2021年初中连词专题讲解及练习 12页

小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfect语法：连词一．常见的从属连词有：(1)引导时间状语从句的after,before,when,while,as,until,till,since，assoonas等。(2)引导条件状语从句的if,unless等。(3)引导原因状语从句的because,as,since等。(4)引导目的状语从句的sothat,inorderthat等(5)引导让步状语从句的though,although,evenif=eventhough（即使）。however,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever=nomatter+疑问词(6)引导结果状语从句的so⋯that,such等。⋯that(7)引导比较状语从句的than,as等。⋯as(8)引导名词从句的that,if,whether等。二．常见连词and,but,so,orand、but、so与or（我们可以用连词来连接两个意思联系紧密的句子，也可以连接两个相同的成分。）1、and的用法：（1）and是“和，还，而且”的意思，用于连接形容词、副词、名词或句子。Eg：I’vegotaredandblueshirt.我有一件红蓝相间的衬衫。（连接两个形容词）Pleasedoyourhomeworkslowlyandcarefully.请慢慢，仔细地做你的家庭作业。（连接两个副词）BobandJanetdanced.鲍勃和珍妮特跳了舞。（连接两个名词）ImetJohnandwetalkedforawhile.我遇到了约翰，还聊了一会儿。（连接两个句子）（2）当and用于连接两个句子或短语时，我们可以省略重复的部分。Eg：Heissittingthereand(heis)watchingTV.他正坐在那里看电视。1/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语PracticemakesperfectIneedtogotothepostofficeand(to)thelibrary.我要去邮局和图书馆。（3）在连接两个单词或简短的句子时，and前不用加逗号。Eg：Iboughtahatandascarf.我买了一顶帽子和一条围巾。（4）如果and连接的内容超过两个，则需要使用逗号，但and前不适用逗号。Eg：Iboughtahat,ascarfandacoat.我买了一顶帽子，一条围巾和一件外套。（5）忘记使用and是一个常见的错误。Eg：Hebroughtchickenwings,hotdogstothebarbecue.(错误)Hebroughtchickenwingsandhotdogstothebarbecue.（正确）2、or或者，否则，表示选择。如:Getupearly,oryou’llbelate。Whichdoyouprefer,thisoneorthatone?(当or表示“和”时，用于否定句或疑问句中；而and用于肯定句中)3、but的用法：（1）but意为但是，可是。用于连接前后内容不同或相反的句子，表示转折的含义。Eg：Joancansingbutshecan’tdance.琼会唱歌，但不会跳舞。（肯定+but+否定）Ourflatisnewbutverysmall.我们的公寓很新，但很小。（好+but+坏）（2）我们还可以用but来比较句子的主语。和and一样，使用but时，也要避免重复相同的部分。Eg：SallylikesswimmingbutDorisdoesn’t(likeswimming).萨利喜欢游泳，但多利不喜欢。（3）有时候，我们也可以把否定的部分置于but的前面。Eg：Martinisn’thappybutIam.马丁不开心，但我很开心。4、so的用法：意为因此，所以，表达的是结果。so不能放在句首。2/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfect原因结果Itrainedheavily，雨下地很大，sowestayedathome.所以我们呆在家里。Ienjoydrawing,我喜欢画画，soIamintheArtClub.所以我参加艺术社。Because意为因为，由于，表达原因。在一个句子不能同时出现because和so。Eg：Hewashungry,soheatealot.他饿了，所以吃了很多东西。专项练习：Ⅰ用连词and，but，和so填空。Mybrotherisill,______Ihavetostayathome.Hehasalotofmoney,________hespendslittle.Takesomemedicine,_________youwillfeelbetter.Icametoseehim,__________hewasn’tathome.Workhard,_________youwillpasstheEnglishexam.Ⅱ单项填空1.Theyaregoodatswimming,_______Iamnot.A.andB.butC.soD.or2.Theoldwomancan’tread________write.A.andB.orC.butD.andcan3._________Johnfelttired,________hestillwentonworking.A.Because;soB.Although;butC./;soD./;but4.Heisrich,________heisn’thappy.A.butB.andC.orD.so5.Lucyhasseenthefilm,________Lilyhasn’t.A.andB.orC.butD.so3/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfect6.–Wouldyouliketogotothecinemawithme?-I‘dliketo,_____I‘mafraidIhavenotime.A.soB.orC.andD.but7.Jenny,putonyourcoat_________youwillcatchacold.A.butB.andC.orD.so8.LastnightIwenttobedlate,________Iamreallytirednow.A.soB.orC.butD.because三．语法附加：常用连词的用法辨析（1）while,when,as都可引导时间状语从句三者均可译为“在⋯⋯时候”。when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的从句的动作才发生(when后面接短暂性动作)；while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生；while还能引导两句都是进行时（while后面接延续性动作）。