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初中英语语法冠词专项练习 一.概念 冠词是一个虚词,它置于名词之前,限定名词的意义.冠词可分为定冠词,不定冠词和零冠词三类. 二.相关知识点精讲 不定冠词: 1.a用于辅音发音开头的词前,如:abook;an用于元音发音开头的词前,如:anapple,anhour.请区别:ausefulmachine,anumbrella,a“u”,an“h”。 1.a/an用于单数可数名词前。 abookaboyamanabirdadoganhour aninterestingbookabigdogadangerousaminal 【练习】判断正误: astory( )abread( )apaper( )abag( ) aprettywoman( )aschool( )ausefulbook( ) 2.表示类别:这种用法是指某人或某物属于某一种类,或者指某一种类的人或物中的任何一个或一件,或者指某一种类的人或物,但不具体说明是何人或何物。例如: Thatisapen,notapencil.那是钢笔而不是铅笔。(指属于某一种类) Givehimapear,please!请给他一个梨。(指某一种类中的任何一个) Listen!Aboyissingingintheclassroom. 3.和one的区别:a/an表示类别种类One强调数量 abus(表示是一辆公交车而不是一辆小汽车也不是火车) onebus(强调是一辆车而不是两辆或三辆) Thereisacatunderthechair.椅子下面有一只猫。(强调种类) Thereisonecatunderthechair.椅子下边有一只猫。(强调数量) 4.表示基本单位,作“每一”讲。例如:threetimesaday,10yuanakilo sixclassadaythirtymilesanhour等。 定冠词: 一:the表示特指。表示名词所指的人或事物是同类中的特定的一个,以别于同类中其他的人或事物,相当于汉语中的“那个”或“这个”的意思。 thebookinmybagtheboyunderthetree theapplesinthebasketthehospitalnearmyhome 二:可以和单、复数名词,也可以和不可数的名词连用。 thebooksthebookthericethebreadthefootball theoldmantheinterestingbooktheteachersthewomen 三:用法: 1).定冠词的最基本的用法是“特指”:表示某个或某些特定的人或物。 Doyouknowthegirlinaredskirt?你认识那个穿红裙子的女孩吗? BeijingisthecapitalofChina.北京是中国的首都。 2).再次提到上文提到过的人或物,应该用定冠词the。例如: Tomhasanapple,Theappleisbigandred. Thereisaboyunderthetree.Theboyismybrother. 3).指谈话双方都知道的人或物。例如: Let’sgoandgiveittotheteacher.咱们去把它交给老师吧。\n Openthedoor,please!请打开门。 4).用于某些固定词组中。例如: inthemorning/afternoon/evening等。 5).用在形容词前表示一类人。 theold老人theyoung年轻人therich富裕的人 thepoor_________thedeaf__________theblind____________ 6).用在表示“姓”的复数名词前,表示一家人或夫妇二人。例如: TheWhitesarespendingtheirholidayinEngland. TheGreenscametoChinatwoyearsago. 7).用在由普通名词构成的表示场所的专有名词前。 theGreatWall长城theSummerPlace颐和园 theUnitedStates美国theOctoberRevolution十月革命 theChinesePeople’sLiberationArmy中国人民解放军 theLongMarch长征 8).用在序数词或形容词最高级前 ThefirstthingIwanttosayistolistencarefullyinclass. Heisthetallestoneinourclass. 9).世界上独一无二的事物等(月亮、地球、天空、宇宙) theglobe太阳系theuniverse宇宙theatmosphere大气层 Thesunrisesintheeast. Theearthgoesroundthesun. 10).在世纪,年代名词前用冠词。 inthe1980s或inthe1980’s20世纪80年代 inthenineteenthcentury二十世纪 11).在江河、山脉、湖泊、海洋、群岛、海峡、海湾运河前用the。 theChangjangRiver长江 theWestLake西湖thePacificOcean太平洋 12).在介词短语中常用定冠词the,如:inthebox,behindthechair。 13).不能用定冠词the的几个方面: (1)在节日、星期、月份、季节、年等词前不用冠词。如:insummer,inAugust请区别:inthespringof1945.(这里表示特指,故加the) (2)一日三餐和球类运动名不用冠词。如:havebreakfast,playfootball (3)一些固定词组中,如:gotobed,gotoschool,bybus,atnight. 14).在有些词组中,有冠词和无冠词意思不同,请注意区别: infrontof在…前面,inthefrontof在…范围内的前部 inhospital(生病)住院,inthehospital在医院里。 零冠词: 一:所谓零冠词,即指不使用冠词的情况: 二:用法: 1)在物质名词,抽象名词前不用冠词 Thedeskismadeofwood. Whatiswork?Workisstruggle 2)国名,人名前通常不用定冠词: England,ChinaMaryLileiMr.Green\n 3).