初中宾语从句讲解及专项练习 2页

初中英语宾语从句讲解一、宾语从句的概念宾语从句属于名词性从句，在句中作主句的宾语。eg.WeknowMr.GreenteachesEnglish.Sheaskediftheseanswerswereright.二、宾语从句三要素引导词（连接词）语序时态三、重难点掌握（一）引导词1．由从属连词that引导的宾语从句由从属连词that引导的宾语从句注：that在句中无词汇意义，在从句中不能充当成分，在口语当中往往省略e.g.1.Ihear(that)youpassedtheexam.2.Hesaid(that)hisfatherwasasinger.3.Theteachertoldus(that)thesunrisesintheeast.2．由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句（重点掌握）由从属连词whether,if引导的宾语从句if/whether“是否”，说明对陈述的事物不明确或不清楚。常用在ask,wonder,can(could)youtellme等后。1.Iwanttoknowwhether/ifheisright.2.IAskhimwhether/ifhelikesme_.3.Iwonder_whether/ifwecangetthere.4.Couldyoutellmewhether/ifthatfilmisinteresting?◆只能用whether不能用if的情况1.在介词后面：I’mthinkingofwhetherweshouldgofishing.Weareworriedaboutwhetheritwillraintomorrow.2.在动词不定式前：Theyaskedmewhethertogoskating.3.当与ornot连用，或提出两种选择时:Idon’tknowwhetherhe’sfreeornot.MaryaskedwhetherIwasdoingmyhomeworkornot.Tellmewhetheryou’dliketogoshoppingortidytheroom.4.宾语从句提前时：Whetherthisistrueornot,Ican’tsay.3．由连接代词Who,whom,whose,which,what和连接副词where,how,why,when引导的宾语从句。这些代词或副词连接主句和从句，并在从句中担任句子成分，具有一定的意义，不可省略。1.Heaskedwhothemanis.2.Doyouknowwhosebookitis?3.Heaskedwhathecoulddoforthat.4.Doyouknowwhichansweristhebest?5.Pleasetellmewheretherightwayis.2\n6.Canyoutellmehowwecangetthere?7.Couldyoutellmewhenweshouldmeet?（二）语序：陈述句语序即：主句+连接词+从句（主+谓+其他成分）Doyouremember(他多大岁数)?当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?Whathappened?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?（三）时态：1、主句用一般现在时，现在进行时或一般将来时等“现在”范畴的时态时，从句的时态根据需要来用，不受主句影响。Iwanttoknowwhattimehegotupthismorning.Hewilltellusthathehasbeenabletolookafterhimself.Theyaresayingthattheyreallylikethiscity.2、主句用过去时，从句用与过去相关的时态。Katesaidtherewasaboxunderthedesk.Theyaskedwhathewasdoingthen.SheaskedwhetherIhadseenherbefore.3、从句说明的是一般真理、客观事实、自然现象、名言时，仍用现在时。Dadtoldusthatitisbettertodothantosay.Hetoldtheboythatthreeandthreeissix.Hetoldmetheearthmovesaroundthesun.4、从句中有具体时间状语，即使从句动作发生在主句动作前，仍用一般过去时。Theteachertoldmeshewasbornin1960.2