外研初中英语同步练习 9页

定语从句修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语从句所修饰的词，叫做先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(whom宾格,whose所有格)和关系副词where,when,why。关系代词：当先行词是表示人的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用who,that,whom；当先行词是表示事物的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用that,which；当先行词既有表示事物的名词或代词，又有表示人的名词或代词时，关系代词一般用that。1.Jack,thereissomeoneintheoffice_____wouldliketospeakwithyou.A.whoB.whichC.whom2.Thescientistandhisachievements________youtoldmeaboutareadmiredbyusall.A.thatB.whichC.whoD.whose3.Theboy_______Italkedwithjustnowismybestfriend.A.whichB.thatC.whoseD.where4.Thebook_______heboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.A.不填　　B.whyC.whenD.what5.—Haveyoufoundtheinformationaboutfamouspeople______youcanuseforthereport?—Notyet.IwillsearchsomeontheInternet.A.whichB.whoC.whatD.whom6.—Excuseme,canIhaveatalkwithyourmanager?—Yes?I’mjusttheman_______youarelookingfor.A.whoseB.whatC.whoD.which7.Heisthemanwith______Ijustshookhands.A.whoB.whomc.whichD.whose8.Weallliketheteacher_____classisinterestingandcreative.A.whichB.whoseC.whoD.that9.Pleaseshowmethebook_______coverisred.A.whoB.whomC.whichD.whose总结：1.关系代词who的用法：who“谁”，用来表示人，在定语从句中作主语。这里的who一般可以用that来替换。2.关系代词that的用法：that的具体意思由先行词的意思决定，它可以表示人，也可以表示物。作主语表示人时，that和who一般可以互换；作宾语表示人时，that和whom一般可以互换；作主语、宾语表示物时，that和which一般可以互换，而且都可以省略。3.关系代词which的用法：which的具体意思由先行词的意思决定，它只可以代替物，可以作定语从句的主语或宾语，一般which可以由that来替换。难点：That作主语或宾语表示物时，常和which通用。但是在下列几种情况下，只用that，不能用which。9\n１、先行词既是表示人又是表示物时；２、先行词是all,both,none,nothing,anything,everything,much,such等词时；３、先行词被形容词最高级、序数词修饰时；４、先行词被thevery,theonly,any,no等修饰时。关系副词：关系副词where,when和why引导定语从句时，在定语从句中分别作地点、时间和原因状语，起副词和介词短语的作用10.LastsummerIwenttoLuXing’shometownandvisitedthehouse____hewasborn.A.thatB.thereC.whichD.where11.Wewillneverforgettheday______wejoinedtheleague.A.whereB.whyC.whenD.which12.Thisisthereason_______Iwaslate.A.whenB.whyC.whereD.that专练：1.Weshouldgiveahandtothepeople_____needhelp.A.whoB.whoseC.whomD.when2.Iprefernottoeattoomuchfood_____isfried,likeFrenchfries.A.thatB.whatC.itD.不填3.Thisisthequestion______wearetalkingaboutnow.A.thatB.whoC.whereD.when4.—Whatareyoulookingfor?—I’mlookingforthebook____Iboughtyesterday.A.whoB.whichC.whose5.Weshouldgivelovetothechildren_____losttheirparentsintheearthquake.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.whom6.Thisisthedictionary____Mumgavemeformybirthday.A.whichB.whatC.whoseD.whom7.ShaolinTemple______liesinthewestofZhengzhouwelcomesthevisitorsbothathomeandabroad.A.whereB.whichC.whoD.what8.Thebook_____waswrittenbyYuDansellswell.A.whoB.whichC.howD.what9.Ilikethemusic______Icansingalongwith.A.whatBthatC.whoD.why10.—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?—Ilikemusic______Icansingalongwith.A.whoB.thatC.what11.Thecamel_____Irodehadabadtemper,andIgotverytired.A.thatB.whoseC.whoD.where12.—Doyouknowthegirl____isstandingunderthetree?—Sheismylittlesister.9\nA.