在星期、月份,季节等名词前;SundayMarchsummerwinter 4)名词前有物主代词,指示代词,不定代词,名词所有格修饰时(this,my,that,those,these,her) 如:thismorningmypenyourwatchwhosebike等 5)在球类运动、一日三餐、学科和语言的名词前如: havebreakfastplaychessplaybasketball (注意在乐器前必须加定冠词如弹钢琴playthepianoplaytheviolin) 6)当by与火车等交通工具连用,表示一种方式时,中间无冠词; bybusbytrainbycarbyairbybikebyplane (注意如果用介词on表示乘坐交通工具必须用a或an来表示如inabusonabike等) 7)有些个体名词不用冠词;如: school,college,prison,market,hospital,bed,table,class,town,church,court等个体名词,直接置于介词后,表示该名词的深层含义; gotohospital 去医院看病 gotothehospital 去医院(并不是去看病,而是有其他目的) 练习: 1 ()1HanMeimeiis___Chinesegirl.Lucyis____Englishgirl. A.a;aB.an;anC.a;anD.an;a ()2Alittleboywrote____"U"and___"n"onthewall. A.a;anB.an;aC.an;anD.a;a ()3_____oldladyinbrownis____universityprofessor. A.An;aB.An;/C.The;anD.The;a ()4Therearesixtyminutesin____hour. A.anB.theC.aD./ ()5Thisis____interestingbookanditisalso____usefulone. A.an;anB.an;theC.an;aD.a;a ()6Acomputeris____usefultoolin____worldtoday. A.an;theB.a;theC.the;theD.a;a 2 ()1Wehaveneverseen____interestingfilm.\n A.suchB.suchanC.soD.sucha ()2MrsSmithis____friendof__ A.the;mineB.a;meC.the;myD.a;mine ()3Heis___boy. A.aseven-years-oldB.aneight-year-oldC.theseven-year-oldD.aneight-year-older ()4Fancysaw____accidentinthestreetyesterday. A.theB.aC.anD./ ()5Nowheis___artist.1haveknownhimsincehewas___one-year-oldboy. A.a;anB.a;aC.an;anD.an;a 3 ()1.Whichbigger___elephantor___horse? A.a;theB.an;aC.the;anD.an;the ()2____monkeycanclimb____trees. A./;theB.A;/C.The;aD./;/ ()3____rainsarefasterthan____buses. A./;/B.The;/C./;theD.The;a ()4-HaveyoulearnedGerman? -Yes.It's___languageI'veeverlearned. A.aquitedifficultB:quiteadifficultC.difficultquiteD.difficultaquite ()5Someanimals,like____cat,____dogor____wolf,donotneedtohibernate(冬眠). A./;/;theB.the;the;theC.a;/;the,D.the;/;/冠词1. Mr Wang has worked as ______ English teacher for more than 10 years. A. / B. a C. an D. the答案:C【解析】考查冠词。修饰English teacher,排除B。句意:作为一位英语老师,故选C。2、. ----How long does it take us to go to your hometown from here? ----It takes us hour or more to go to my hometown by train. A. an; a B. a ; an C. an; / D. a; /【答案】C【解析】冠词的考察 hour 第一个字母h不发音,所以一小时应用an hour; by 介词,当交通工具前无修饰词时,用介词by且名词前不用冠词。3、.—What useful book it is! —Yeah, it tells you how to play guitar. A. an; the B. a; a C. a; the D. an; a答案:C【解析】本题考查的是冠词的用法。a用在以辅音(指辅音音素)开头的词前,an用在以元音(指元音音素)的词前。the表示特指。本题意思是,-这本书真有用。-是的,它告诉你怎么谈吉他。useful和guitar是以辅音音素开头,故本题选C。4、.Susan joined an art club at ___age of six and paints well.A. the B. an C.a答案:A \n【解析】冠词用法。at the age of为固定搭配,意为“在……岁时”,故选A。5、My uncle is ________ engineer. He works very hard.A. the B. a C. an答案:C【解析】考查冠词。表示“一个,一位”用a/an.此题engineer以元音音素开头,前用an.6、.A horse is _______ useful animal. A. a B. an C. the D. /答案:A 【解析】A 考查冠词用法 根据句意:马是有用的动物。