高中英语作文高级结构 11页

顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理书面表达中的高级结构王道波我们高三英语教师在讲评书面表达时，经常告诉学生说，书面表达要得高分，就得有高级句型和高级词汇；但很多同学在写书面表达时，总认为高级句型和高级词汇很神秘，高不可及。其实，未必如此！通过研读一些优秀的学生习作和历年高考书面表达的范文，我们发现，很多所谓的高级句型和高级词汇正是我们老师反复讲解和训练的。下面列举一些常见且高级的词汇和句型，供同学们参考。一．高级词汇1．occur替换thinkofSuddenlyIhadanideathatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.→Anideaoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.Itoccurredtomethatsomeonehadbrokenintomyhouse.2．devote替换spendHespendsallhissparetimeinreading.→Hedevotesallhissparetimetoreading.3．seek替换want/lookforTheysought(wanted)tohidethemselvesbehindthetrees.4．average替换ordinaryI’manaverage(ordinary)student.5．but替换veryThefilmwesawlastnightwasveryinteresting.→第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理Thefilmwesawlastnightwasnothingbutinteresting.Thefilmwesawlastnightwasanythingbutboring.6．seat替换sitOnhiswaytoschool,hefoundanoldladyseated(sitting)bytheroad,lookingworried.7．suppose替换shouldHeissupposedto(should)havedrivenmoreslowly.8．appreciate替换thankThankyouverymuchforyouhelp.→Weappreciateyourhelpverymuch./Yourhelpismuchappreciated.9．thecase替换trueIdon’tthinkitisthecase(true).10．on替换assoonasAssoonashearrived,hebeganhisresearch.→Onhisarrival,hebeganhisresearch..11．dueto替换becauseofHearrivedlatedueto(becauseof)thestorm.12．cover替换walk/readAftercovering(walking)10miles,weallfelttired.13．contributeto替换behelpful/usefulPlentyofmemoryworkisundoubtedlyhelpfultoEnglishstudy.→PlentyofmemoryworkwillundoubtedlycontributetoEnglishstudy.第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理14．roundthecorner替换comingsoon/nearby①Thesummervacationisroundthecorner(coming).Doyouhaveanyplans?②LiMingstudiesinaschoolroundthecorner(nearby).15．cometolight替换discoverThefamilyweresopleasedwhentheydiscoveredthelostjewels.→Thefamilyweresopleasedwhenthelostjewelscametolight.16．haveaball替换haveagoodtime/enjoyoneselfAftervisitingtheworkshop,wewentbacktoschool.Everyoneofushadaball(hadagoodtime).17．comeupwith替换thinkofJackisveryclever.Heoftencomesupwith(thinksof)newideas.18．setaside替换saveSomestudentsthinkthattheyshouldsetasidesomeoftheirpocketmoneyforbooks.(2004天津卷)19．beof+n.替换adj.Theproductsareofhighquality(verygood)andaresoldeverywhereinChina.20．referto替换talkabout/of,mentionTheprofessoryoureferredto(talkedabout)isveryfamous.21．cannotbut/cannothelpbut替换havetodoIcouldnotbut(hadto)gohome.22．moreoftenthannot替换usually第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理Moreoftenthannot(Usually),themeaningofmanywordscanbeeasilyguessed.23．lest替换sothat/inorderthatIwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatIwouldnotforgetit.→IwrotedownhistelephonenumberlestI(should)forgetit.24．belongforsth./belongtodosth.替换wanttodosth./wishforIwanttoseeyouverymuch.→Iamlongtoseeyou.25．becaughtupin/becrazyabout/beabsorbedin/beaddictedto替换beinterestedinHeiscaughtupin(veryinterestedin)collectingstamps.26．morethan替换very①I’mverygladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.→I’mmorethangladtolearnthatyouarecominginSeptember.(NMET2003)②IfthereisanythingIcandoforyou,Iwouldbemorethangladtohelp.(2004全国卷)27．perfect(ly)替换good/verywellHespeaksperfect(good)English./HespeaksEnglishperfectly(verywell).28．dosba/thefavor替换helpWouldyoupleasedomethefavor(helpme)toturndowntheradio?29．theotherday替换afewdaysagoTheotherdaymybrotherandIwenttothecinemabybicycle.(NMET1997)30．inthecourseof替换duringInthecourseof(During)themountain-climbing,pleasehelpeachotherandpay第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理specialattentiontoyoursafety.31．themajorityof替换mostThemajorityof(Mostof)theintervieweespreferwatchingTVathometogoingtothecinema.32．consistof替换bemadeupofOurclassconsistsof(ismadeupof)50students.33．bewornout替换betired/broken①Afterfivehours’non-stopwork,wewereallwornout(tired).②Myshoesarewornout(broken).Pleasebuymeanewpair.34．becomeof替换happenWhatdothinkhasbecomeof(happenedto)him?35．attendto替换lookafter36．onconditionthat替换aslongas37．nevertheless替换however38．expressone’ssatisfactionwith替换besatisfiedwith39．sparenoeffortstodo替换tryone’sbesttodo40．manya替换many41．berushedoffone’sfeet替换bebusyindoing42．ahandfulof替换alittle/some43．meanwhile替换atthesametime44．