高中英语七选五 7页

高屮英语七选五一、基本信息试的考口选项类型扰项-r列•IA、「予、如下以高考英语辽宇卷为样题进行分析：Takinggoodnotesisatime-savingskillthatwillhelpyoutobecomeabetterstudentinseveralways.71,Second,yournotesareexcellentmaterialstorefertowhenyouarestudyingtoratest.Third,note-takingoffersvarietytoyourstudytimeandhelpsyoutoholdyourinterest・Youwillwanttotakenotesduringclassroomdiscussionsandwhilereadingatextbookordoingresearchforarcport.72Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,keepinmindthatnote-takingisaselectiveproccss.73Thefollowingmethodsmayworkbestforyou.•Readthetextquicklytofindthemainfactsandideasinit.•Carefullyreadthetextandwatchforwordsthatcanshowmainpointsandsupportingfacts.•Writeyournotesinyourownwords.•74•Noteanyquestionsorideasyoumayhaveaboutwhatwassaidorwritten.Asyoutakenotes,youmaywanttouseyourownshorthand（速记）・Whenyoudo,besurethatyouunderstandyoursymbolsandthatyouusethemallthetime.75A.Usewords,notcompletesentences・B.Therearethreepracticalnote-takingmethods.C.Youmustwriteyournotesonseparatepaper.D・Otherwise,youmaynotbeabletoreadyournoteslater.E.youwillalsowanttodevelopyourownmethodfortakingnotes・F.Thatmeansyoumustfirstdecidewhatisimportantenoughtoincludeinyournotes.G・First,thesimpleactofwritingsomethingdownmakesiteasierforyoutounderstandandrememberit.分析：这篇文章整体分为四个段落层次，每个段落均由儿个语段构成相对独立地语义单位，各段都围绕“Takinggoodnotes”这样一个中心话题，形成了文章的线性结构。第一段讲述的是做笔记是好学牛在多方而的一项省时技巧，第二段讲述的是不管何时、用何种方法做笔记，都要有选择性的做记录，第三段讲述的是做笔记的最住方法，第四段讲述的是要记住门己的速记符号，这就形成了文章的层次结构，这对下一步的做题有了明确的整体方向。（答案：GEFAD）\n二、解题策略1.理清句际间意义的关系文章的内容是根据各层各段的大意有机地组合而成，各个层次，各个段落Z间不管怎样错落有致，但它所表达的内容都是要围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的语脉，从逻辑意义上來看，语段的句际关系可分为平列、顺序、层递、转折、总分、解释、因果等关系。构成语段的各个句子Z间有时可以包含一种以上的句际关系。因此，理解阅读材料时一定要把握语脉，理清句际间的关系，进而理解语段或全文的内容。2.找岀句了之间的连接性的词语文章的语句间的组合，除了从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接性词语来把握，因为连接性词语能表明这个语段句与句Z间、层与层Z间的基木关系有关系1)承接关系(如so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,asaresult等)2)平歹【J关系(女口first,second,third...;firstly,secondly,thirdly...;first,next,then...;inthefirstplace,inthesecondplace...;foronething,foranotherthing...;tobeginwith,toconclude等)。3)转折关系(如however,nevertheless,nonetheless,still,though,yet,inspiteof,atanyrate,inanycase,whoever,whateveronthecontrary,incontrast,bycontrast,incomparison,bycomparison,conversely,otherwise等)。4)层递关系(如also,further,furthermore,likewise,similarly,moreover,inaddition,what'smore,too,either,neither,not...but...,notonly...butalso等)。三、实施步骤对一个语段或语篇的分析，对以按以下步骤进行：1.通读全文：对文章进行快速浏览，寻找主题句，抓住文章结构及文章的写作内容。在阅读过程中，要注意文章的开始与结束段落，尤其是文章的首段及末段末句，因为“开门见山吗“结尾总结”的写作方式为常见的写作方式，首段的末句一般是是全文的主题所在，说叨本文将探讨哪些内容，并简耍指出文章的写作思路，有时戻至会以提纲的形式进行呈现。首段的末句对于快速掌握文章的主题具有重要意义，如果它是文章的主题句，就町以使读者迅速明确文章情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作主题有了整体的了解。如果末句不是主题句，则需要继续寻找。这时，可以考虑文章的写作方式是否为“结尾总结”式，如两者均可排除，则需在文章中其他段落寻找主题句，但要注意，首段与末段的提示作用。2.详读段落：在短吋间内，找出每段写作内容的关键词。明确各段的主题句或主旨大意。文章正文部分通常分为若干小段落。各段落会根据整体文章写作主题展开，对文章主体进行的不同方而的描述。找出各个小段落中的关键词，明确其描述内容，为整体试题的解决做好铺垫。3•定位选项：明确各备选选项的含义，抓住其关键词语，根据文章整体结构与具体内容，将选项填入文中，填写时尤为注意各选项中出现的句子衔接手段及句中的衔接标志词。在定位选项时，要特别注意空格上下段的驰内容，以及空格上段尾旬和下段巧旬的结构和意义。将所选项放入空白处，看看是否与上下文构成语义及逻辑上的直接关系，是否符合该处语境。能否承接前后的写作线索。使文章无论内容还是衔接上都能做到通顺。4•通读复检：将所选答案代入文小，再次通读全文，重点考查逻辑关系和关联结构。\n5•确定排除：研究多余选项，确定排除理由，最终确定答案。还应注意对相近选班的对比分机，个别干扰项rti于与某个正确选项的内容相近具有很强的干扰性，这时就需要我们认真分析，仔细甄别，排除干扰，从而得出正确选项。将7个选项的关键词与5个空的前后句中的关键词进行比较，匹配的是正确答案。要特别注意，除非有•充分的理由否定向前的选择，否则不要仓促吏改。只要前两步投入了精力，动了脑筋，第一印象往往可信度很高。