初中英语物主代词讲解练习 12页

代词　　　代词是代替名词的一种词类。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的功能。英语中的代词，按其意义、特征及在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、自身代词。　　　一、人称代词是表示"我"、"你"、"他"、"她"、"它"、　　"我们"、"你们"、"他们"的词。人称代词有人称、数和格的变化，见下表：　　　　数　　　　　　单数　　　　复数　　　　　　　　　　格　　　　主格　宾格　主格　　宾格　　　　　　　第一人称　I　　　　me　　we　　　us　　　　　　　第二人称　you　　　you　　you　　　you　　　　　　　　　　　he　　　him　　they　　them　　　　　第三人称　she　　　her　　they　　them　　　　　　　　　　　　it　　　it　　they　　them　　　　　如：Heismyfriend.　他是我的朋友。　　　　　　It‘第12页\nsme.　是我。　　　二、物主代词表示所有关系的代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人物和数的变化见下表。　　　数　　　　　单数　　　　　　　复数　　　　　　　　　　　人称　　第一　第二　第三　　第一　第二　第三　　　　　　　人称人称　人称　　人称　人称　人称　　　　　　形容词性　my　your　his/her　itsouryour/their　　物主代词　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　名词性　mineyourshis/hersitsoursyours/theirs　　物主代词　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　如：Ilikehiscar.　　　　我喜欢他的小汽车。　　　　　　Ourschoolishere，andtheirsisthere.　　　　　我们的学校在这儿，他们的在那儿。　　　三、指示代词表示"那个"、"这个"、"这些"、"那些"等指示概念的代词。指示代词有this，that，these，those等。　　　　如：Thatisagood第12页\nidea.　　　那是个好主意。　　　四、表示"我自己"、"你自己"、"他自己"、"我们自己"、"你们自己"和"他们自己"等的代词，叫做自身代词，也称为"反身代词"。　　　　如：Shewastalkingtoherself.　她自言自语。解密物主代词　　A.读对话　　MissGreen:Whatareyoudoingthere,boysandgirls?　　Wendy:We’recleaningourTVroomandgettingreadyfortheparty.　　Millie:Iseeanexercisebookthere.IsitBeibei’s?　　Paul:Yes,it’shers.　　Millie:Whosehatsarethese?Aretheyyours?　　Paul:Yes,they’reours.　　MissGreen:Shh!Listen!Icanhearmusic.Whoseradioisitfrom?　　Paul:It’snotfrommine.It’sfromPinging’s.Hi,Pingping!Isthisradioyours?第12页\n　　Pingping:No,it’snotmine.Perhapsit’sTom’s.　　MissGreen:Whatabouttheclothes?　　Pingping:They’reJack’s.　　MissGreen(toJack):Oh,dear!Aretheclothesyoursorhis?　　Jack:It’snotmine,it’shis.　　B.作分析　　1.形容词性物主代词相当于一个形容词，不能单独使用，只能用在名词之前作定语。例如：　　We’recleaningourTVroom...　　2.名词性物主代词相当于“形容词＋名词”，能单独使用，在句子中作主语、宾语、表语或者及of结构连用作后置定语。例如：...they’reours.　　各自特点　　1.在名词前已经有物主代词时，不能再用冠词及指示代词。例如：　　We’recleaningtheourTVroom...(?菖)第12页\n　　We’recleaningourTVroom...(?菁)　　2.形容词性物主代词可以及其它形容词一起修饰名词，但要放在其它形容词之前。例如：　　Thisismynewradio.　　3.名词性物主代词在句子中作主语时，谓语动词要和它所指代的名词的数保持一致。例如：　　Hershoesareblack.Yoursarewhite.　　4.汉语中经常省去“你的”、“我的”等物主代词，但在英语中不能省去物主代词。例如：　　Jeff,putonyourcoat,please.杰夫，请穿上大衣。(汉语中省去了“你的”)　　5.its,his的形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词是同形的，使用时要根据具体情况进行区分。例如：　　It’snotmine,it’shis.(his为名词性物主代词)　　C.理解填空白　　Using:mine,ours,yours,his,hers,theirs　　1.Thisismysweater.第12页\n　　Thesweateris________.　　2.Thatishiscap.　　Thecapis________.　　3.Thesearetheirskirts.　　Theseskirtsare________.　　4.Thoseareourcoats.　　Thosecoatsare________.　　5.Theseareyourshirts.　　Theseshirtsare________.　　6.Thosearehertrousers.　　Thosetrousersare________.　　D.代词巧变化　　1.Thisisnotyourbike.Itis________　　(my).　　2.WhereisTom?________(he)motherislookingfor第12页\n________(he).　　3.Thisdressissobeautiful.Ilike________(it)colour.　　4.Isthatcomputer________(you)?No,itnot________(my).　　5.Youcanspeakto________(I).Iam________(they)teacher.　　6.Arethesemyclothes?No,________(you)areonyourbed.　　7.Isthishercar?No,________(she)isoverthere.　　8.Thisisnotourclass.________(our)isinBuildingA.A“Cool”isawordwithmanymeanings.Itsoldmeaningisusedtoexpressatemperaturethatisalittlebitcold.Astheworldhaschanged,thewordhashadmanydifferentmeanings.