a用在辅音元素前, an 用在元音元素前,the用在特指事物前。故选A.7、 We usually go to ______ school on weekdays, and sometimes go to______ cinema at weekends. A. 不填;the B. the; the C. the; 不填 D. 不填;不填答案:A 【解析】冠词用法。Go to school 固定用法,go to a/the cinema 也是固定用法,a/the cinema 表示一类事物。8.、 _ are planning to go on vacation.A. Black’s B. A Black’s C. The Black’s D. The Blacks【答案】D【解析】冠词的考察 the加姓的复数形式表示“一家人”9、Mrs Smith has _____ son and a daughter. A. a B. an C. the答案B【解析】考查冠词的用法。根据句子的a daughter,可知泛指一个儿子和一个女儿,son的开头字母的因素是辅音,要用a,故选B。10、 Her daughter began to pla y _____ piano when she was fi ve. Now she’s very good at it.A. an B. a C. the D. /答案C【解析】考查冠词的使用。演奏乐器要冠词the 。11、. She learned to play piano all by herself.A. a B. an C. the D.不填【答案】C【解析】考查冠词用法,乐器前要加定冠词the。12、. —What do you want to be in the future, Nick?—I want to be _____ pilot. It is_____ exciting job. A、 a; a B. a; an C. the; an D, a; the答案:B。考查冠词。“a+单数名词”泛指人或物的类别。答句句意:我想做一位飞行员,那是一种令人激动的工作。易错提示:job与pilot不是同一物,不要误以为后面是第二次提到而用the。13、There is ______big supermarket in ______center of our city.A、a; the B. the; a C. the; the \n答案:A【解析】考查冠词。对于可数名词,第一次提到用a或an,big的第一个音素是辅音音素,用a;in the centre of-------是固定搭配。14、 Beijing, _______ capital of China, has _______ long history.A. a; a B. the; 不填 C. the; a D. 不填;the答案C【解析】考查冠词的用法。The表特指,the capital of China意为“中国的首都”;has a long history意为“有一段悠久的历史”。15、 Let’s have ____ break; I want to make_______ telephone call.A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. the; the 答案:A【解析】本题考查固定短语的构成。have a break是固定搭配,意为“休息一下”;make a telephone call也是固定搭配,意为“打电话”。故选A。16、. "Cindy, do you have ________e-mail address? I want to send you some photos. ""Yes, I do. It’s cindy]26@ sohu. com. "A. a B. an C. the答案:B 【解析】 e-mail是以元音音素开头的单词,其前应用不定冠词an。故选B。17、 It is ________ popular way among the young people to chat on the Internet now.A. a B. an C. the答案A 【解析】冠词的考查。Popular是以辅音开始的单词,一种流行的方式应用冠词a.18、. — Do you know ______ girl who is standing under ____ tree?— Of course! She is Lucy, my classmates.A. the, the B. a, a C. a, / D. /, the答案 :A 【解析】冠词用法。the用于特指某人(物),本句意思就是指树下站着的这个女孩,girl, tree都是特指,故选择A。19、There is _____ pencil on the desk. A、 an B. a C. the D. /【答案】B【解析】冠词的考察 “桌子上有一支铅笔”,表示泛指,pencil第一个因素是辅音音素,故用不定冠词a.20、 I often go to school ________. A. by bus B. by a bus C. by the bus答案:A 【解析】考查固定短语。乘坐公共汽车是by bus,没冠词。21、. Sam wants to be _________ actor.\n A. a B. the C. an答案:C 【解析】考查冠词用法 不定冠词数量有“一”的意思,actor开头读音是原音,所以不用a而用an。22、 —Why do you like Jack? —Because he is honest boy.A. a B. an C. the答案: B【解析】冠词的考查.honest是以元音开始的单词,应够用冠词an. 23、 I don’t know the city. Where can I find ___ good restaurant?.A. a B. an C. the D. (不填)答案:A【解析】冠词的用法。