二、典型例题讲解1.Youdon'tshowyoursecretpersonalitywhenyouarcawakebecauseyoucancontrolyourbehavior,butwhenyouareasleep,yoursleepingpositionshowstherealyou.2.Theimportantpositionistheonethatyougotosleepin.Ifyougotosleeponyourback,you'reaveryopenperson-Younormallytrustpeopleandyouarceasilyinfluencedbyfashionornewideas-Youdon"liketodispleasepeople・Soyouneverexpressyourrealfeelings.3Ifyousleeponyourstomach,youarcarathersecretiveperson.Youworryalotandyou5realwayseasilyupset.Youalwayssticktoyourownopinionsorjudgment,butyouaren'tveryambitious（上进尤、）・4.Thismeansthatyoueiijoyhavingagoodtime.Ifyousleepcurledup,youareprobablyaverynervousperson.Youhavealowopinionofyourselfandsoyou'reoftendelusive.You^reshyandyoudon'tnonnallylikemeetingpeople.Youprefertoonyourown,You^reeasilyhurt・Ifyousleeponyourside,yonhaveusuallygotawell-balancedpersonality.5.Yon^reusuallycareful.Youbelieveinyourself.Yonsometimesfeelanxious,butyoudon^toftengetsad.Youalwayssaywhatyouthinkevenifitmakespeopleratherangry.A.You'requiteshyandyouaren^tquitesureofyourself.B.Youknowyourstrengthsandweakness.C.Nonnallypeopleseldomchangetheirsleepingposition・D・Everyonehasgottwopersonalities-theonethatisshowntotheworldandtheotherthatissecretandreal.E,Maybeyoudon'twanttomakefi-iendswithapersonwhosleepscurledup.F.Youusuallylivefortodaynottomorrow.G・Inanormalnight,ofcourse,peoplefrequentlychangetheirpositions.\n按解题步骤操作:\n1.标记空前后句屮的关键词木文主要讨论各种唾眠姿势反映出的各种性格。各个空前后句的关键词标记如卜•：1.空后：名词词组secretpersonality,don'tshow2.空前position空后importantposition,theone,等。说明空中耍填入的选项含有此类词汇。3.关键词:neverexpressyourrealfeelings.4.关键词：aren'tveryambitious(上进心)。空后，youenjoyhavingagoodtime.5.空前句中的关键词：well-balanced,空后为careful.2.标记选项中的关键词(A)关键词shy,aren'tquitesure说明空的前一句可能提到过一种不敢干什么。(B)knowyourstrengthsandweakness说明一个人性格是好的,优缺点都知道而且能调控。(C)seldomchangetheirsleepingposition说明前后■"句可能提到数字,而且是很少的。(D)twopersonalities,shownsecret(E)doiftwanttomakefriends,sleepscurledup.(说明前血或后血肯定提到蜷着身子睡觉的人的各种个性。(F)livefortodaynottomorrow(活在当下，没抱负)(G)frequentlychangetheirpositions.3.比较两类关键词将7个选项的关键词与5个空的前后句中的关键词进行比较，发现匹配的是：1与D、2与G、3与A、4与F、5与Bo4.代入原文将确定的选项代入原文，发现意义上与逻辑上都通顺，因此为正确答案。同时对于此类题，解题吋还要能能娴熟地利用各种衔接手段。如词汇衔接、逻辑衔接、结构衔接等。以后的讲解屮会为人家分析如何运用这些衔接手段。辽宁高考EasyWaystoKeepYourBrainSharpEveryoneisforgetful,butasweage,westarttofeellikeourbrainsareslowingdownabit一andthatcanbeaveryannoyingthing.71Readonforsometechniquesworthtrying.1.J72Peoplewhoregularlymadeplansandlookedforwardtoupcomingeventshada50percentreducedchanceofAlzheimer'sdisease(早老性痴呆症),accordingtoarecentstudy.73Somethingassimpleassettingagoaltohaveaweeklycoffeedatewithafriendwilldo.There'sevidencethatpeoplewhohaveapurposeinlifeorwhoareworkingonlongorshort-termgoalsappeartodobetter.Inotherwords,keepyourbrainlookingforward.2.Goforawalk.Mildlyraisedglucose(葡萄糖)levelscanharmtheareaofthebrainthathelpsyouformmemoriesand\nphysicalactivitycanhelpgetbloodglucosedowntonormallevels.Infact,exerciseproduceschemicalsthataregoodforyourbrain.74\n3・Learnsomethingnew.TakeaSpanishclassonlineJoinadrawingclub,orlearntoplaycards.Astudyfoundthatmentalstimulation（刺激）limitstheweakeningeffectsofagingonmemoryandthemind.Butthebestthingforyourbrainiswhenyoulearnsomethingnewandarephysicallyactiveatthesametime,75Orgodancingwithyourfriends.A.Focusonthefuture・B.Thiscanbeespeciallyharmfultotheaged.C.Itshouldbesomethinglikelearninggardening・D・Sotakeafewminuteseachdaytodosomereading.E.Butdon'twonyifyourscheduleisn'tfilledwithlife-changingevents・F・Luckily,researchshowsthereisalotyoucandotoavoidthosemoments.G・Inotherwords,whenyoutakecareofyourbody,youtakecareofyourbrain・Stepl:Step2:Step3:Step4:Step5: