高中英语-现在时态 36页

UnitoneGrammarandusage\nLead-inRobertisafriendofmine.Heisinterestedindramasandnowheislearninghowtoact.Hehasbeenpracticingactinginaplayfortwoweeks.Hehasjustfinishedpracticingtoday.Howmanytensesareusedinthesentencesabove?一般现在时现在进行时现在完成进行时现在完成时\n目标呈现Learnthreetypesofpasttensesincludingthepresenttense，Presentcontinuoustense，Thepresentperfecttense，Thepresentperfectcontinuoustense.Learnwhenthesetensescanbeusedandpractiseusingthesetensescorrectly.\n现在时态基本形式构成时态主动一般现在时现在进行时现在完成时现在完成进行时am/is/are;do/doesbe(am/is/are)doinghave/hasdonehave/hasbeendoing\nIthepresenttense1表示客观事实或普通真理.(不受时态限制)Thegeographyteachertoldustheearthmovesaroundthesun.地理老师告诉我们地球绕着太阳转。JapanliestotheeastofChina.日本位于中国的东方。Thesunrisesintheeastandsetsinthewest.太阳东升西落。\n2表示现在经常或反复发生的动作或存在的状态,常和often,always,usually,sometimes,everyday,onceaweek等表示频率的时间状语连用.Hetakesawalkaftersuppereveryday.他每天晚饭后散步。Mymotherworksatthesamecompanyasmyfather.我母亲和父亲在同一家公司工作。Wealwayscareforeachotherandhelpeachother.我们总是相互关心相互帮助。\n3表示主语的特征、性格、能力等。Mr.Smithhatesfishandnevereatsany.斯密斯先生讨厌鱼而且从来不吃。MaryspeaksbothEnglishandFrenchverywell.玛丽英语和法语都说的很好。\n4表示按时间表、议事日程将要发生的事是安排或计划好的肯定会出现的动作或状态。Theplanetakesoffat10:00a.m.飞机上午10点起飞。TomorrowisWednesday.明天是星期三。\n5在时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来的动作。Wewillhavetoputoffthesportsmeetingifitrainstomorrow.如果明天下雨我们将不得不推迟会议。Ican’tleaveunlessmybossagrees.除非老板同意，否则我不能走。Notes:if引导的条件状语从句中可以用shall或will表示意愿，但不表示时态。Ifyouwillacceptmyinvitationandcometoourparty,myfamilywillbepleased.\n6.一些介词短语现在时可以表达将来的动作或状态。如：beathand,bewellontheway,etc.例句:TheSpringFestivalisathand.=TheSpringFestivaliscoming.=TheSpringFestivalisontheway.Thebuildingiswellonthewaytobeingcompleted.\nII.Presentcontinuoustense1表示说话时正在进行的动作。----whatareyoudoing?-----Iamwritingaletter.It’srainingheavilynow,sowemuststayinside.Thewaterisboiling.\n2表示现阶段一直在进行的动作。Janeisstudyinglawwhilehersisterisdoingphysics.简在学习法律而她的姐姐在学习物理。HeisteachingEnglishandlearningChinese.他正在一边教英语一边学中文。\n2.表示按计划、方案或安排而近期内要进行的动作。在这种情况下谓语动词多为非延续性动词，如come，go，leave，move，die，start，stop，arrive等，及少数延续性动词，如spend，stay等。SheisleavingforGuangzhounextweek．WearespendingthewholesummerholidayinBeijingsoon．\nIammeetingMr.Wangtonight.我今晚要去见王先生。TheplaneisleavingforLondonsoon.飞机即将飞往伦敦。\n4.与副词forever，always，constantly等连用，表示赞成、厌烦、生气等情绪Sheisalwaystalkingloudlyatthemeeting．（表示厌烦）Sheisconstantlychanginghermind．（表示不以为然）Heisforevercomplainingabouthissalary．（表示厌烦）\nNotes:以下四类动词不宜用现在进行时。A表示心理状态、情感的动词Like,love,hate,care,remember,believe,want,mind,wish,agree,mean,needB表示存在状态的动词appear,exist,lie,remain,seem,belongto,dependonC表示瞬间动作的动词allow,accept,permit,promise,admit,completeD表示感官的动词see,hear,notice,smell,sound,taste,look\nIII.Thepresentperfecttense1表示反复发生的经历Hehashostedtheshoweighttimes.他已经连续八次主持表演。BillyCrystalhasbeeninmanyfilmsandtelevisionshows.贝利克克里斯托已经出演过多部电影和电视剧。WehavebeentotheGreatWallmanytimes.我们已去过长城多次。\n2表示动作发生在过去，但对现在仍留下某种后果和影响。Hehaspaidhisincometax.他已经交了个人所得税。Doctorshavefoundthatpeoplewholaughalotlivelonger!医生们已经发现经常大笑的人长寿。\n3表示动作发生在过去但持续到现在。Mymotherhasbeenillforthreedays.我妈妈已经生病3天。MostofushavestudiedEnglishfor5years.我们大部分人已经学了5年英语了。\n4下列句型中常用现在完成时。Itis(hasbeen)+一段时间＋since+从句This(that/It)isthefirst(second…)timethat+完成时This(That/It)isthebest/finest/mostinteresting….+that+完成时It’s/Ithasbeen3yearssincetheygotmarried.It’sthefirsttimethatIhavebeentotheGreatWall.ThisisthemostinterestingfilmthatIhaveseen.\nNotes:在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替一般将来时。Ifyouhavedonetheexperiment,you’llunderstandthetheorybetter.如果你做完试验，你会更好地理解这个理论的。Don’tgetoffthebusuntilithasstopped.车停稳之前，别忙着下车。\nNotes:注意区分一般过去时与现在完成时时间上有差异：凡有具体的过去时间，均用过去时态，不能用完成时，如：ago,lastyear,justnow,theotherday等。