初中2020-2021年完形填空和阅读理解知识点总结复习及练习测试题经典 15页

2020-2021年完形填空和阅读理解知识点总结复习及练习测试题经典一、完形填空1．阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。StevieWonderisanAmericanmusician,singer,songwriterandrecordproducer.Asachildprodigy（神童）,hebecameoneofthemostcreativeandpopular1performersofthelate20thcentury.Hebecameblindshortly2hisbirth.Americangolfer（高尔夫球手）TigerWoodsisa14-timemajorchampion.HewasborninCypress,California.Heis3asoneofthemostsuccessful4inhistory.Oneday,StevieWonderandTigerWoodswereinabar.StevieWondersaid,"5isthegolf?"Woodsreplied,"Nottoobad.Iusedtohavesomeproblemswithmyswing（挥杆动作）,6nowI'vegotwhatisright."StevieWondersaid,"I7findthatwhenmyswinggoeswrong,Ineedtostopplayingforawhileandnot8it.9,thenexttimeIplay,itseemstobeallright."TigerWoodssaid,"Youalsoplay10?"StevieWondersaid,"Oh,yes.I'vebeenplayingit11manyyears."Woodsasked,"Butyou're12!How13youplaygolf?"Wonderreplied."I14mycaddie（球童）tostandinthemiddleofthefairway（球道）andshouttome.Ihearhisvoiceandplaytowardshim.Then,whenIgettowheretheballlands,thecaddiemovestothegreenandagainIplaytheballtowardshisvoice."Woodsasked,"What'15handicap（障碍）?"Steviesaid,"Well,Ihavenohandicap.Let'playaroundsometime."Woodssaid,"OK,that'sagoodidea.Whenwouldyouliketoplay?"StevieWondersaid,"Pickanight!"1.A.mentalB.medicalC.musicalD.terrible2.A.throughB.beforeC.afterD.since3.A.forgottenB.rememberedC.consideredD.Played4.A.songwritersB.producersC.singersD.golfers5.A.HowB.WhatC.byD.Which6.A.andB.butC.soD.unless7.A.alwaysB.neverC.seldomD.hardly8.A.getoffB.comeoutC.dependonD.thinkabout9.A.LastB.FirstC.FinallyD.Then10.A.musicB.ballC.golfD.soccer11.A.sinceB.inC.forD.of12.A.deafB.blindC.lonelyD.romantic13.A.mayB.mustC.needD.can\n14.A.askB.makeC.haveD.let15.A.herB.myC.hisD.your【答案】（1）C；（2）C；（3）C；（4）D；（5）A；（6）B；（7）A；（8）D；（9）D；（10）C；（11）C；（12）B；（13）D；（14）A；（15）D；【解析】【分析】文章大意：TigerWoods询问StevieWonder是怎打高夫球的，并定一起玩一玩。（1）句意：作一个神童，他成20世末最具造力和最受迎的音表演者之一。A精神的；B医学的；C音的；D糟糕的。根据上文句StevieWonderisanAmericanmusician,singer,songwriterandrecordproducer.可知，StevieWonder是音表演家，故C。（2）句意：他出生不久就失明了。A通；B以前；。根据事，StevieWonder是出生以后失明的，故C以后；C。D自从。考的基本含（3）句意：他被是史上最成功的高夫球手之一。第一空格：A忘；B住；C看作；D玩。固定短beconsideredas，被看作，故C。第二空格：A歌曲作者；B生者；C歌手；D高夫球手。根据事可知，Woods是高夫球手，故D。（4）句意：StevieWonder：“高夫球打得怎么？”A怎，状况；B什么，事物；C通，介；D哪一个。根据下文中的句Woodsreplied,"Nottoobad.提示可知，的是状况，要用how引，故A。（5）句意：我以前在杆方面有一些，但在我找到了正确的方法。A和，表示并列；B但是，表示折；C因此，表示果，D除非，表示条件。根据前后两个句的含可知，表示折，故B。（6）句意：我是当我的杆出，我需要停止比，不要去想它。第一空格：A是；B从不；C很少；D几乎不。考程度副的基本含。根据句意可知此句需要的含是“是”，故A。第二空格：A下；B出来；C依靠；D考。考短的基本含，根据境可知，thinkabout符合境，故D。（7）句意：那么，下次我玩的候，就好像没事了。A最后，起初；C最后；D然后，那么。考副的含，根据境可知then符合句意，故D。（8）句意：老虎伍：“你也打高夫球？”A音；B球；C高夫球；D足球。根据上文句的含可知，旺德的是高夫球，故C。（9）句意：史蒂夫·旺德：“哦，是的。“我玩了很多年了，A自从，其后跟点；B在；C持，其后跟段；D⋯⋯的。考介的基本含。