as表示随着短暂动作的发生，另一行为伴随发生。Hewasridingtoschoolwhenhewashitbyacarthismorning.You'dbetterturnoffthewaterwhileyoubrushyourteeth.Shesangasshewalked.她一边走一边唱歌。注：While还可以表示对比，而，却Wewereleavingschoolwhenitbegantorain.Helikescoffee,whileshelikestea.4/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfect（2）as,because,since,for这四个词都可表原因，但用法有区别。1)如果原因构成句子的最主要部分，一般用because。因此，because引导的从句往往放在句末。例如：Istayedathomebecauseitrained.---Whyaren’tyougoing?---BecauseIdon’twantto.2)如果原因已被人们所知，或不如句子的其它部分重要，就用as或since。Since比as稍微正式一点。As和since引导的从句一般放在句子的开头。例如：Ashewasn’tready,weleftwithouthim.SinceIhavenomoney,Ican’tbuyanyfood.3)for：是并列连词(其余三者为从属连词)，它有时可表示因果关系(通常要放在主句之后，且可与because换用)；有时不表示因果关系，而是对前面分句内容的解释或推断(也要放在主句之后，但不能与because换用)。比较：Thegroundiswet,for(=because)itrainedlastnight.地面是湿的，因为昨晚下过雨。Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetthismorning.昨晚一定下过雨，你看今天早上地面是湿的。(此句不能用because代for)（3）if,whether“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一般可互换。在ask，wonder，notknow,wanttoknow，notbesure等后常用whether或if从句。在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if：1)引导主语从句时。例如：Whetherhewillcometothepartyisunknown.2)引导表语从句时。例如：ThequestioniswhetherIcanpasstheexam.3)在不定式前。例如：Ihaven’tmadeupmymindwhethertogothereornot.4）与ornot连用.Hedoesn’tknowwhetherheshouldleaveornot.5/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfect5)在介词后。I’mthinkingaboutwhetherIwillgothere.词汇拓展：1.动词+fora）动词+foraccountfor解释；说明,answerfor对⋯负责,applyfor申请；请求,apologizefor为⋯而道歉,begfor请求,callfor要求,carefor在意,enterfor报名参加,fightfor为⋯而战,hopefor希望,inquirefor查询；求见,leavefor离开某地到另一地,lookfor寻找,longfor盼望,mistakefor误认为,planfor计划做某事,preparefor为⋯作准备,providefor为⋯提供,reachfor伸手去拿,runfor竞选,standfor象征,searchfor搜寻,sendfor派人去请,speakfor陈述意见、愿望,takefor当作,wishfor希望,waitfor等待。b)动词+sb.+for+sth.askfor要求得到,blamefor因⋯责备,excusefor宽恕,forgivefor谅解,pardonfor原谅,payfor花钱买,praisefor称赞,punishfor对⋯进行惩罚,pushfor催逼，rewardfor酬谢,thankfor对⋯表示谢意。2.be+形容词+forbeanxiousfor急于做,beeagerfor渴望,bebadfor有害于,beconvenientfor便于,begoodfor利于,befamousfor以⋯出名,befitfor适合于,begratefulfor对⋯心存感激,beimpatientfor对⋯不耐烦,belatefor迟到,benecessaryfor有必要,bereadyfor作好准备,besorryfor为⋯而后悔,beresponsiblefor对⋯负责,besuitablefor适合于,beunfitfor不适合,beusefulfor对⋯有作用。3.for+名词构成的词组forall尽管，forasong非常便宜地，forcertain确切地，forcompany陪着，forever永远，forexample例如，forfear以免，forfair肯定地，forfree免费，forfun为了好玩，forgood永远，forinstance比方，forluck祝福，forlife终身，forlong长久，fornothing白白地，foronce有生第一次，foroneself替自己，forpleasure为了消遣，forreason因为⋯理由，forsale供出售，forshame真不害臊，forshort简称，forsport好玩，forsure确切地。4.动词+副词/名词+for构成的短语beinfor将遇到，makeupfor弥补，goinfor从事，lookoutfor提防，takesth.forgranted把⋯当作理所当然,haveanearfor音感好,haveagiftfor有某方面的天赋。（4）so⋯that,such...thatso⋯that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或副词，而such...that中的such是形容词，后接名词或名词短语。例如：I’msotiredthatIcan’twalkanyfarther.=______________________.so⋯(adj.)that⋯cantoo’⋯t(adj.)to+(do)⋯=“太⋯以至（不能）⋯”Heissooldthathecan’twork.