第一次提到的事物一般用不定冠词a或an,第二次提到或特指的一般用定冠词the,从本句的表达可知,是第一次提到,故答案为A。24、 Learning_____ country’s language is a better way knowing _____culture behind it.A. the; a B. a; the C. /; the D. a; /答案:B25、John can play _____ guitar, but he can’t play ______ chess. A. the;/ B./;the C. the; the答案:A 解析:考查冠词的用法。表示“弹奏乐器”使用定冠词the,表示“下棋”不使用冠词,故选A项。26、 —lily is coming by_____ plane tomorrow.—Let s go to _ airport to meet her.A. a; a B. /; a C. the; the D. /; the答案:D【解析】考查点:冠词的用法。解题思路:by+交通工具,中间没有任何冠词,定冠词the用在名词前表特指,不定冠词用在名词前表一类,a用于辅音音素开头的词前。根据句意:“丽丽明天乘飞机来。 让我们去机场见她吧。”此处表示特指。 故选D。 27、 —What ________ exciting sports show!—Yeah, I love this game.A. a B. the C. an答案:C 【解析】考查冠词的用法。exciting是元音音素开始的单词,所以用an。28、.Miss Liu wants to lose weight. She just has _______ cup of milk for ________ breakfast every day. A. a; the B. a;(不填) C. the; a D. the;(不填) 答案: B “一杯牛奶”是a cup of milk, 用a表示数量“一”;一日三餐名词前常常不用冠词,因此答案为B。29、._______ lion is a dangerous animal. Don’t you think so? A. A B. An C. The\n 答案:C 30、. There is big supermarket in center of our city.A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the 答案:A31、 Li Na plays ________ tennis very well. She has become ____first Asian woman to reach a Grand Slam(大满贯) final.A. a, the B. /, the C. the, a D./,a答案:B 该题考查了冠词的用法,第一个空考查了零冠词的用法,球类名词前不用冠词;第二个空考查了定冠词the的一种用法,用在序数词、形容词最高级前,表特指。32、.Meimei’s father is teacher in a school. A. / B. an C. a D. the答案:C33、. On April 12, 1961,_____27—year—old Yuri Gagarin(尤里.加加林)became the first human to go into_____ space.A. the;不填 B. the; the C. a;不填 D. a; the 答案A 【解析】冠词用法。由句意:在1961年4月12号,27岁的尤里.加加林成为进入太空的第一人。第一个空属于特指,应该用the,而space作“太空”时一般不用冠词。故选A。34、. ---How was ________ dinner at Mike’s house? ---It was great. Mike’s mum is _________ wonderful cook. A. a; the B. the; a C. the; the D. a; an答案:B 【解析】选B。考查冠词的用法。定冠词the用在名词前表特指,不定冠词用在名词前表 一类。问句是指麦克家的晚餐,故是特指;答语是说麦克的妈妈是一个极好的厨师,是泛指。 a用于辅音音素开头的词前,故选B。35、 —Did you get there by ______ bike? —No, I took ______ taxi. A. a; a B. 不填; a C. the; the D. a; the答案:B 【解析】冠词的用法。by直接加交通工具表示方式,take a taxi是固定词组。36— What does Michael look like? — He has big eyes and _______ wide mouth. A. a B. an C. the 答案:A 【解析】考查不定冠词的辨析。mouth为可数名词,被形容词wide修饰;而wide又是以辅音字母开头。句意:他有大大的眼睛和一张大嘴。故选A。\n37、. Which of the following phonetic transcription(音标) is right for the phrase “the egg”?eg/dieg/ D. /eg/ C. /θi A./ðə eg/ B. /ði答案:B【解析】定冠词的用法。定冠词the在元音因素前发而不发。是元音,故选B。38、 My mother is _______English teacher in No. 2 Middle School.A. a B. the C. an D, /答案:C【解析】考查冠词的用法。a用于辅音之前,an用于元音之前;由句意“我的母亲是一位第二中学的英语教师”及单词English的第一因素是元音,可判定用an。故选C。39、 Look! There is ________ cat in the tree. A. a B. an C. the D. /答案A【解析】考查冠词的用法。cat为可数名词,且以辅音开头。句意:看!树上有一只猫。故选A。40、 I like music, but I don’t like ______ music of this film. A. a B. an C. the D.不填答案:C【解析】:冠词用法。不定冠词A 和an表泛指。定冠词The表特指。由句意“我喜欢音乐,但我不喜欢这部电影的音乐”。故选C。41、 – By the end of this year, China’s state and provincial (省的) libraries will be free to the public. –That’s _______ good news for those who often go to these places. A. a B. the C. 不填答案:C【解析】冠词的用法。答语中news是一个不可数名词,故前面既不能用a也不能用an,定冠词the一般用于第二次提到的某个事物。42、. -What are you going to be when you grow up?- teacher like you.A. A B. An C. The D./答案:A【解析】冠词的用法。a 修饰以辅音音素开头的单数可数名词;an修饰以元音音素开始的单数可数名词。the表特指。句意为“你长大了打算干什么?”“像你一样做一位老师。”故选A。43、. On March 11, 2011 _____ earthquake hit Japan.A. an B. a C. \ D. the答案:A【解析】考查冠词的用法。a用于辅音之前,an用于元音之前;由句意“一场地震在2011年3月11日袭击了日本”及单词earthquake的第一因素是元音,可判定用an。故选A。44、. There’s ______ apple on the table. _______ apple is for my little brother. \n A. a; An B. an; An C. the; An D. an; The答案:D 【解析】 冠词的用法。泛指用不定冠词,apple是元音音素开头的用an;再次提到上文的人或物用定冠词the.45、The evening party was really fun. We had _________ great time. A. a B. an C. the D.不填答案:A 【解析】固定搭配。 have a great time意为“玩的开心”。46、 Photography can be ______excellent hobby for kids.A. / B. a C. an D. the答案:C 【解析】不定冠词的用法。不定冠词an用于元音前,表示“数量有‘一’”的意思,句意为“对孩子们来说一个很好的爱好”。47、 –What do you usually have for ______ breakfast, Peter?–A friend egg, three pieces of bread and a glass of milk.A. a B. an C. the D. / 答案:D解析: 考查冠词的用法。三餐前不用冠词,故选D项。48、.There is _______report in today’s newspaper. It’s about _______sports meeting that will be held in Weihai.A. a; the B. an; the C. the; the D. a; a 答案:A 【解析】冠词的用法。report为可数名词单数,这里表示“一”;这里的sports meeting是特指“在威海举行的体育运动会”,故用the。49、. — Who’s that lovely girl?— You mean ______ girl with long hair? That’s Kate.A. a B. an C. the D. 不填答案:C【解析】冠词的用法。 此处girl之后有后置定语with long hair,是特指“长头发的那个女孩”,因此用the。50、 My birthday is coming. Dale will send me ___ e - dog as my birthday present.A. a B. an C. the答案:B 【解析】冠词用法。泛指用不定冠词,e-dog是元音音素开头, 所以用an。故选B。51、. Lily is ______ active girl and she is fond of playing ______ volleyball. A. an; a B. a; the C. an; / D. a; /【答案】C解析:考查冠词的用法。active是以元音音素开头故用an; 球类前 不用冠词。故选C。52、 Lady Gaga is ¬¬________very popular singer. She has lots of fans.\n A. a B. an C. the D. /答案:A 【解析】不定冠词的用法。a/an 后接单数可数名词,强调数量“一,一个”。故选A.53、 I am going to make ________special house for my pet pig this weekend. A. an B. a C. the答案:B【解析】冠词的用法。本句句意为本周末我打算为我的宠物狗做一个特别的房子。一个特别的房子为a special house,此处为不定冠词,而special的开始是辅音音素,因此本题答案为B。54、 — Have you seen______ pen? I left one here this morning.— Is it___________ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the答案:B 【解析】考查冠词用法。两个空缺处均是泛指,且都是以辅音因素开头的单词,故答案选B。55、.Lucy is__ good girl. She often helps others.A.a B.an C.the D./答案:A【解析】冠词的用法不定冠词表示泛指,指一类,a用在用于辅音音素开头的词前,an用于元音音素开头的词前,定冠词the用在名词前表特指。g的音标是/g/,故用冠词a。56、 Justin Bieber is ______Canadian singer and he has lots of fans. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填答案:A 【解析】冠词的用法。Justin Bieber是一个音乐家,是泛指且Canadian的第一个音是辅音,因此用a。57、--Do you know ______ man in blue? --Yes, he’s a professor of_________ university. A. the, a B. a, an C. the, an D. / , the 答案:A 【解析】考查点:冠词的用法。定冠词the表示特指,此处特指穿蓝衣服的那个人;第一次提到某物要用a/an, university是辅音音素开头的,故“一个大学”要说a university,an要放在以元音音素开头的单词前。故选A。58、.—There’s ______ ball on the ground. Would you please pass ______ ball to me? —With pleasure.A. the; the B. the; a C. a; a D. a; the答案:D 【解析】考查冠词。对于可数名词,第一次提到用a或an,第二次提到用the。59、. Ge You is ______ interesting actor. He has lots of fans.A. a B. 不填 C. an答案:C 【解析】冠词用法。interesting是元音音素开头的单词。根据句意:葛优是一位有趣的演员。得出答案an.\n60、 It’s not __ good idea to drive for four hours without _ break. A. a; a B. a: the C. the; a D. the; the答案:A 【解析】选A。考查冠词的用法。不定冠词用在名词前表泛指一类。定冠词the用在名词前表特指, 前一个空表示泛指“一个好主意”;without a breakfast是固定搭配 “不停顿的”。61、 As we know, England is _______European country and Singapore is ______Asian country.A. an; an B. an; a C .a; a D. a; an答案:D【解析】冠词的用法。European首字母发音为/j/, Asian 首字母发音为/eɪ/,故选D。62、. ---Who’s ___________ boy in red, do you know? ---Oh. He’s ___________ friend of Tom. A. the, a B. an, the C. a, the D. the, an答案:A 【解析】冠词用法。特指用the,指穿红色衣服的男孩;汤姆的一位朋友,用a。故选A。63、. — Look at _______ skirt. I bought it for Mother on Mothers’ Day, isn’t it nice? — Oh, what _______ nice present!A. a; a B. a; the C. the; a D. a; 不填答案:C 【解析】冠词的用法。特指这条裙子用冠词the; 感叹句中只能用不定冠词不能用定冠词。64、I really like ______ book you lent me yesterday. A. a B. an C. the D. 不填答案: C【解析】本题考查定冠词the的用法。the 在本句中表特指。故选C。65、. Fred plays _____ piano after _____ supper every day. A. the; the B. /; the C. the; /答案: C【解析】本题考查定冠词the的用法。凡是乐器前都要加,音乐music前面也加,如:play the music…. 但三餐及球类前面不能加the.故选C。66、. – Can I help you, sir? -- I’d like to have 100 _____. I want my students to draw pictures. A. piece of paper B. pieces of paper C. pieces of papers答案: B【解析】本题考查不可数名词的运用. paper是不可数名词,它没有复数形式,若表示数量,一般用a piece of短语表示,它的复数形式应体现在piece上。 paper是不可数名词,故排除C;答句意“我想要100张纸……”。100张纸中,量词piece应用复数形式,故排除A。正确答案是:B。\n67、. This novel can make you laugh and cry at _____ same time.A) a B) an C) the D) /答案:D【解析】考查点:冠词的用法。 解题思路:此处是考查固定短语at the same time意为“同时”,该句意为“这本小说能同时让你笑和哭”,故答案选D;68、We will see __________ even stronger China in __________ near future. A. a; the B. an; the C. the; a D. an; a答案:B【解析】in the near future“在不久的将来”是个固定搭配;even是以元音因素开头的词,故答案选B。 69、 We should often help _______poor.A. a B. 不填 C. the答案:C 【解析】 形容词前面加上the ,表示这一类人,句意是“我们应该经常帮助穷人”,故选C。70、. I usually go to school on ________foot. A a B. the C. / 答案:C【解析】冠词的用法。固定短语on foot“步行”,on与foot之间没有冠词,故答案为C。71、Yao Ming, NBA star, will continue matches this season.