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which13.Heistheonlystudent_____playstabletennisbetterthanJim.A.whyB.whereC.whoD.which14.Doyouknowtheman_______issittingbehindNancy?A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whose15.Doyoulikemusic_______makesyouexcited？A.thatB.whoC.whomD.it16.—Barbara,wheredoyouwork?—Iworkforacompany_______sellscars.A.whichB.whereC.whatD.who17.Theman_____gaveusatalkonscienceyesterdayisafamousscientist.A.whoB.whoseC.whichD.whom18.Thisistheplace_______myauntwasbornin.A.whoB.thatC.whereD.whose19.Manyyoungpeoplelovethesongs_______havegreatlyrics.A.whoB.whoseC.which20.“Who’sLucy,doyouknow?”“Lucy?Thegirl______iswearingayellowTshirt.”A.whichB.whoC.where21.Thegirl______wonthematchnotsolongagoiscalledGuoYue,afamousChinesetabletennisplayer.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom22.—HaveyoubeentothenewSportCentre_______isjustopenedintown?—No,notyet.　A.whereB.whoC.thatD.when23.Withoutfriendship,onecan’tbehappyalthoughheisrichenough.Asforme,Iwillneverforgetthedays_______Ispentwithmydearestfriend.A.thatB.whenC.who24.—Doyouknowtheman_______isrunningalongthestreet?—Yes.HeisourEnglishteacher.　A.whoB.whichC.whom25.CanIborrowthenewCD______islyingonthedesk,Sarah?　　A.whoB.thatC.whomD.what26.Mylittlecousin______isonlyeightyearsoldbeatalltheotherplayersinthecitychesscompetition.A.whatB.whichC.whoD.whom27.Allthechildrenliketheteachers______canunderstandthem.A.whoB.whichC.whatD.whom28.Thegreentea______growsinSouthChinaisquitepopularinChina.A.whoB.whichC.whenD.where29.—Whatkindofmusicdoyoulike?　—Ilike______Icandanceto.　A.whoB.whomC.whatD.that9\n宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句一引导词　　A,由that引导的陈述句性的宾语从句，在很多动词如say,think,wish,hope,see,believe,agree,expect,hear,feel等动词后。连词that只起连接作用，在从句中不做句子的成分，也无词汇意义，在口语中常被省略，但在大多数情况下还是以不省为好，特别是在笔语中。　　例：Itoldhimthathewaswrong.　　l在think,believe,suppose,expect等动词引起的宾语从句中，有时谓语尽管是否定意义，却不用否定形式，而将think等动词变为否定形式。　　例：Idon’tthinkyouareright.(我认为你做的不对)　　在许多带有复合宾语的句子中，that引导的宾语从句经常移到句子的后面，而用it做形式宾语。　　例：Wethinkitwrongthathetoldalietoeveryone(我认为他向每一个人撒谎是错误的)　　B,由连词if、whether引导的表示“是否…”的宾语从句。Whether,if在从句中不做句子的成分，一般情况下，whether和if可以替换。　　例：Idon’tknowif/whetherhewillcometomorrow.　　Theteacheraskedif/whetherwehadfinishedtheexperiment.注意（1）介词后面的宾语从句不用if引导　　例：Everythingdependsonwhetherwehaveenoughmoney。（2）宾语从句中有ornot时不用if引导.　　例：Idon’tknowwhetherthemoviestarwillcomeornot.（3）和不定式连用作宾语时不用if引导.　　例：Whethertogothereornothasn’tbeendecided.　　C,由wh-引导的宾语从句。连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,和连接副词when,where,why,how等连接的宾语从句，它们在句中即有连接从句的作用，又在句中充当句子的成分。　　例：Doyouknowwhichfilmtheyaretalkingabout?(which做定语)　　Idon’tknowwherehelives.(where做地点状语)　　二，宾语从句的语序，　　宾语从句从句的语序必须是陈述语序，既连接词+主语+谓语+其他成分　　例：Ibelievethattheywillcomesoon.　　HeaskedmewhetherIwasateacher.　　Theywantedtoknowwhattheycandoforus.　　三，宾语从句的时态。　　宾语从句的时态受主句的限制，　　既：主句是一般现在时态，从句根据实际情况而定。　　主句是一般过去时态，从句用相应的过去的时态。如果从句的动作发生在主句之前，则从句要用过去完成时态。　　例:9\n　　1)Shesaysthatsheisastudent.　　Shesaidthatshewasastudent.　　2)ShesaysthatshewillflytoJapaninaweek.　　