gettoone’sfeet替换standup45．beneath替换under第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理46．occasionally替换sometimes/onceinwhile47．forinstance替换forexample48．seldom替换notoften49．wealthy替换rich50．amazing替换surprising51．asamatteroffact替换infact二．高级句型结构◆It句型①Itwillbe+sometime+before…Itwon’tbelongbeforehumansvisittheMars.②Itis+adj./n.+forsbtodosth.Itisveryimportantforustolearncomputerwell,becauseithaschangedourlifesomuch.HesaidsinceitwasanewmodelinChina,itwasimpossibletofixitwithouttherightspareparts.（2008年湖北卷）③Itis+被强调部分+that…1)ItiswhatYangLiweihasdonethatencouragesusalot.2)Thosewholikereadingextensivelysayitisthroughreadingthatwegetourknowledge.◆more…thananyother表示最高级Amongtheoptionalcourses,spokenEnglishandcomputerstudyaremorepopularthananyoneelse.第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理◆名词从句①Itwouldmeanagreatdealtometolistentothetapeandlearnwhatiscoveredinthetalk.(2004全国卷Ⅲ)②Myhometownisnolongerwhatitusedtobe.◆（非限制性）定语从句①TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet.ItisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.→TheflatisinabuildingonFangcaoStreet,whichisnotfarfromJianxinChineseSchool.(NMET2003)②Itwasquiteanexperienceforusboth,whichI’llneverforgetfortherestofmylife.(2002北京卷)◆分词结构①Idon’tknowaboutothers,butIusedtohavetoworkevenatweekendsdoingendlesshomeworkandattendingclassesaswell.(NMET2001)②We’llmostlystayathomeintheeveningwatchingTV,playinggames,andmeetingpeople.(2004全国卷Ⅱ)③Hearingthis,afewpeoplebegantorunafterhim.（2004辽宁卷）④BorninAmerican,ThomasEdisonwasagreatscientistandinventor.（2008年湖南卷）◆with结构①Aterribleaccidenthappenedyesterday,withninepeoplekilledandalmost第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理eightyinjured.②Hewascarryingabedrollandalargebagonhisshoulder,withalargesuitcaseinhislefthand.◆倒装句①Thelibraryistotheeastoftheteachingbuilding.→Eastoftheteachingbuildingisthelibrary.②Althoughwearetired,wearehappy.→Tiredasweare,wearehappy.③Onlyinthiswaycanhegrowtobeausefulman.(2002上海卷)④Mayallyourdreamscometrue!Mayourfriendshiplasttilltheendoftheuniverse.!（2007年湖南卷）◆被动语态①Opinionsaredividedonthequestion.(NMET2002)②Allclassesaretaughtbyteacherswithrichexperienceinteachingforeignstudents.(2004全国卷Ⅳ)③Newfactories,housesandroadshavebeenbuilt.(2004江苏卷)◆巧妙的改写（1）．Only改成noonebutOnlyTompassedtheexamlastweek.→NoonebutTompassedtheexam.（2）．assoonas…改成Nosooner…than…/Hardly…when…/Immediately…/ThemomentNosoonerhadwearrivedatthecinemathanthefilmstarted.（3）．havesb/sthdo/done第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理Thegirlwasknockedoffherbicycleandhadherlegbroken(herlegwasbroken.).（4）．变换插入语的位置①However,theysuggestfeesshouldbechargedlow.→Theysuggest,however,feesshouldbechargedlow.(NMET2002)②Ithinkthisisagoodchanceforyoutoshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.→Thisisagoodchanceforyou,Ithink,toshowyoursingingtalent,andhowwellyou’velearnedChinese.(2004全国卷Ⅰ)(5).用同位语代替非限制性定语从句Meimei,whoissevenyearsold,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.→Meimei,agirlofthirteen,hasbeenlearningtorideabicycleforseveraldays.(2002上海卷)Shakespeare,asonfromapoorfamily,amanoflittleeducation,wroteplaysandpoemsthatarereadallovertheworld.（2008年湖南卷）◆其它（1）注重句子的开头①用with复合结构开头Withthesunsettinginthewest,wehadtowavegoodbyetotheworkers.Withhishelp,we'velearnedhowtoanalyzeandsettleproblems.（2006年湖南卷）第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理Withthefunctionsofinserting,deleting,movingandcopying,itenablesustoedittest,browsewebpageanddownloadwhatwewant.（2009年江苏卷）②用非谓语动词形式开头ⅰ）InordertoimproveourEnglish,ourschoolheldanEnglishcontest.ⅱ）Walkingtowardsthecinema,hemetaforeigner.（2）长短句交错使用（注意：应突出主题句；长句子并非越长越好）◆◆相关过渡语1).表示时间顺序:first,then,afterwards,meanwhile,later，firstofall,finally,atlast…2).表示空间顺序:near,nextto,farfrom,infrontof,ontheleft,ononeside…3).表示比较、对照:like,unlike,suchas,but,however,ontheotherhand,onthecontrary,nevertheless,otherwise…4).表示因果关系:because,for,asaresult,therefore,thus…5).表示递进关系:besides,what’smore,whatwasworse,moreover,furthermore,inaddition,ontopof…6).表示并列关系:and,aswellas,also…7).表示总结性:ingeneral,inaword,inshort,onthewhole,tosumup,inbrief,toconclude…第11页共11页\n顾燕卿提供嘉兴英语教学整理2009年12月第11页共11页