根据句中的manyyears可知，此空表示持了很多年，故C。（10）句意：你是个瞎子。A子；B瞎子；C孤独的；D浪漫的。根据事可知，旺德是个瞎子，故B。（11）句意：你怎打高夫球呢？A可以，表示求；B必，表示命令；C必要；D可以，表示能力。根据句的含可知，你怎打高夫球呢？是的能力，故D。（12）句意：我我的球童站在球道中央我喊叫。固定句型构asksb.todosth.，某人做某事，而let，make，have的后面只能跟原形，故A。（13）句意：伍：“你的障碍是什么？”A她的，B我的；C他的；D你的。根据境可\n知，这是伍兹为旺德的一句话，要用物主代词your，故选D。【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。2．阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出能填入相应空白处的最佳选项。Lighttravelsataveryfastspeed.Itisaboutamilliontimes1thanthespeedofsound.Youcangetsomeideaofthis2bywatchingthestartofarace.Ifyoustandsomedistanceawayfromthestarter,youcanseesmokefromhisgunbeforethesoundgetstoyour3.Thisgreatspeedoflight4somestrangefacts.Sunlight5about8minutestogettous.Ifyoulookatthelightofthemoontonight,6thatthelightrays（光线）leavethemoon1.3secondsbeforetheygettoyou.Theneareststarisso7awaythatthelightwhichyoucanseefromittonightstartedto8towardsyouseveralyearsago.Insomecases,thelightfromoneoftonight'sstarshadstartedonitsjourneytoyoubeforeyouwereborn.So,tobeexact,wecan'tsay,"Thestarsareshining9."Wehavetosayinstead,"Thestars10pretty.Theywereshiningseveralyearsago,buttheirlighthasonlyjustgottotheEarth."1.A.fasterB.widerC.better2.A.exchangeB.changeC.difference3.A.earsB.eyesC.legs4.A.getsB.producesC.creates5.A.takesB.spendsC.pays6.A.imagineB.continueC.remember7.A.farB.bigC.close8.A.getB.runC.travel9.A.tonightB.yesterdayC.tomorrow10.A.lookB.seeC.watch【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）A；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）A；（8）C；（9）A；（10）A；【解析】【分析】主要讲了光速亿非常快的速度传播。（1）句意：它的速度大约是音速的一百万倍。A.更快；B.更宽；C.更好。速度用快慢形容，所以用faster，故选A。（2）句意：你可以通过观看比赛的开始来了解这种不同。A.交换；B.改变；C.不同。观看比赛开始来了解光速和声速的不同，故选C。（3）句意：如果你离发令员有一段距离，你可以看到他的枪前的烟，然后传给你的耳朵。A.耳朵；B.眼睛；C.腿。根据常识可知比赛时会听到枪声，所以用耳朵听，故选A。（4）句意：这个光速产生一些奇怪的事实。A.得到；B.产生；C.创造。光速产生了一些事实，故选B。（5）句意：阳光花费大约8分钟到达我们。A.花费，主语是物；B.花费，主语是人；C.花\n费，主语是人。主语sunlight是物，所以用takes，故选A。（6）句意：如果你今晚看月光，记住光线在到达你之前，离开了月球继续；C.记住。记住月光到达我们之前已经离开月球1.3秒，故选C。1.3秒。A.想象；B.（7）句意：最近的星星是如此远以至于今晚看来自它的光几年前开始传播给你。的；B.大的；C.近的。几年前光就已经传播了，所以是远的，故选A。A.远（8）句意：最近的星星是如此远以至于今晚看来自它的光几年前开始传播给你。到；B.跑；C.旅行，传播。根据全文可知讲的是光线的传播速度，故选C。A.得（9）句意：今晚星星一直在闪。A.今晚；B.昨天；C.明天。根据前文可知看的是今晚的月光，故选A。（10）句意：星星看起来是漂亮的。A.看起来；B.看见；C.观看。pretty漂亮的，形容词，look是系动词，看起来，后面用形容词，故选A。【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。3．完形填空RecentlyIhavereadanothergreatbookbyMarkTwain.1nameisTheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.HuckFinnandTomSawyerarebestfriends.Theyhavehadsomanyadventures.2thisbooktellsaboutHuckandanotherfriendofhis,Jim.Huckliveswitharich3afterhefindsaboxofgoldwithTomSawyerinacave.4Huck'srealdadcomesandtakeshimawayfromthefamily.Huck'slifeinhisdad'scabin（小木屋）is5sohecutsaholeinthecabin.Thenhemanagestomakepeople6thatsomeonehaskilledhim.Huckrunsawaytoasmall7.Jimisonthatisland.Heisverysadbecausehethinksthathisownerwantsto8him.Thentheygoonadventurestogether.They9dieinthewheelsofahugepaddleboatandtheyliveonaraft（木筏）withtwofrauds（骗子）.Well,that's10Iwanttotellyouhere.It'sreallyagoodbook.IthaslotsofadventuresandTomSawyerwillshowup.1.A.HisB.ItsC.MyD.Your2.A.AndB.ButC.OrD.Then3.A.friendB.teacherC.familyD.relation4.A.SometimesB.SomedayC.UsuallyD.Oneday5.A.awfulB.happyC.easyD.free6.A.rememberB.forgetC.hopeD.believe7.A.cabinB.caveC.islandD.house8.A.sellB.buyC.killD.hurt9.A.actuallyB.mainlyC.hardlyD.almost10.A.bothB.noneC.allD.any【答案】（1）B；（2）B；（3）C；（4）D；（5）A；（6）D；（7）C；（8）A；（9）\nD；（10）C；【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者读了由马克吐温写的另一本著作《哈克贝利·芬恩历险记》。（1）句意：它的名字是《哈克贝利·芬恩历险记》。A.他的；B.它的；C.我的；D.你的。《哈克贝利·芬恩历险记》是一本书，所有用its，它的，故选B。（2）句意：但是这本书讲的是Hunk和另一个朋友Jim的故事。A.和；B.但是；C.或者；D.然后。根据HuckFinnandTomSawyerarebestfriends.可知Hunk和Tom是最好的朋友，但是这本书讲的不是他们的故事，而是Hunk和Jim的故事，前后句表示转折，所以用but，故选B。（3）句意：Hunk和TomSawyer在山洞里发现一箱子金子后和一个富裕的家人住在一起。A.朋友；B.老师；C.家人；D.关系。发现金子后和富人住在一起，故选C。（4）句意：一天Hunk真正的爸爸来了，把他从那家带走了。A.有时；B.某一天；C.通常；D.一天。Hunk和富人住在一起，一天，Hunk真正的爸爸回来把他带走了，故选D。（5）句意：Hunk在爸爸小木屋的生活是可怕的，所以他在小房子里割了一个洞。A.可怕的；B.高兴的；C.简单的；D.自由的。根据后文someonehaskilledhim某人想杀死他，所以生活是可怕的，故选A。（6）句意：然后他成功让人相信your已经杀死了他。A.记住；B.忘记；C.希望；D.相信。Hunk在爸爸的小屋子里割了了洞目的是让他人相信y有人想杀死他，故选D。（7）句意：Hunk逃跑到一个小岛上。A.小屋；B.洞；C.岛屿；D.房子。根据Jimisonthatisland.Jim在那个岛上，可知Hunk逃到了小岛上，故选C。（8）句意：他是非常难过的，因为他认为他的主人想卖了他。A.卖；B.买；C.杀死；D.伤害。主人想把Jim卖了，故选A。（9）句意：他们差点死在一艘巨大的划艇的轮子里，和两个骗子住在一个木筏上。A.事实上；B.主要地；C.几乎不；D.几乎，差点。根据Thentheygoonadventurestogether.他们一起探险，所以是几乎差点死了，故选D。（10）句意：那是在这我想告诉你的所有。A.两者都；B.没有；C.所有，指的是三者或者三者以上；D.任何。告诉你的所以事情，故选C。【点评】考查完形填空，首先通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行区别，选出正确的那一项。4．完形填空PhilipisthebravestboyIknow.Hisfriendsandfamilyareallvery1him.Ten-year-oldPhilipwasbornwithan2whichmeansthatheisalwaysbreakinghisbones（骨头）.Althoughhehassuchaseriousillness,Philip3playingsports.InJanuarylastyearhe4wheelchairracing.Hecamesecondinhisfirst5,andsincethenPhiliphaswoneveryotherrace!Inordertolookforanewchallenge（挑战），Philip6totakepartintheLondonWheelchairMarathon（马拉松）.7,fivedaysbeforetheracePhilipgotsick.Hedidn'twantto8.Hefinallymadeuphismindtotakepart.Philipwasgivenmedicinebyhis\ndoctorandguesswhat?Henotonly9it,buthealsogotthefirstplace!Philipisvery10andnevergivesup.That'swhyhehasbeenchosentobetheBravestChildoftheMonth.1.A.strictwithB.afraidofC.angrywithD.proudof2.A.effortB.abilityC.illnessD.interest3.A.mindsB.avoidsC.lovesD.stops4.A.watchedB.heldC.canceledD.started5.A.journeyB.raceC.classD.interview6.A.decidedB.hatedC.failedD.regretted7.A.InsteadB.HoweverC.AlsoD.First8.A.gooutB.sitdownC.setoffD.giveup9.A.refusedB.leftC.finishedD.invented10.A.braveB.honestC.politeD.fair【答案】（1）D；（2）C；（3）C；（4）D；（5）B；（6）A；（7）B；（8）D；（9）C；（10）A；【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了一个叫Philip的残疾男孩，身残志不残，参加轮椅马拉松的故事。