第12页\n“Cool”canbeusedtoexpressfeelingsofinterestinalmostanything.Whenyouseeafamouscarinthestreet,maybeyouwillsay“It'scool.”Youmaythink,“He'ssocool,”whenyouseeyourfavouritefootballer.Weallmaximize(扩大)themeaningof“cool”.Youcanuseitinsteadofmanywordssuchas“new”or“surprising”.Here'saninterestingstorywecanusetoshowthewaythewordisused.Ateacheraskedherstudentstowriteaboutthewaterfall(瀑布)theyhadvisited.Ononestudent'spaperwasjusttheonesentence,“It'ssocool”.Maybehethoughtitwasthebestwaytoshowwhathesawandfelt.Butthestoryalsoshowsascarcity(缺乏)ofwords.Without“cool”,somepeoplehavenowordstoshowthesamemeaning.Soitisquiteimportanttokeepsomecredibility(可信性).Canyouthinkofmanyotherwordsthatmakeyourlifeascolourfulastheword“cool”?Ican.AndIthinktheyarealsoverycool.1.Weknowthattheword“cool”has________.A.onlyonemeaningB.nomeaningsC.manydifferentmeaningsD.thesamemeaning2.Inthepassage,theword“express”means“________”.A.seeB.showC.knowD.feel第12页\n3.Ifyouare________something,youmaysay,“It'scool.”A.interestedinB.angryaboutC.afraidofD.unhappywith4.Thewritertakesanexampletoshowheis_________thewaythewordisused.A.pleasedwithB.strangetoC.worriedaboutD.carefulwith5.Inthepassage,thewritersuggests(暗示)thattheword“cool”_________.A.canbeusedinsteadofmanywordsB.usuallymeanssomethinginterestingC.canmakeyourlifecolourfulD.maynotbeascoolasitseemsBIfyoudonotuseyourarmsoryourlegsforsometime,theybecomeweak;whenyoustartusingthemagain,theyslowlybecomestrongagain.Everybodyknowsthat.Yetmanypeopledonotseemtoknowthatmemoryworksinthesameway.Whensomeonesaysthathehasagoodmemory,hereallymeansthathekeepshismemoryinpracticebyusingit.When第12页\nsomeoneelsesaysthathismemoryispoor,hereallymeansthathedoesnotgiveitenoughchancetobecomestrong.Ifafriendsaysthathisarmsandlegsareweak,weknowthatitishisownfault.Butifhetellsusthathehasapoormemory,manyofusthinkthathisparentsaretoblame,andfewofusknowthatitisjusthisownfault.Haveyoueverfoundthatsomepeoplecan'treadorwritebutusuallytheyhavebettermemories?Thisisbecausetheycannotreadorwriteandtheyhavetorememberthings;theycannotwritethemdowninalittlenotebook.Theyhavetorememberdays,names,songsandstories;sotheirmemoryisthewholetimebeingexercised.Soifyouwanttohaveagoodmemory,learnfromthepeople:practiseremembering.1.Themainreasonforone'spoormemoryisthathisparentshavepoormemories.2.Ifyoudon'tuseyourarmsorlegsforsometime,theywillbecomestrong.3.Agoodmemorycomesfrommorepractice.4.Somepeoplecan'treadorwrite,buttheyhavebettermemories,becausetheyhavesavedtrouble.第12页\n5.Thebesttitleofthispassageis“HowtoHaveaGoodMemory”.CAmeteorite(陨石)almosthitan80-year-oldmannamedArthurPettiferinBritainwhenhewasworkinginhisgarden.Themeteoritewasthebiggestinthepast26yearsinBritain.Themeteoriteweighed(重量)onekilo,andmightbeoverfourthousandmillion(百万)yearsold.“Ihearthebignoiseintheair.Ilookedupandsawthetopsofthetreescomingandgoing,”hesaid.“Ididn'tknowwhatitwas.”Meteoritesaresmallthingsfromthesmallplanetsinspace.About3,500meteoritesmayfalloneartheveryyear,butonlyveryfewarefound.Mr.Pettifer'smeteoriteisthefifthtofallinBritainsincetheSecondWorldWar.Mr.Pettiferisglad.“Whenyouthinkaboutitcomingfromsofaraway,itreallyissomethingstrange.”1.Themeteoritewas______MrPettiferwhenitfelldown.A.closetoB.farfromC.hittingD.comingto2.Themeteoritewasalready______yearsold.A.40,000,000,000B.40,000,000第12页\nC.400,000,000D.4,000,000,0003.Mr.Pettiferfoundthetopsofthetreescomingandgoingbecause______.A.thetreeswereafraidB.thefastfallingmeteoritekeptthetreetopsmovingC.itwasgoingtorainD.themovingwasmadebywind4.______peopleseeameteoritefallalthoughtheyvisittheearthofteneachyear.A.QuiteafewB.someC.FewD.Many5.Mr.Pettiferwas______toseethefallingofthemeteorite.A.happyB.afraidC.sorryD.angry第12页