【英语】初中英语宾语从句专项练习 7页

宾语从句基本讲解与练习宾语从句小口诀宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化that引，一般疑问句用if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，引导词后陈述式。一、概念在句子中起到宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。二、连接词1.陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that(在非正式场合that可以省略)。that在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。NoonetoldJack(that)therewouldbeaclassmeetingthenextday.没有人告诉杰克第二天有班会。LittleTomwasafraid(that)hecouldn’tpasstheexam.小汤姆担心这次考试不及格。【拓展1】可跟that从句做宾语的动词有：say,think,wish,hope,imagine,wonder,know,believe,agree,explain,feel,suggest,hear,mean,notice等。【拓展2】当主句谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定时，常把否定转移至主句表示。Idon’tthink(that)hecangiveaspeechatthemeeting.我认为他不会在会上发言的。【拓展3】在think,believe,imagine,suppose,guess,hope等动词以及I’mafraid等后，可用so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用not代替一个否定的宾语从句。eg:---Doyoubelievehewillcome?你相信他会来吗？---Ibelieveso.我相信会。---Idon’tbelieveso.(或Ibelievenot.)我相信不会。2.以whether或if引导的宾语从句,主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问句意思的宾语从句，从句是陈述句语序。whether或if在从句中不充当任何成分，意为“是否”。eg:“MayIuseyourknife？”Heaskedme.→Heaskedmeifhemightusemyknife.【注意1】从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人1精品学习资料可选择pdf第1页，共7页-----------------------\n称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。eg:“Doyouknowhertelephonenumber？”Heaskedme.→HeaskedmewhetherIknowhertelephonenumber.【注意2】：一般情况下，whether和if可以互用，但有些情况例外。①当从句做介词的宾于是只用whether不用if。eg:Wearetalkingaboutwhetherwe'llgoonthepicnic.我们在讨论是否去野餐。②引导词与动词不定式或ornot连用时，只用whether。eg:Pleaseletmeknowwhethertodonextstep.请让我知道是否开展下一步行动。Couldyoutellmewhetheryougoornot?能告诉我你是否去吗？3.特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑问词what,which,who,whom,whose,when,where,why,how。引导词后要用陈述句语序。疑问词在从句中充当相应的主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语成分，且有自己的意义。eg:"Whowillgiveusatalk?"Idon’tknow.→Idon’tknowwhowillgiveusatalk.【注意1】特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，句末用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。eg:"Doyouknow?"Wheredoeshelive?→Doyouknowwherehelives?"Whichsubjectdoyoulikebest?"Heaskedme.→HeaskedmewhichsubjectIlikedbest.【温馨提示1】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do/does/did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。eg:"Whydidyoucometothepartylateyesterday?"Canyoutellme?→Canyoutellmewhyyoucametothepartylateyesterday?【温馨提示2】特殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。eg:"Whocananswerthequestion?"Theteacherasked.→Theteacheraskedwhocouldanswerthequestion.老师问谁能回答这个问题。【温馨提示3】特殊疑问句在宾语从句中，要是主从句人称一致，一般可将宾语从句复合句改为简单句。eg:IwonderhowIcansendane-mailtoyou.→Iwonderhowtosendane-mailtoyou.我想知道如何给你发个电子邮件。【特殊情况】：当doyouthink后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为“引导词＋doyouthink＋陈述句语序”。2精品学习资料可选择pdf第2页，共7页-----------------------\neg:Whatdoyouthinkheisgoingtodonext?你认为他下一步打算做什么？三、宾语从句的时态1.主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的实际情况需要使用相应的时态。eg:Theworkersays(that)heworksfromMondaytoFriday.那名工人说他从周一至周五上班。(从句是一般现在时）Johnsays(that)hewillleaveamessageonhisdesk.约翰说要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）Theywilltellyou(that)theyareliving/lived/willlive/havelivedinShanghai.他们会告诉你他们正住在上海/在上海住过/将住在上海/一直住在上海。(从句是现在进行时/一般过去时/一般将来时/现在完成时)2.主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。eg:Hetoldmethathedidn’tgotothelibraryyesterday.他告诉我他昨天没去图书馆。（从句是一般过去时）Hesaid(that)hewasplayingfootballatthattime.他说他那时在踢足球。（从句是过去进行时）Hesaid(that)hewouldposttheletter.他说他将要寄这封信。(从句是过去将来时)TheyaskedmewhetherIhadbeentherebefore.他们问我以前去没去过那里。(从句是过去完成时)【注意1】如果从句有具体的过去时间状语，尽管从句动作发生在主句动作之前，有时仍用一般过去时。eg:Shetoldmeherbrotherdiedin1960.她告诉我她哥哥1960年去世的。Theysaidtheycheckedeverythingyesterday.他们说昨天他们全部检查过了。【注意2】当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理、自然现象、科学原理或格言时，从句仍使用一般现在时态。eg:Theteachertoldus(that)nothingisdifficultifweputourheartsintoit.老师告诉我们世上无难事,只怕有心人。四、随堂巩固练习1.Haveyoudecided________forAustralia?