结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去时强调的动作发生在过去，和现在没有关系。\nIV.thepresentperfectcontinuoustense表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作，这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能还要继续下去。Chinesehavebeenmakingpaperformorethan2000years.中国造纸的历史已有2000多年了。Doctorshavebeenresearchingthatquestionformanyyears.多年来，医生们一直在研究这个问题。ThechildrenhavebeewatchingTVallmorning.孩子们一上午一直在看电视。\n高考链接Althoughhehaslivedwithusforyears,he______usmuchimpression.Ahadn’tleftBdidn’tleaveCdoesn’tleaveDhasn’tleft\n(NMET2003年)Allmorningasshewaitedforthemedicalreportfromthedoctor,hernervousness_______.AhasgrownBisgrowingCgrewDhadgrown\n――_____DavidandVicky_____married?――Foraboutthreeyears.(NMET2003年北京)AHowlongwere;beingBHowlonghave;gotCHowlonghave;beenDHowlongdid;get\n(NMET2002年春季北京)JohnandI_______friendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butwe______eachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.Ahadbeen;haveseenBhavebeen;haveseenChadbeen;hadseenDhavebeen;hadseen\nTranslatethefollowingsentences:\n火车将在上午9：00点钟开。Thetrainstartsatnineinthemorning.那个小孩总是爱惹麻烦。Thatboyisalwaysmakingtrouble.我做完家庭作业就去你家。I’llgotoyourhomewhenIhavefinishedmyhomework.你在逛街的时候别忘了交通规则。Whenyouaregoingaroundthestreet,don’tforgetthetrafficrules.\n用所给动词的一般现在时，现在完成时，现在进行时或现在完成进行时的形式填充。---Howlong______DavidandVicky_____________(marry)?---Foraboutthreeyears.2.Comeandseemewheneverit____(be)convenienttoyou.3.Thewaterwillbefurtherpollutedunlesssomemeasures__________(take).havebeenmarriedisaretaken\n6.Becausetheshop__________(close)down,alltheT-shirtsaresoldathalfprice.7.Everypossiblemeans____________(try)topreventtheairpollution,buttheskyisstillnotclear.8.---What’sthatterriblenoise?---Theneighbors____________(prepare)foraparty.9.TheSmithsmovedtosettleinCanadain2003,sothey_______________(live)therefor3years.isclosinghasbeentriedarepreparinghavebeenliving\n10.Thenumberofdeathsfromheartdiseasewillbereducedgreatlyifpeople__________(persuade)toeatmorefruitandvegetables.11.You_____always________(watch)television.Whynotdosomethingmoreactive?12.Thecrazyfans_______________(wait)patientlyfortwohoursandtheywillwaittillthemoviestararrives.13.Don’tstopyourcarhere.Lookatthesignwhich_____(read)“NoParking!”arepersuadedarewatchinghavebeenwaitingreads\n1.—I’msureAndrewwillwinthefirstprizeinthefinal.—Ithinkso.He________foritformonths.(2008江苏)A.ispreparingB.waspreparingC.hadbeenpreparingD.hasbeenpreparing2.Bythetimeherealizeshe_________intoatrap,it’llbetoolateforhimtodoanythingaboutit.(2008山东)A.walksB.walkedC.haswalkedD.hadwalked3.Sofarthisyearwe_______afallinhousepricesbybetween5and10percent.(2008福建)A.sawB.seeC.hadseenD.haveseen4.CathyistakingnotesofthegrammaticalrulesinclassatSunshineSchool,whereshe______Englishforayear.(2007湖南)A.studiesB.studiedC.isstudyingD.hasbeenstudyingDDDC\n5.Danny_________hardforlongtorealizehisdreamandnowheispopular.(2007福建)A.worksB.isworkingC.hasworkedD.hadworked6.—Ihavegotaheadache.—Nowonder.You_________infrontofthatcomputertoolong.(2007江西)A.workB.areworkingC.havebeenworkingD.worked7.Theunemploymentrate（失业率）inthisdistrict_______from6%to5%inthepasttwoyears.(2007上海)A.hasfallenB.hadfallenC.isfallingD.wasfallingCCA\n8.Nowthatsheisoutofjob,Lucy___goingbacktoschool，butshehasn’tdecidedyet.(北京)A.hadconsideredB.hasbeenconsideringC.consideredD.isgoingtoconsider9.—______you______himaroundthemuseumyet?(2007江苏)—Yes.Wehadagreattimethere.A.Have;shownB.Do;showC.Had;shownD.Did;show10.—Hi,Tracy，youlookpale.—Iamtired.I_______thelivingroomallday.A.paintedB.hadpaintedC.havebeenpaintingD.havepaintedBAC\nBye-bye!Bye-bye!