初中状语从句总结及练习(附答案) 11页

状语从句1.时间状语从句2.条件状语从句3.原因状语从句4.结果状语从句5.比较状语从句6.目的状语从句7.让步状语从句8.地点状语从句用来修饰主句中的动词，副词和形容词的从句叫状语从句。根据其含义状语从句可分为时间状语从句，地点状语从句，条件状语从句，原因状语从句，结果状语从句，比较状语从句，目的状语从句，让步状语从句。1.时间状语从句(1)时间状语从句常用when,as,while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。例如：Itwasraininghardwhengottoschoolyesterday.Whilehewasdoinghishomework,thetelephonerang.Ashewalkedalongthelake,hesanghappily.HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.(2)在时间状语从句里，通常不用将来时态，用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里，如果主句用肯定式，其含义是“一直到……时”，谓语动词只能用延续性动词。如果主句用否定式，其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间动词。例如：Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.Let’swaituntiltherainstops.Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.2.条件状语从句(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless引导。例如：Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.(2)在条件状语从句里，谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。例如：I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifamfreetomorrow.Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。例如：Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbe\nlate.Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.3.原因状语从句(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。例如：Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.(2)because表示直接原因，语气最强。Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。回答由why提出的问题，只能用because。As和since语气较弱，一般用来表示明显的原因。由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。例如：------Whyaren’tgoingthere?------BecauseIdon’twantto.Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。4.结果状语从句(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that,sothat引导。例如：Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.Mypencilfellunderthedesk,sothatIcouldn’tseeit.(2)so…that语such...that可以互换。例如：在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中，so是副词，与形容词连用。其结构是:“...so+形容词（副词）+that+从句”。例如：Hewassogladthathecouldn’tsayaword.Thehallissobigthatitcanhold2,000people.Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中，such是形容词，它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；名词前面可以带形容词，也可不带。如果是单数可数名词，前面需加不定冠词a或an。例如：Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.Hehadsuchlongarmsthathecouldalmosttouchtheceiling.Hemadesuchrapidprogressthathedidverywellinthemid-term.有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。例如：Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时，只能用so,不用such。例如：Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.5.比较状语从句比较状语从句通常由as…as,比较级+than…等连词引导。例如：TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.\n6.目的状语从句(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导。例如：Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句，又可引导结果状语从句。区别这两种从句的办法有两个：1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。2)从意思上看，目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。例如：Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句)7.让步状语从句(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。例如：Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.(2)although(though)不能用在同一个句子中。例如：我们不能说：Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.应该说：Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.8.地点状语从句地点状语从句常常由where来引导。例如：Gowhereyoulike.Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.易混引导词while,when,as的区别：　　1.when既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用，也可以指"时间段"，与延续性动词连用（=while）。如：　　Whenhecamein,hismotherwascooking.　　When(While)wewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.　　While表示时间段,因此，while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。如：　　Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.　　As与when用法相似，但着重强调主句动作与从句动作同时发生，有"随着……"或"一边……一边……"之意。如：　　Asyougetolder,yougetmoreknowledge.