ShesaidthatshewouldflytoJapaninaweek.　　3)Shesaysthatshehasfinishedherhomeworkalready.　　Shesaidthatshehadfinishedherhomeworkalready.　　4)ShesaysthatshecansingasonginEnglish.　　ShesaidthatshecouldsingasonginEnglish.　注意　（l）如果宾语从句说的是客观真理、自然现象或事实时，这时宾语从句要用一般现在时态。　　例：Theteachersaidthattheearthgoesroundthesun.　　HetoldmethatJapanisanislandcountry.　　（2）Couldyoutellme…是用来征询对方的意见，语气委婉，并不表示过去。　　例：CouldyoutellmewhenwewillvisittheHistoryMuseum?（3）由陈述句变成宾语从句时，要注意人称的变化。　　例：Shesaid:“IhavebeentoEnglandbefore.”　　ShesaidthatshehadbeentoEnglandbefore.　　Sheaskedme:“Doyoulikemaths?”　　SheaskedmeifIlikedmaths.（4）宾语从句与简单句的交换。　　由连接代词和连接副词引导的宾语从句，如果宾语从句的主语和主句的主语是同一个人时，可以用“疑问词+不定式”做宾语的简单句结构。　　例：Idon’tknowwhatIshoulddonext.　　Icon’tknowwhattodonext.　　Hedidn’tknowwherehewouldlive.　　Hedidn’tknowwheretolive.专练1.We'dliketoknow___________ornot.　　A.whetherwillthesportsmeetingcome　　B.ifwillthesportsmeetingcome　C.whetherthesportsmeetingwillcome　　D.ifthesportsmeetingwillcome2.-Excuseme，couldyoutellme___________？　　-Certainly.It'sovertherealongthestreetontheleft.　　A.wherethePeople'sParkis　　B.whereisthePeople'sPark　　C.thePeople'sParkiswhere　　D.thePeople'sParkwhereis3.Doyouknow___________thistimeyesterday？　　A.whatsheiscookingB.whatisshecooking9\n　　C.whatshewascookingD.whatwasshecooking4.Idon'tthink___________rainthisafternoon.　　A.itwon'tB.it'sgoingto　　C.ifit'sgoingtoD.whetherit'sto5.We'renotsureifit___________tomorrow.Ifit___________，wewon'tclimbtheSouthHill.　　A.willsnow；snowsB.willsnow；willsnow　　C.snows；snowsD.snows；willsnow6．Inthebookshop，areaderaskedtheshopkeeper_____WhoMovedMyCheesewasaninterestingbook．A．thatB．howC．whatD．if7．—Idon'tknow_____Mr．Greenwillcometoseeus．—HewillhelpuswithourEnglish．A．whyB．whenC．howD．where8．—Weneverknow_____theoldmanis．—Theysayheisateacher.A．whatB．whoC．whichD．where9．Iwastold_____BillGateswasthirteenhebegantoplaywithcomputers．A．thathowB．howthatC．whenthatD．thatwhen10．—Doyouknow_____？I'mgoingtoseehim．—Sorry，Idon'tknow．A．wheredoesMr．LiliveB．wheredidMr．LiliveC．whereMr．LilivesD．whereMr．Lilived11．—Wheredoyouthink_____he_____thecomputer？—Sorry，Ihavenoidea．A．／；boughtB．has；boughtC．did；buyD．does；buy12．Idon'tfeelverywell．Mumaskedme_____thismorning．A.whatthematterisB．whatiswrongC．whatthematterwasD．whatwrongwas13．—WhereisJack？—Heisawaytospendhisholiday．He'sgoneeithertoHangzhouortoWuhan，butI'mnotsure_____．A．thatB．whichC．whereD．there状语从句状语从句即指在主从复合句用作状语的从句。按照其意义，状语从句可分为时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、目的状语从句、结果状语从句、条件状语从句、让步状语从句等。1.引导时间状语从句的从属连词主要有when,while,as,whenever,before,after,since,until,till,assoonas,themoment,theminute,thesecond,theinstant,immediately,directly,instantly,once等。表示“当…时候”的while,when,as的用法区别是：while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词；表示带有规律性的“每当”或当主、从句谓语动词的动作发生有先后时，只能用9\nwhen；当表示“一边…一边…”或“随着”时，只能用as。另外，用于此义的as所引导的时间状语从句谓语只能是动作动词，不能是状态动词。“I’mgoingtothepostoffice.”“_____you’rethere,canyougetmesomestamps?”2.引导条件状语从句的从属连词主要有if,unless,as[so]longas,incase等。Don’tcomeunlessItelephone.Ifyouwatchcarefullyyouwillseehowtodoit.3.引导目的状语从句的从属连词主要有inorderthat,sothat,incase,forfear等。Takeyourcoatincaseitrains(shouldrain).4.引导结果状语从句的从属连词主要有sothat,so…that,such…that等。Hewassoangrythathecouldn'tspeak.5.引导原因状语从句的从属连词主要有because,as,since,seeing(that),now(that),considering(that)等。Theycan’thavegoneoutbecausethelight’son.他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。Sinceyouaregoing,Iwillgo.既然你去，我也去。6.引导让步状语从句的从属连词主要有although,though,eventhough,evenif,while,however,whatever,whoever,whenever,wherever等。Hewentouteventhoughitwasraining.尽管下雨，他还是出去了。7.引导方式状语从句的从属连词主要有as,like,asif,asthough,theway等。Shecan’tcooklikehermotherdoes.8.引导地点状语从句的从属连词主要有where,wherever,everywhere等。I’mnotlivingwhereIwas.从句综合练习：1.TheEnglishplay_______mystudentsactedattheNewYear’spartywasagreatsuccess.A.forwhich  B.atwhich  C.inwhich   D.onwhich2.Rosesneedspecialcare______theycanlivethroughwinter.A.because    B.sothat   C.evenif     D.as3.Thefactoryproduceshalfamillionpairsofshoeseveryyear,80%_____aresoldabroad.A.ofwhich    B.whichof  C.ofthem    D.ofthat4.Acomputercanonlydo______youhaveinstructedittodo.A.how        B.after      C.what      D.when5._____thiscompanyhasdoneseemstobeinagreementwithwhatthegovernmenthascalledfor.A.That         B.How      C.Whether   D.What6.Fortunitelywehadamap,without______wewouldhavegotlost.9\nA.which        B.it         C.that       D.what7.TheGreatWallisthelastplace______MrsmithisgoingtovisitbeforeheleavesBeijing.A.where         B.which     C./          D.what8.Ishallneverforgetthoseyears______Ilivedinthecountrywiththefarmers,______hasagreateffectonmylife.A.that;which     B.when;which  C.which;that D.when;who9.Idon’tliketheway______youspeaktoher.A./             B.inthat       C.which       D.ofwhich10.Shespentthewholeeveningtalkingaboutthethingsandthepersons______noneofushaseverheardof.A.which          B.who       C.whom      D.that11.Ihaveboughtsuchawatch________wasadvertisedonTV.A.that            B.which      C.as           D.it12.Freefilmticketswillbesentto______areinterestedinthefilm.A.whomever       B.whoever     C.whatever    D.whichever13.Thedemand______theworkersaskforhigherwagesseemedreasonable.A.what            B.that         C.which       D.when14.Wewon’tgiveup_______weshouldfailtentimes.A.evenif          B.since        C.whether      D.until15.Iremember_________thisusedtobeaquietvillage.A.when            B.how         C.where      D.what16.—Doyouremember______hecame.? ---Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.A.how       B.when     C.that       D.if17.__________sheknowsalotofthings.A.Achildsheis  B.Assheisachild  C.Childassheis  D.Childasisshe18.Youcangoout_______youpromisetobebackbefore12o’clock.A.sothat     B.asfaras   C.aslongas    D.incase19.---DothefactoryleadersmeeteveryMondaymorning? ----Yes,______thereisnothingimportanttodealwith.A.since     B.if        C.unless     D.therefore20.HelivedinParisforthreemonths,during______timehelearnedsomeFrench.A.this   B.that     C.it      D.which21.RecentlyIboughtanancientChinesevase,_____wasveryreasonable.A.whichprice    B.thepriceofwhich    C.itsprice    D.thepriceofwhose22.Wouldyouliketohaveabreak______shallwegoonwiththework?A.and    B.then   C.therefore      D.or23.Sometimestheearthquakeissoviolentthatitcandestroythewholecity,______happenedinTangShanin1976.A.as       B.that      C.where     D.like24.Hewasabouttotellmethenews_______someonepattedhimontheshoulder.A.as       B.until       C.while    D.when25.Whatislearnedinbookscannothavethesamedeepeffectonachild’scharacter______islearnedthroughexperience.9\nA.what     B.as       C.aswhat    D.whenwhat26.—DidyouremembertogiveMarythemoneyyouowedher? --Yes,Igaveittoher_____Isawher.A.while   Bimmediately     C.once       D.suddenly27. -----I can’t find Mr.Brown. Where did you meet him this morning? -----It was in the hotel he stayed.  A. that     B. which      C. where      D. when28. We'll go out for a walk as soon as it ________.A. stops raining  B. raining   C. stop to rain   D. rain29. The film was _____ interesting _____ everyone wanted to see it again.A. too, to   B. so, that  C. not ,until   D. very, that30. _______studies hard will pass the examination.A. Whoever   B. Any student   C. Who   D. Those who31. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _____I will always treasure.  A. that   B. one   C. it   D. what  　32. She took it for granted ________I’ll agree with her.A. that       B. whether       C. if       D. when综合填空练习：WhenIwaswalkingdownthestreetoneday,Is______asmallbagontheground.Ipickeditupandopenedittoseew_______Icouldfindouttheowner’sname.Therewasn_______insideitexceptsomedollarsandapictureofawomanandayounggirlabouttwelveyearsold.Iputthephotobackandtookthebagtothepolicestation.BeforeIleft,thepolicemanwrotedownmynameandmya_______.Hethoughttheownermightwanttothankme.  ThateveningIwenttohavedinnerwithmyauntanduncle.Theyhadalsoaskedayoungwomantohavedinnerwithus.Herfacewasfamiliar,butIcouldn’tr_______whereIhadseenher.D________ourtalk,theyoungwomanhappenedtosaythatshehadl_______herbagthatafternoon.AllatonceIrememberedw_______Ihadseenher.Shewastheyounggirlinthephoto.thoughshelookednowmucho______thanthegirlinthepicture.Shewasverys_______,ofcourse,whenItoldheraboutthebag.Afterdinnerwewenttothepolicestationandgotbackherbag.Thepolicemansaidtome,“It’sawonderfulthing.Youfoundnotonlythebag,butalsotheownerofthebag.”  WhenyougotoEnglandyoumayfindthetrafficthereisdifferentfromours.Asaf_______(1)youmustbec_______(2)inthestreets,becausethetrafficd______(3)ontheleft.Youmustlooktotherightandthentheleftbeforeyoucrossastreet.  Inthemorningandintheeveningwhenpeoplegotoorcomebackfromwork,thestreetsareveryb______(4).  trafficismostd_______(5)then.  WhenyougobybusinEngland,youhavetotakecare,too.Alwaysr______(6)thetrafficm______(7)  ontheleft.Youhavetot______(8)alookfirstoryouwillgotothew_______(9)way.  InmanyEnglishcitiestherearebigbuseswithtwof______(10).Youcansitonthesecondone.Fromthereyoucanseethecityverywell.9