewYorkCityandwasafoundingmemberoftheSocietyofAmericanArtistsandin1880waselectedpresident.ChasediedonOctober25,1916inNewYorkCity.Fillintheblanks.WilliamMerrittChase'sLife1849Hewas1inNineveh.Indiana.1869HeleftforNewYorktolearn2•3HeleftNewYorkforSt.Louis.1878Hesetup4ofhisown.Hewouldliketopaintnotonly5butalsolandscapesandcityscapes.Hismasterpieceistheportraitof1880Hewasmade7oftheSocietyofAmericanArtists.1916Hepassedawayin8•Key:1.born2.art3.18704.astudio5.portraits6.LadyinBlack7.president8.NewYorkCity1.Ifyoucouldhavethreeofthesepaintingsonthewallsofyourclassroom,whichwouldyouchoose?\n［考点］讦引导的虚拟条件句与现在事实相反，从句的谓语动词用一般过去时，主句的谓语动词用“would/should/could/might+动词原形"。［考例1］IfIplantodoanythingIwantedto,FdliketogotoTibetandtravelthroughasmuchofitaspossible.（湖北2005）A.wouldB.couldC.hadtoD.oughtto［点拨］表示与现在事实相反，if从句的谓语要用一般过去时。再根据句意“如果我能计划做我想做的事，我愿意……二所以选B。1.Atypicalpictureatthistimewasfullofreligioussymbols,whichcreatedafeelingofrespectandloveforGod.［考点|typicaladj.典型的，有代表性的；（某人或某事物）特有的，常用于句型:Itistypicalofsb.todosth.o［考例］Jackislateagain.Itisofhimtokeepotherswaiting.（江西2008）normalB・ordinaryC.commonD.typical［点拨］本题考查句型：Itistypicalofsb.todosth.onormal正常的;ordinary普通的；common常见的。2.Ontheotherhand,somepaintingsofmodernartaresorealisticthattheylooklikephotographs.［考点］ontheotherhand意为“另一方面”，引出不同的,尤指对立的观点。［考例］Iwouldlikeajobwhichpaysmore,butIenjoytheworkFmdoingatthemoment.（浙江2006）A.inotherwordsB.ontheotherhandC.foronethingD.asamatteroffact\n［点拨］由but前后分句内容可知，前后分句是转折关系，故用ontheotherhandoinotherwords意为"换句话说”；foronething意为“一来,一方面”，常与foranotherthing连用；asamatteroffact意为"事实上虚拟语气（一）［语法导读］虚拟语气表示说话者的愿望、假设、怀疑或推测，所说的话或与现在事实相反，或与过去事实相反，或与将来事实相反，它通过谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。我们现在就以下面这两个句子为例来迈入虚拟语气的大门。1•Heisbusynow.Ifhewerefree,hewouldgowithyou.2.1wishIcouldgotothemoviewithyoutonight,butIhavetofinishmyhomeworkthen.第1个句子中的“忙碌''是现在的事实，这样后而句子中的“空闲”则是与现在事实相反的假设，所以“和你一起去"也与现在事实相反。因此，if从句的谓语用一般过去式were（be动词的过去式一般用were）,而主句的谓语用“would+动词原形第2个句子中的主句的谓语是wish,从后面but表示的转折的意义看，“今晚我去看电影"是不现实的，所以从句的谓语用"could+动词原形二［寻规找矩］请观察下列几组句子，特别要注意其中谓语动词的不同形式。1.a.IfIwereyou,Iwouldaccepttheinvitationandattendthemeeting.b.Ifhestudiedharder,hewouldpassalltheexaminations.2.a.Iwishitwerespringinmyhometownalltheyearround.b.Peterwishesthathehadstudiedlawinsteadofliteraturewhenhewasincollege.c.Iwishitwouldstoprainingsoonsothatwecouldgohikingasplanned.［功能小结］通过观察分析以上儿组例句，我们可以发现与之相对应的虚拟语气的用法：一、虚拟语气用在条件句中与现在事实相反：从句的谓语用一般过去式（be动词的过去式通常用were）,主句的谓语用“would/should/could/might+动词原形"。二、虚拟语气用在wish引导的宾语从句中\n在wish后接的宾语从句中，谓语要用过去的某种时态表示虚拟语气。1.表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语用一般过去式；2.表示过去不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语用“had+过去分词”或“could/would4-have4-过去分词”；3.表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句的谓语用“would/could+动词原形”。［即学即练］1.用括号内所给动词的适当形式完成下列句子。1.1failedtheexam.HowIwishI(remember)allthoseEnglishwordsbeforethetest!2.IfI(be)tenyearsyounger,Iwouldaccepttheofferanddothejob・3.Wewishwe(live)onthemooninthefuture.4.1don'tknowtheword.IfI(know)themeaningofit,Iwouldn^thavetolookitup.II.从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1.一HaveyoueverbeentoBeijing?一No,butIwishI•A.haveB.willC.doD.had2.Iftherewerenowaterintheworld,everything•A.willdieB.woulddieC・wouldhavediedD.havedied3.1wishthatIwithyoulastnight.A.couldhavegoneB.couldgoC.havegoneD.went4.IfIyou,ImoreattentiontoEnglishidiomsandphrases.A.was;shallpayB・am;willpayC.wouldbe;wouldpayD.were;wouldpay5.1wishthatyousuchabadheadachebecauseFmsurethatyouwouldhaveenjoyedtheconcert.\nA.wouldrfthaveB.didn'thaveC.hadn'thadD.haven'thadKey:LLhadremembered2.were1.couldlive4.knewII.1-5DBADC\nREADINGTASKSAshorthistoryofWesternpaintingI.Readthetextcarefullyandfillintheblanks.PeriodMainaimCharacteristicsofthepaintingsRepresentativepaintersTheMiddleAgesTorepresent1♦Fullofreligious(5thtothe15thcenturyAD)themessymbols♦Inamorerealisticway2TheRenaissance仃5thto3)Topaint4astheyreallywere♦Paintedin5♦RealisticMasaccio6(late19thtoToshowhow7♦Notas8asNotmentionedearly20thcentury)fellonobjectsatdifferenttimesofdaypaintingsofearlierpainters♦ControversialatfirstModernArt(20thToconcentrateon♦10Notmentionedcenturytotoday)certain9oftheobjectsortomakethepaintingslooklikephotographs♦RealisticII.Readthetextcarefullyandchoosethebestanswers.1.Whenwereoilpaintsdeveloped?From5thtothe15thcenturyAD・From15thto16thcentury.Fromlate19thtoearly20thcentury.From20thcenturytotoday.2.Itisthathelpcreate"modernart^accordingtothetext.A.paintingsintheMiddleAges\npaintingsintheRenaissancetheImpressionistpaintingsthereligiouspaintingsKey:I.1.religious2.GiottodiBondone1.16thcentury4.peopleandnature1.perspective6.Impressionism7.lightandshadow8.detailed9・qualities10・AbstractII.1.B2.C