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whendoyouleave3精品学习资料可选择pdf第3页，共7页-----------------------\nC.youwillleavewhenD.whenyouwillleave2.Canyoutellme_________?A.wheredoesTomliveB.whereTomlivedC.TomliveswhereD.whereTomlives3.Theoldmanaskedme________.A.wherewasthecinemaB.whereisthecinemaC.wherethecinemawasD.wherewasthewaytothecinema4.Ithink_______youwilllikehim.A.thatB.ifC.whyD.how5.Ididn’tknow_______hewillcomeornot.A.thatB.whetherC.weatherD.how6.Iwonder_________.A.howmuchcosttheseshoesB.howmuchdotheseshoescostC.howmuchtheseshoescostD.howmucharetheseshoescost7.Sheaskedme_________.A.whohewasB.whowasheC.whoisheD.whoheis8.Askhim__________.A.whosecupthisisB.whosecupisthisC.thisiswhosecupD.whoseisthiscup9.Idon’tknow_________.A.whattimethemoviestartsB.whattimestartsthemovieC.thetimetostartthemovieD.themoviewhattimestarts10.Thedoctoraskedmehowlong________.A.wasIillB.haveIbeenillC.IhavebeenillD.Ihadbeenill11.Theweatherforecastdoesn’tsay_________.A.ifitrainstomorrowB.ifdoesitraintomorrowC.ifitwillraintomorrowD.ifwillitraintomorrow12.Doyouknow_________?A.whosepenisthisB.whosepenthisisC.whomdoesthepenbelongtoD.whomthepenbelongto13.Couldyoutellmewhere_________?A.thetapewasB.wasthetapeC.thetapeisD.isthetape4精品学习资料可选择pdf第4页，共7页-----------------------\n14.Theywanttoknow_________?A.whereisthehospitalB.howoldareyouC.whenthetrainwillleaveD.whyistheboycrying15.Tonywantedtoknow_________.A.whathadFatherChristmasputinhisstockingB.whenFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingC.whatFatherChristmashadputinhisstockingD.whereFatherChristmashadputinhisstocking16.Nooneknows_______theprofessorwillcometoourschooltomorrowtogiveusatalkornot.A.whenB.whetherC.whereD.if17.Julydidn’tknow_________.A.whereisTim’sfatherB.whenwasthefirstwatchmadeC.whotheoldmanisD.whatwaswrongwithherwatch18.Noonetoldus_________,soweneedyourhelp.A.howshouldwedoB.whatweshoulddoC.whattodoD.whatshouldwedo19.Wedon’tknow_________withtherubbishanditpollutesoutlandandsea.A.howdoitB.howtodoC.whatdoitD.whattodo20.Heaskedme_________.A.whetherIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyB.whetherdidIfindoutthesenderofthemoneyC.whetherthesenderofthemoneyfoundoutD.whetherIfoundoutthesenderofthemoney21.Didyouhear_________?A.whatdidIsayB.whatIsaidC.IsaidwhatD.whatIsay22.Canyoutellme________?A.whichclassyouareinB.whichclassareyouinC.youareinwhichclassD.areyouinwhichclass23.---Excuseme.Couldyoutellme_______?---Certainly.A.whencanIgettothestationB.Icangettowhichstation5精品学习资料可选择pdf第5页，共7页-----------------------\nC.whichstationcanIgettoD.howIcangettothestation24.Couldyoutellmewhere_______yesterday?A.didyougoB.yougoC.youhavegoneD.youwent25.Tomaskedme________.A.whoseshirtwasthisB.whoseshirtthiswasC.whoshirtwasthisD.whoshirtthiswas26.Excuseme,couldyoutellme_______?A.where’stheteachers’officeB.where’sthebusstationC.what’sshedoingD.wherethepostofficeis27.IwanttoseeMrs.Wang,butIdon’tknow_______.A.sheliveswhereB.shewherelivesC.whereshelivesD.wheredoesshelive28.---GoandaskMr.Whiteforhelp.---ButIdon’tknow_________.A.wheredoesheliveB.wherehelivesC.whereishelivingD.helivesthere29.---Canyoutellme_________?---Yes,helivesinasmalltown.A.wherehelivesB.whoissingingC.whenhewillleaveD.whathesaid30.Haveyoudecided________forLondon?A.whenwillyouleaveB.whenyouwillleaveC.whenareyougoingD.whenyouaregoing31.Excuseme.Couldyoutellme________ourtickets?A.wheredoweshowB.whereshallweshowC.wheredidweshowD.whereweshallshow32.---Whatareyouinterestedinaboutcookingfood?---Weareallinterestedin_________.A.howeggisfriedB.howiseggfriedC.HoweggfriesD.howdoeseggfry33.Doyouknow_______?6精品学习资料可选择pdf第6页，共7页-----------------------\nA.whatitisB.whatisitC.whoisheD.whosenameisit34.Doyouknow_______?A.whosebookisthisB.whosebookthisisC.thisbookiswhoseD.who’sbookthisis35.Idon’tknow______now.A.whereismycatB.mycatiswhereC.wheremycatisD.wheremycat36.Doesheknow_________?A.what’syournameB.whatnameisyourC.whatyourisnameD.whatyournameis37.Doyouknow_________?A.whichfloorhelivesB.whichfloorhelivesonC.helivesonwhichfloorD.whichfloordoesheliveson38.Tellmewhere_________?A.isthehospitalB.thehospitalisC.ishospitalD.hospitalis39.Hehasn’tdecided_______.A.ifhe’llgoonatriptoWuxiB.whenwillhegoonatriptoWuxiC.ifhegoesonatriptoWuxiD.whendoeshegoonatriptoWuxi40.Canyousee________?A.whathe’sreadingB.whatishereadingC.whatdoeshereadD.hereadswhat7精品学习资料可选择pdf第7页，共7页-----------------------