随着年龄的增长，你获得的知识就越多。　　2．Because,as,since的区别：　　Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题，语气最强；As用于说明原因,着重点在主句，常译成"由于"；since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实，常译成"既然"。如：\n　　Waterisveryimportantbecausewecan'tlivewithoutit.　　Hedidn'tcomeyesterdayashismotherwasill.　　I'lldoitforyousinceyouarebusy.　　3．such…that,so…that,sothat引导结果状语从句的区别：　　such是形容词，修饰名词;so是副词，修饰形容词或副词。其结构如下：　　1)such+a(n)+形容词+单数可数名词+that……　　2)such+形容词+复数可数名词+that……　　3)such+形容词+不可数名词+that……。如：　　ThiswassuchagoodfilmthatIwenttoseeitseveraltimes.　　Itwassuchgoodbooksthattheysellwell.　　ItwassuchbadweatherthatIhadtostayathome.　　HespokesofastthatIcouldn'tfollowhim.　　Heissuchalovelyboythatwealllikehim.　　=Heissolovelyaboythatwealllikehim.　　注：在"形容词+可数名词复数/不可数名词"结构中，当名词前有many,much,few,little表示数量的多少时，名词前用so。如：　　Shemadesomanymistakesthatshedidn'tpasstheexam.\n【实例解析】1.Youwillstayhealthy_______youdomoreexercise,suchasrunningandwalking.A.ifB.howC.beforeD.where答案：A。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，从句应是一个条件状语从句，在这四个选项中只有if能引导条件状语从句，所以选A。2.---Shallwegoonworking?---Yes,_________Iprefertohavearest.A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though答案：D。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。从意思上看，只有选though才能说得通。3.Noneofusknewwhathadhappened_________theytoldusaboutit.A.whenB.untilC.afterD.though答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词选择。本句的意思是“在……以前我们没人知道这件事。”要表达着一意思应用“not…until”这一句型。4.---Ihopeyou’llenjoyyourtrip,dear!---Thankyou,mum.I’llgiveyouacall_________Igetthere.A.untilB.assoonasC.sinceD.till答案：B。该题考查的是引导状语从句的从属连词的选择。本题的意思是“一到那里，我就给你打电话。”要表达这个意思应选用assoonas。选择合适的连接词，完成下列句子。　　1.Jimspendsalotofmoneyonbooks______heisnotrich.　　2.Katefellintosleep______shewaslisteningtothemusic.　　3.----IsDavidatschooltoday?　　 ----No.Heisathome______hehasabadcold.　　4.Wewon'thavesupper______mymothercomesback.　　5.Speaktohimslowly______hemayunderstandyoubetter.　　6.______shedoesn'tcomeonSunday,I'llgofishingbymyself.　　7.Itisfouryears______Ihadleftthatsmallvillage.　　8.______theairmoves,itiscalledwind.　　9.Wewillgotothepark______itdoesn'traintomorrow.　　10.______littleboysdid______muchwork.　　11.Therearefewnewwordsinthepassage______wecan'tunderstandit.\n　　12.Goback______youcomefrom.　　13.Hereachedthestation______thetrainhadleft.　　14.----Doyouhaveaswimmingpool?　　  ----No,wedon't.Atleast,not______big______yours.　　15.Givemeyourpaper______youhavefinishedit.　　16.Itisraininghard,______wehavetostayathome.　　17.______youworkharder,you'llneverpassthefinalexam.　　18.Lookaftertechildren______Iamout.　　19.Thevillageis______faraway______Ican'tgetthereonfoot.20.Thatis______aninterestingbook______Ican'tstopreadingit.\n考点精炼一.单项填空1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelpC.willfall;helpD.falls;helping4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewestC.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttopaly.A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.A.alovelydayB.toolovelyadayC.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.A.suchB.soC.tooD.very17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.As\nif18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.A.SolongasB.InorderthatC.NomatterhowD.Themoment20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got二.根据中文意思完成下列英语句子1.不管他跟我开什麽玩笑，我都不生气。Iamnotangrywithhim,____________________jokeshe______onme.2.布鲁斯太太对学生非常亲切，以至于学生把她当做母亲。MrsBrucewas_______kindtoherstudents______they______her_____theirmother.3.只要我们竭尽全力，父母就会满意我们的表现。Ourparentswillbepleasedwithourperformance________________wetryourbest.4.你一到上海就给我打个电话好吗？Willyoupleasecallme__________________yougettoShanghai.5.这个七岁的女孩酷爱钢琴，以至于他已经坚持练习两年了。Theseven-year-oldgirllikesplayingthepiano__________________shehaskeptpracticingfortwoyears.6.虽然她很忙，他还坚持自学英语。