初中定语从句讲解练习及答案_免费下载 5页

Unit6定语从句复习及练习一、定义：在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。定语定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的，是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语（动词不定式短语、动名词短语和分词短语）或句子，汉语中常用‘……的’表示。单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前，作前置定语。短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后，作后置定语。定语从句是指在一个句子中作定语的句子，定语从句要放在所修饰的词后。如：1)Themanwholivesnexttousisapoliceman.2)YoumustdoeverythingthatIdo.上面两句中的man和everything是定语从句所修饰的词，叫先行词，定语从句放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的词有关系代词that,which,who(宾格who,所有格whose)和关系副词where,when、why关系词常有三个作用：1、引导定语从句2、代替先行词3、在定语从句中担当一个成分注意：1.定语从句要翻译成“...的”。2.当关系代词作定语从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词要和先行词保持一致。二、关系代词引导的定语从句1.who指人，在从句中做主语和宾语(1)TheboyswhoareplayingfootballarefromClassOne.(2)YesterdayIhelpedanoldmanwholosthisway.2.whom指人，在定语从句中充当宾语，常可省略。Mr.Liuistheperson(whom)youtalkedabout.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.3.which指物，在定语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略Footballisagamewhichislikedbymostboys.(which在句子中做主语)Thisisthepen(which)heboughtyesterday.(which在句子中做宾语)4.that指人时，相当于who或者whom；指物时，相当于which。在宾语从句中做主语或者宾语，做宾语时可省略。Thepeoplethat/whocometovisitthecityareallhere.(在句子中做主语)Whereisthemanthat/whomIsawthismorning?(在句子中做宾语)5.whose通常指人，也可指物，在定语从句中做定语Hehasafriendwhosefatherisadoctor.Ilivedinahousewhoseroofhasfallenin.whose指物时，常用以下结构来代替Theclassroomwhosedoorisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.=Theclassroomthedoorofwhichisbrokenwillsoonberepaired.Doyoulikethebookwhosecolorisyellow?=Doyoulikethebookthecolorofwhichisyellow?注：that用法(1)不用that的情况(a)在引导非限定性定语从句时。(错)Thetree,thatisfourhundredyearsold,Isveryfamoushere.(b)介词后不能用。Wedependonthelandfromwhichwegetourfood.5\nWedependonthelandthat/whichwegetourfoodfrom.(2)只能用that作为定语从句的关系代词的情况(a)在therebe句型中，只用that，不用which。(b)在不定代词，如：anything,nothing,theone,all等作先行词时，只用that，不用which。(c)先行词有theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast,just修饰时，只用that。(d)先行词为序数词、数词、形容词最高级时，只用that,不能用which。.(e)先行词既有人，又有物时。Allthatisneededisasupplyofoil.所需的只是供油问题。Finally,thethiefhandedeverythingthathehadstolentothepolice.那贼最终把偷的全部东西交给了警察。三、关系副词引导定语从句关系副词关系副词：在句中作状语关系副词=介词+关系代词why=forwhichwhere=in/at/on/...which(介词同先行词搭配)when=during/on/in/...which(介词同先行词搭配)1.where指地点，在定语从句中做地点状语用来表示地点的定语从句。ShanghaiisthecitywhereIwasborn.ThehousewhereIlivedtenyearsagohasbeenpulleddown.2.when引导定语从句表示时间。在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用IstillrememberthedaywhenIfirstcametotheschool.Thetimewhenwegottogetherfinallycame.3.why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语Pleasetellmethereasonwhyyoumissedtheplane.Idon’tknowthereasonwhyhelooksunhappytoday.注意：关系副词引导的从句可以由“介词+关系代词”引导的从句替换(1)Thereasonwhy/forwhichherefusedtheinvitationisnotclear,(2)Fromtheyearwhen/inwhichhewasgoingtoschoolhebegantoknowwhathewantedwhenhegrewup.注：1）介词后面的关系代词不能省略。2）that前不能有介词。3）某些在从句中充当时间，地点或原因状语的"介词+关系词"结构可以同关系副词when,where和why互换。ThisisthehouseinwhichIlivedtwoyearsago.=ThisisthehousewhereIlivedtwoyearsago.Doyourememberthedayonwhichyoujoinedourclub?=Doyourememberthedaywhenyoujoinedourclub?Thisisthereasonwhyhecamelate.