=Heistoooldtowork.他太老了，不能工作。so＋形容词＋a/an＋可数名词的单数＋that从句；so＋many/much/few/little＋名词＋that从句；such＋a/an＋形容词＋可数名词单数＋that从句；6/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfectsuch＋形容词＋不可数名词/可数名词复数＋that从句。用so,such,sucha/an填空。1．Hangzhouis（）beautifulacitythatlotsofvisitorscomehereeveryyear.2．Sheis（）goodgirlthatwealllikeher.3．Thereare（）manystudentsontheplayground.（5）either⋯or⋯,neither⋯nor,notonly⋯butalso当它们连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词邻近⋯原则。例如：a.Eitheryouorhe___(be)wrong.b.Neitherhenorhischildren____(like)fish.c.Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher_______（want）tobuythebook.（6）表示转折关系。but但是yet然而while然而although,but这两个连词不能用在同一个句子中。Althoughheisoversixty,heworksashardasothers.或Heisoversixty,butheworksashardasothers.（7）because,so这两个连词同样不能用在同一个句子中。（8）表示选择关系or或者；否则not...but...不是⋯⋯而是⋯⋯either...or...或者⋯⋯或者⋯⋯专项练习1.________hestudieshard,hewillneverpasstheexamination.A.IfB.UnlessC.EvenifD.Eventhough2．Peterlikesreadinganewspaper________heishavingbreakfast.A．untilB．whileC．becauseD．though7/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第7页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfect3．Jenny,putonyourcoat________youwillcatchacold.A．butB．andC．orD．so4．—MayIgototheconcertwithyou?—I'mafraidnot________youhaveaticket,becauseIhaveonlyone.A．sinceB．ifC．unlessD．though5．Theteacherspeaksveryloudly________allthestudentscanhearher.A．sothatB．becauseC．sinceD．when6．Bobisyoung,________heknowsalot.A．becauseBsoC．butD．unless7．—Whatdoyouthinkofthisskirt?—It'sbeautifulanditfitsmewell,________Ilikeitverymuch.A．sinceB．soC．but8．Jane,pleaseturnoffthelights________youleavetheclassroom.A．afterB．beforeC．untilD．but9．Stopsmoking,________youwillgetbettersoon.A．andB．orC．butD．after10．_______it'sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue，shenevergivesup.A．ThoughB．UnlessC．BecauseD．If11．Youhavetoleavenow________youcancatchtheearlybus.A．sothatB．assoonasC．becauseD．if12．Usually,wedon'tknowhowimportantsomethingis________weloseit.A．orB．untilC．assoonas8/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第8页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语Practicemakesperfect13．Ineedonemorestudenttohelpmetocarrythebook.Pleaseask_______Lucy_______Lilytocome.A．neither;norB．notonly;butalsoC．both;andD．either;or14．Ican'tbelieve________alittlegirlcanwrite________manybooks.A．so;soB．such;suchC．so;suchD．such;so15．—IheardthatLindamovedtoLondonandfoundanewjobthere.—Yes.Sheworksthere________shecanseeherparentsmoreoften.A．untilB．assoonasC．sothatD．when16．—Iwouldgowithhim________Iwerehere.—Youmeanyouwouldgowithhimnomatter________heagreesornot?A．if;ifB．if;whetherC．whether;ifD．whether;whether17．Helpotherswheneveryoucan,________you'llmaketheworldanicerplace.A．andB．orC．unlessD．but18．________hamburgersarejunkfood,manychildrenlikethem.A．IfB．UnlessC．BecauseD．Although19．________Switzerlandisverysmall,________itisthelandofwatchanditisveryrich.A．Though;butB．Because;soC．Because;/D．Though;/20.Idon'tlikebread.Iwon'teatit_____Iamveryhungry.A．ifB．whenC．asD．unless21._______Tom________MaryspeaksgoodChinese,sotheycancommunicatewiththeseChinesestudentsverywell.9/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第9页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语PracticemakesperfectA．Neither;norB．Notonly;butalsoC．Both;andD．Either;or22.You'dbetterlookupthenewwordinadictionary________youdon'tknowit.A．ifB．thatC．thoughD．whether23.—Listen!Itisstillnoisyintheheadteacher'soffice.—Goandsee________theyhavefinishedcorrectingthepapersyet.A．thoughB．whetherC．unlessD．while24.Tomknewnothingaboutit________hissistertoldhim.A．sinceB．ifC．untilD．unless25.Myunclehasbeentaughtinthisschool________hewastwentyyearsold.A．sinceB．forC．untilD．after26.—Whatisourheadteacherlike,doyouknow?—Oh,heisverykind______helooksveryserious.A.becauseB．thoughC．ifD．when27．—Wouldyouliketogobikeridingwithustomorrow?—Sure,________Iambusy.A．sinceB．unlessC．whenD．until28．—Whatdoyoulikedoingafterclass?—Ilikenotonlyreading________painting.A．andB．butalsoC．orD．for29.Theartclubisformembersonly.Youcan'tgoin________youareamember.A．unlessB．becauseC．ifD．though30.________youdon'tgotobedearlier,youwillfeeltiredinthemorning.10/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第10页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语PracticemakesperfectA．UnlessB．IfC．ThoughD．Until31．Scientistssayitmaybeafewyears________itispossibletotestthenewmedicineonpatients.A．becauseB．afterC．beforeD．since32．Alicewantedtoknow____hergrandmotherlikedthebag.A.thatB.ifC.whichD.What33.____Saturday____SundayisOK.I’llbefreeinthesetwodays.A.Either;orB.either;norCBoth;andDOne;theother34．LiLeisaid____hecouldfinishhishomeworkbeforesixo’clock.A.ifB.whatC.thatD.When35.Godownthestreet____youseethethirdcrossing.A.thoughB.sinceC.untilD.while36.Hewas____tired____hecouldn’tgoonworking.A.too;toBsuch;thatCso;thatD.too;that37.Shewas____wealllikeher.A.suchagoodsingerB.suchagoodsingerthatC.averygoodsingerthatD.sogoodsingerthat38．Itisalongtime___._wemetlasttimeinShanghai.A.beforeB.afterC.sinceD.for39．Canyoutellme____isshegoingtogivemeasapresent?A.whereB.whenC.whoD.what40．Tomlaughed____theothersdid,____hedidn’tunderstandthestory.11/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第11页，共12页-----------------------\n小菜学习英语PracticemakesperfectA.like;thoughB.as;thoughC.like;becauseD.as;as41.Itwas____wewentfishingintheopenairyesterday.A.suchaniceweatherB.soniceweatherthatC.suchniceweatherthatD.aniceweathersothat42.Ididn’thear____hesaidjustnow.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.it43.Theywerereading____thelightswereout.A.asB.whenC.whileD.until44．Couldyoutellme____hisfatherislike?A.thatB.howC.whyD.what45．A:Youmaystayathome.Youmayalsogooutwithus.(同义句)B:Youmay______stayathome______gooutwithus.答案1-5BBCCA6-10CBBAA11-15ABDDC16-20BADDD21-25BABCA26-30BBBAB31-35CBACC36-40CBCDB41-45CBBDeither⋯or12/12精品学习资料可选择pdf第12页，共12页-----------------------