___________________________,shekeptonlearningEnglishbyherself.7.他长大后相当一名记者。Hewantstobeajournalist___________________________.8.无论刮风下雨，我们的老师总是第一个到校。______________windyorrainy,ourteacherisalwaysthefirsttogettoschool.9.如果人人为保护环境做出贡献，世界将会变得更美好。______________________________toprotectingtheenvironment,theworldwillbecomemuchmorebeautiful.10.李明昨天没来上学，因为他病了。LiMingdidn’tcometoschool__________________________.\n真题演练(2010河北省卷42.1)Peterlikesreadinganewspaper_________heishavingbreakfast.　　A.untilB.whileC.becauseD.though(2010.江苏省盐城市12.1)Manystudentsdidn'trealizetheimportanceofstudy_____theyleftschool.　　A.whenB.untilC.asD.after(2010四川省内江市39.1)Idon'tknowifit______tomorrow.Ifit______,wewon'tgoonapicnic.　　A.rains;rainsB.willrain;rainsC.willrain;willrain(2010山东省潍坊市29.1)Youhavetoleavenow________youcancatchtheearlybus.　　A.sothatB.assoonasC.becauseD.if(2010浙江省衢州市23.1)Youshouldgooveryourtestpaper_____youhanditin.　　A.beforeB.thoughC.becauseD.assoonas(2010江苏省无锡市12.1)Scientistssayitmaybeafewyears______itispossibletotestthenewmedicineonpatients.　　A.becauseB.afterC.beforeD.since(2010年上海市37.1)Wewillhavenowatertodrink_______wedon'tprotecttheearth.　　A.untilB.beforeC.thoughD.if（2010江苏省扬州市41）-Couldweplayfootballinyourplayground,Sir?　　-No,_______youhavetheprincipal'snote.　　A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.since（2010四川省成都市35.1）Iwon'tbeabletounderstandwhatyousay,_______youspeaktooquickly.　　A.ifB.thoughC.because（2010浙江省湖州市22，1）-Iseveryoneheretoday?　　-No.Tomisathome_____hehasgotabadcold.　　A.becauseB.ifC.untilD.unless（2010山西省27，1）Insummer,foodgoesbadeasily________itisputintherefrigerator.　　A.untilB.ifC.unless（2010河南省25，1）________it'sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue，shenevergivesup　　A.ThoughB.UnlessC.BecauseD.If（2010山东省莱芜市27，1）-IhearJackChanwillcometoLaiwunextweek.　　-Really?_______hecomes,myyoungersisterwillbeveryhappy,　　A．IfB．UntilC．UnlessD．Before（2010贵州省铜仁市35，1）-MayIgototheconcertwithyou?　　-I'mafraidnot____youhaveaticket,becauseIhaveonlyone.　　A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.though（2010山东省菏泽市27，1）Maryspendsalotofmoneyonclothes_______herfamilyisnot\nrich.　　A.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.so（2010黑龙江省鸡西市29，1）Usually,wedon'tknowhowimportantsomethingis______weloseit.　　A.orB.untilC.assoonas（2010广西省定西市15，1）Shehadastomachache________sheatesomethingbad.　　A.soB.becauseC.orD.although(2010福建三明29.1)Manychildrenlikefriedchicken_______itisunhealthyfood.　　A.ifB.becauseC.although（2010广西南宁32.1）Mr.Brownknewnothingaboutthegoodnews______hiswifetoldittohim.　　A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.if（2010四川达州29.1）Idon'tknowifJack________.Ifhe________,callme,please.　　A.willcome;willcomesB.comes;come　　C.comes;willcomeD.willcome;comes（2010天津市41，1）Wewon'tstartthemeeting______ourteacherarrives.　　A.thoughB.untilC.whileD.or（2010青海省宁夏33，1）-Didyoucatchwhattheteachersaid?　　-No.Shespokesofast_______Icouldn'thearherveryclearly.　　A.whichB.thatC.whenD.since（2010辽宁省沈阳市8，1）____itsnowedheavilyyesterday,nobodyinourclassmissedthelesson．　　A．ThoughB．BecauseC．UnlessD．Since（2010江苏省镇江市8，1）AtouristwilleasilylosehiswayinBeijing_________hehasamaporaguide.　　A.ifB.becauseC.unlessD.when（2010广东省18，1）Theteacherspeaksveryloudly________allthestudentscanhearher.　　A.sothatB.becauseC.sinceD.when　　\nKeys:1.though   2.while   3.because  4.until  5.sothat　　 6.Evenif   7.since  8.when  9.if 10.Such,do 　　 11.but      12.where 13.before  14.as(so),as 15.after 　　 16.so       17.unless18.while 19.so,that  20.such,that【练习答案】一.1.A2.C3.B4.C5.A6.C7.D8.C9.C10.A11.B12.C13.B14.A15.C16.B17.A18.D19.C20.B二.1.nomatterwhat;plays2.so;that;regarded;as3.aslongas4.aslongas5.somuchthat6.Thoughshewasbusy7.whenhegrowsup8.Whetherit’s9.Ifeveryonemakesacontribution10.becausehewasill真题演练BBBAACDBCACAACBBBCADBBACA