=Thisisthereasonforwhichhecamelate.5\n练习一、请分析一下定语从句：(请划出定语从句，并标出先行词)1.   AnotherthingthatIfoundverydifficultwasEnglishgrammar.2. AllIeverwantedtodowastraveling.3.    Youcouldn’tunderstandpeoplewhotalkedfast.4.    Ihavesomeideasthatmayhelp.5.   Theysaidsomethingyoudidn’tlike.6.    Canyouthinkofanyproblemsyouhavehadrecently?7.   HewouldalwaystakeprideineverythinggoodIdo.8. Ifyouknowsomeoneyouknowdoingthis,youcanaskthem.9.   MyfriendsandItalkedabouttherulesthatwehaveinschool.10. Whataresomeoftherulesthatateenagershouldobey?12. Ifyouknowanyoneelsewhocollectsthem,pleasetellme.13. Standingveryclosetothepersonyouaretalkingwithisquitecommoninsomecountries.二、用关系代词填空：that、which、who、whom、whose1.  Thisistheman________wantstoseeyou.2. Thestudent__________answeredthequestionisZhangHua.3.  Theman__________youwenttoseehascome.4.  Theman___________Imetyesterdaylentmesomemoney.5.  Thewoman_______________yousawisourgeographyteacher.6.  Therunner________________youareaskingaboutisoverthere.7.  Theperson______________youshouldwritetoisMr.Ball.8.  Theman___________waspassingbysawwhathappened.9.  Hereisthepen_________youlostthedaybeforeyesterday.10. Thesebooks_____________youlentmewereveryuseful.11. Thestorybook____________Ihavejustreadcannotbeeasilyforgotten.12.  Aclockisamachine______tellspeoplethetime.13.  Thisisshirt_______________Iboughtyesterday.14.  Adictionaryisabook_____________givesthemeaningtotheword.15.  Thebook___isonthetableismine.16.  Thefilm____________theyaretalkingaboutisveryinteresting.17.  Iwillneverforgetthepeopleandtheplaces_____Ihaveevervisited.18. Isthereanyone____________familyisinBeijing?19.  Showmetheboy______________motherisawell-knownsinger.20.  Theboy______fatherisateacherisgoodatEnglish.21．Thisisthebestfilm_____________Ihaveeverseen.22．Herparentswouldn’tlethermarryanyone____________familywaspoor.5\n三、单项选择()1.YourteacherofChineseisayounglady____comesfromBeijing.A.whoB.whichC.whomD.whose()2.What’sthenameoftheprogram________.A.whicharelisteningB.youarelisteningtoC.tothatyouarelisteningD.thatyouarelistening()3.Thisisthebag_____mymotherboughtyesterday.A.thatB.whoC.whomD.This()4.Hewastheonlypersoninhisoffice______wasinvited.A.whomB.whoseC.thatD.which()5.Thisisthemuseum______wevisitedlastyear.A.whereB.inwhichC.whichD.inthat()6.Charlietoldhismotherall____hadhappened.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.who()7.Theman_____livesnexttousismyEnglishteacher.A.whomB.whichC.whoD./()8.Ilikethehouse_____windowsfacesouth.A.whoseB.who’sC.it'sD.its()9.Theonlylanguage_____iseasytolearnisthemothertongue.A.whichB.thatC./D.it()10.Theyoungwoman_____Ispokejustnowisayoungdoctor.A.whoB.towhomC.whomD.that()11.Thegirlhandedeverything_____shehadpickedupinthestreettothepolice.A.whichB.inwhichC.thatD.all()12.Pleaseshowmethebook_____youboughtyesterday.A.whichB.whomC.whoseD.this()13.Thisisthebestbook_____Ihavebeenlookingforallthisyear.A.whoB.whomC.whichD./()14.Theman_____herejustnowisadoctor.A.whowereB.whowasC./wasD.hewere()15.Theboy_____hastwolovelydogs.A.wholivenextdoorB.whichlivesnextdoorC.whomlivesnextdoorD.thatlivesnextdoor()16.Heisthemostcarefulboy_____Iknow.A.whatB.whichC.asD../5\n5