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高中英语状语从句考点一、时间状语从句l.when,while和as的用法(1)when既可引导一个持续动作,也可引导一个短暂性动作.when强调主从句动作的发生有先后。女口:Whenhegotthere,theclassroomhadbeencleaned.他到的时候,教室已打扫过了。(主句动作发生在从句动作之前,用过去完成时)when可作并歹(J连词用,was/weredoing、beaboutto或beonthepointofdoing,表示“正在做・・,就在这时发生了另外一件事”或“届时”。女口:was/weredoing...whenbeabouttodo....whenbeonthepointdoing...when①Iwasreadingwhenhesuddenlycamein.②Iwasabouttoleavewhenthetelephonerang.(2)while强调主句动作发生在从句动作所发生的时间段内,从句的动作必须是延续性动词。女口:WillyoupleasetakecareofmyhousewhileIwasaway?(3)as引导一个持续性动作,强调主从句的动作同时发生,有“一边••一边・・”的意思,也可说明两种正在发展或变化的情\n况,有“随着••”的意思。如:①Hesangashewalked•他边走边唱。②Ashegetsolder;hegetsmoreopen.随着年龄的增长,他越发开朗起来。2.assoonas,themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,nosooner...than,hardly/scarcely...when.・・,immediately,directly,instantly的用法。这些从属连词引导的从句都表示从句的动作一发生,主句的动作随即就发生,常译为“一…就•••”,①Themomentshearrives,wecanstart.②Nosoonerhadwearrivedatthestationthanthetrainleft.3.till,until和not...until的用法(1)在肯定句中,主句谓语动词必须是延续性动词,意为“某动作一直延续到某点才停止”。Youmaystayheretill/untiltherainstops.你得在这里呆到雨停。(2)在否定句中,主句谓语动词必须是非延续性动词,从句为肯定式,意为“某动作直到某时间才开始”。Hewon'tgotobedtill(until)shereturns.\n直到她回来他才睡。⑶not...until句型中的强调和倒装说法。ItwasnotuntilyoutoldmethatIhadanyideaofit.(强调句型)Notuntilyoutoldmedid1haveanyideaofit.(notuntil置于句首,主句要倒装)Notuntilhecamebackdidhefindhishousehadbeenbrokeninto.2.before和since的用法⑴连词before表示“还未””就”””,“不到,,”就”””,“,,”才,,””,“趁还没来得及”””。Wehadn'trunamilebeforehefelttired・Pleasewriteitdownbeforeyouforgetit.⑵before的句型:Itwillbe+时间段+before从句,表示“多久之后才”,,”。ItwillbehalfayearbeforeIcomeback・(1)since的句型:Itis/hasbeen+时间段+since从句。若从句谓语为非延续性动词,表示“自从"有多久”;若从句的谓语为延续性动词,表示''自从结束/完成,,”起有多久”。Itisthreeyearssincethewarbrokeout.\nItisthreeyearssincehelivedhere.二.地点状语从句地点状语从句可用where,wherever,anywhere,everywhere等引导。地点状语从句可用于主句之前或之后。Wherethereisawill,thereisaway•有志者,事竟成。Whereverthereissmoke,thereisafire.无火不生烟(既无风不起浪)。三.原因状语从句1.引导原因状语从句的从属连词有:because,as,since,nowthat,seeingthat,consideringthat等,每个连词的含义不尽相同。consideringthat,seeingthat,nowthat和since的意义相似,都有“鉴于某个事实”的意思,that可以省去。Nowthat/Sinceeverybodyishere,let'sbeginourmeeting.既然大家都到了,我们就开始我们的会议。四.目的状语从句引导目的状语从句的从属连词有:sothat,inorderthat,forfearthat,incase,lest等。\nl.inorderthat与sothat两个连词都意为“以便…为了...”,引导的状语从句中需用情态动词;inorderthat比sothat正式,引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后,而sothat引导的从句只能置于主句之后。「IIspeakslowlysothat/lnorderthatyoucanunderstandme.Inorderthatyoucanunderstandme,I'llspeakslowly1.forfearthat,incase与lest这些从属连词本身带有否定意义,意为"以免,以防",相当于sothat...not...或inorderthat...not..・Theboyhidhimselfbehindthetreeincase/forfearthathisfathershouldseehim.Takeyourraincoatincase/lestitshouldrain.二.结果状语从句1.引导结果状语从句的从属连词有:so...that...,such...that...0其结构形式为:thatweallMikeissohonestaworkerbelievehim.Mikeissuchanhonestworkerthatweallbelievehim.\n六.条件状语从句常用引导词:if,unless,特殊引导词:as/solongas,onlyif,providing/providedthat,supposingthat,incasethat,onconditionthatWe?IIstartourprojectifthepresidentagrees.七.让步状语从句l.although/thoughzeventhough/if引导让步状语从句although与though两者意思相同,一般可以互换,都可以与yet,still或nevertheless连用,但不能和but连用。Heisunhappythough/althoughhehasalotofmoney.尽管他很有钱,但是他不幸福。2.as引导让步状语从句as从句一般放在主句之前,用倒装语序。从句中的表语或状语或动词原形置于句首。若表语是名词,前置时要省略冠词。Childasheis,heknowsalot.尽管他是孩子,他却懂得很多。MuchasIlikeitIwon'tbuyit,forit'stooexpensive.虽然我很喜欢,但我不会买的,因为它太贵了。Tryashemight,hecouldnotfindajob・\n不管他怎样努力,他还是找不到工作。3•疑问词+ever,nomatter4-疑问词与whether...or...引导让步状语从句Whetheryoubelieveitornot,itistrue.无论你信不信,它是真的。Whatever(=nomatterwhat)yousay,hewon'tbelieveyou.无论你说什么,他不会信你。Whoever(=nomatterwhoyou)youare,youmustobeytherules・无论你是谁,你必须服从这些规则。