高中英语倒装句式 3页

倒装句式：倒装有两种：一种是语法倒装，一种是修辞倒装语法倒装是出于语法上的需要，如果不用倒装就会出现错误，具有强制性；修辞倒装是出于表达某种修辞效果：（如强调，平衡，衔接，描绘）一．语法倒装1.疑问句倒装（一般疑问句，特殊疑问句）2.There/here句型机构中的倒装以引导词there/here引起的陈述句，系动词或实义动词置于主语之前，但主语为代词时不能倒装。Thereisnoroomleftforevenonemoreofyou,nottomentiontenboys.Theregoesthebellannouncingtheendoftheclass.Therecameanoldman,withawalkingstick.Herecomesthebus.Hereyouare.3.so,neither,nor表示“也（不）”时的倒装So,neither和nor作“也（不）”时讲，表示前面所陈述的事实也适合于另一主语，或一个主语也具备另一种情况，这类句子也用倒装语序。Hehasmadeuphismindtocontinuewithhisstudies,andsohaveI.Hedoesn'tlikelivinginthecity,neither/nordoeshiswife.Hedoesn'thaveacomputer,nor/neitherane-mail.Idon'tknowhisname,nordoIwantto.注意：so表示对上文说的话表示赞同，附和是要用正常语序。Itishottoday.----Soitis是啊。4.省略虚拟条件中的if引起的倒装。在含有were,had,should等的虚拟条件句中，省略if时，常倒装。WereIinisposition,Iwouldn'tdoitthatway.Hadyoubeenmorecareful,suchspellingmistakesmighthavebeenavoided.Shoulditraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeeting.5.may表示祝愿时常置于主语前。Mayallofyousucceedinthecomingexaminations!Maythefriendshipbetweenthepeoplesofourtwocountriesdevelop!MayyouhaveapleasantjourneytoEurope!二．修辞倒装1.强调句子成分的倒装。1.）否定词位于句首，句子用倒装。含有否定或半否定意义的词或词语not,little,hardly,never,atnotime,bynomeans,undernocondition,innocase,nowhere,seldom,few等置于句首时，句子常用部分倒装。NotasinglebookhaveIreadthisweek.本周我一本书也没读。Littledidherealizethatwewerewatchinghiseverymove,soheseemedtobegoinghisownwayinthisbusiness.他没有意识到我们在观察他的一举一动，所以他好像在以自己的方式行事。NeverhaveIseensuchasplendidbuilding.我从来没见过这么宏伟的建筑。\nBynomeanswillthismethodbesatisfactory.无论如何这种方法都不会令人满意。InnocasehaveInoticedthatphenomenon.我根本没注意到那个现象。SeldomhadIseensuchabigsnakebeforeIcametothisisland.---Howwastheteleviseddebatelastnight?---Super!Rarelydidadebateattractsomuchmediaattention.****Notallthepeoplecandothingsperfectly.Notuntil句式中的倒装Notuntil位于句首时，句子用部分倒装；notuntil引导状语从句位于句首时，主句用部分倒装。NotuntilIcamelastnightdidMumgotobed.Notuntilthemotorbikelookedalmostnewdidhestoprepairingandcleaning.Nosooner...than等句式中的倒装Not...until,nosooner...than,hardly...when,notonly...butalso...等句式中的nosooner,hardly,noonly位于句首时，第一部分用部分倒装。---DidLindaseethetrafficaccident?---No,nosoonerhadshegonethanithappened.没有，他一走就发生了。HardlyhadIpickedupthephonewhenhehungup.Notonlydidthepricesincrease,buttheirwageswereraisedaswell.Only修饰状语置于句首时，句子用部分倒装。Onlybyworkinghardcanwesucceed.Onlyinthiswaycanwesolvetheproblemontime.OnlywhenIleftmyparentsforItalydidIrealizehowmuchIlovedthem.OnlybykeepingdowncostswillPowerDataholditsadvantageoverothercompanies.How引起的感叹句，若主语较长是，句子要用部分倒装。Howbeautifularehillswithcloudsagainstthem!Howhandsomeishewithapairoftsunglasses.So/such..that...结构中的so...位于句首时，主句一般用部分倒装。Such....位于句首是有时也用部分倒装。SosmallwasthemarkthatIcouldhardlyseeit.Soquicklydidtheworkmenfinishtheirworkthattheyweregivenextramoney.Socleverishethathecanworkoutallthedifficultproblemsinthebook.SuchwasAlbertEinstein,asimplebutgreatscientist.方式状语频度状语等提到句首时，常用部分倒装。ManyatimehasheofferedmegoodadviceonhowtomakeuseoftheInternet.Longdidwewaitbeforeweheardformhim.OftenhaveIwarnedhimnottogoswimmingalone.这种倒装也可用于定语从句Thehenslayeggs,outofwhichcomeotherchickens.Thebuswasalreadycrowded,inthefrontofwhichweresittingquiteafewchildren.3.描绘意义的倒装表示方向，地点，时间等副词位于句首时，句子全部倒装。\n常见这样的副词有：in,out,down,up,off,back,away,overthere,there,now,then,first等Thenoutrushedapackofdogs.Incameagirl,wearingawhiteskirtwithtwolongpigtails.Downcomeallofyou.Nowcomesyourturn.Theregoesthebellforbreak.表示地点，时间的介词短语放在句首，主语较长又无宾语时，要倒装。Throughthewindowcameoutthesweetmusic.Aftertheheadwalkedagroupofworkers.平衡功能的倒装有时为了保持句子的结构平衡而调整主语和谓语的位置形成倒装，特别是当主语带有较长的修饰语是，更需要倒装AheadsattheoldmanwhotoldusthestoriesabouttheLongMarch.Manyandlongweretheconversationstheyheldthroughtheprisonway.Butterribleisstillthethoughtthatitappearedbehindtheblackveil.Presentattheconferencewereexpertsfromallovertheworld.衔接功能的倒装前一句讲到的内容以替代词的形式在后一句的句首。ThisisTian'anmenSquare.OnitsleftstandstheGreatHallofthePeople.OnitsrightstandstheNationalMuseum.