（1）句意：Philip是我认识的最勇敢的男孩。他的朋友和家人都为他感到自豪。根据前句可知大家都为他感到自豪，beproudof·:对·感到自豪，故选D。（2）句意：十岁的Philip天生一种病，它意味着他总是摔断骨头。定语从句whichmeansthatheisalwaysbreakinghisbones.可知这是一种病，以及后文的illness,故选C。（3）句意：尽管他有这样严重的病，Philip喜欢进行体育锻炼。根据后文可知他喜欢体育锻炼，love：喜欢，故选C。（4）句意：去年一月，他开始了轮椅赛跑。start：开始，故选D。（5）句意：在他的第一次赛跑中，他得了第二名，根据前文wheelchairracing,可知答案，故选B。（6）句意：为了寻找一处新的挑战，Philip决定参加伦敦轮椅马拉松。decidetodosth.决定做某事，故选A。（7）句意：然而，比赛前五天Philip生病了。这句和前句是转折关系，however：然后，故选B。（8）句意：他不想放弃。giveup:放弃，故选D。（9）句意：他不仅完成了它，而且也得了一等奖。finish：完成，故选C。（10）句意：Philip非常勇敢，从来不放弃。根据文中第一句话可知答案，勇敢的：brave，故选A。【点评】此题考查词汇短语句式等在语境中的运用，首先通读全文，掌握大意，然后根据语境、语法、上下文、逻辑推理斟酌字句选出正确答案，最后通读全文，确保通顺、完整。\n5．完形填空Twomen,MrSmithandMrMartinwerebothbadlyill.Theywereinthesame1room.MrSmithwasabletositupinhisbedforanhoureachafternoon.Hisbedwas2theonlywindowoftheroom.MrMartinhadtospendallhistimelyingonhisback.Themen3forhourswithoutstopping.Theyspokeoftheirfamilies,theirtimes,theirjobs...AndeveryafternoonwhenMrSmithcould4inhisbed,hewouldpassthetimebytalkingtohis5aboutallthethingsthathecouldseeoutsidethe6MrMartinbelievedthathisworldwasmade"larger""bythe"colorful"7world.Outofthewindowwasa8withalovelylake.MrSmithtoldMrMartinaboutthebeautifulducksswimmingfreelyonthewater,happychildrenplayingaround,colorfulflowersandbigoldtressaroundthelake.AsMrSmithtoldhimallthis,MrMartinwouldclosehiseyesandtriedtomaketherichestpicturesfor9inhismind...Daysand10passed,andfinally,MrSmithwentbackhome.ThenMrMartin11thenurseifhecouldmovetotheotherbed12forhim,thenursesaidhecould.Wheneverythingwasdone,hetriedhardtoraisehimselfabittoseewhatwasoutside.Tohis13ashelookedoutofthewindow,hesawnothingbutawall.'MrMartinaskedthenursewhatmadeMrSmithabletoseesomanywonderfulthingsoutside.The14answeredthatthemanwas15andcouldnotevenseethewall.1.A.trainingB.meetingC.hotelD.hospital2.A.outofB.nexttoC.awayfromD.wellabove3.A.dancedB.sangC.walkedD.talked4.A.situpB.walkaroundC.standupD.jumpabout5.A.schoolmateB.desk-mateC.roommateD.workmate6.A.boxB.doorC.windowD.bed7.A.foreignB.outsideC.lonelyD.green8.A.libraryB.marketC.parkD.church9.A.itselfB.yourselfC.herselfD.himself10.A.weeksB.hoursC.minutesD.seconds11.A.askedB.thankedC.toldD.invited12.A.UnluckilyB.HappilyC.WorriedlyD.Seriously13.A.happinessB.joyC.hopeD.surprise14.A.patientB.doctorC.nurseD.friend15.A.blindB.oldC.poorD.ill【答案】（1）D；（2）B；（3）D；（4）A；（5）C；（6）C；（7）C；（8）B；（9）C；（10）D；（11）A；（12）B；（13）D；（14）C；（15）A；【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了史密斯先生和马丁先生住在一间病房，每天史密斯先生\n会丁先生描述外面的景，最后丁先生史密斯先生是个盲人的故事。（1）句意：他在同一医院房。根据上文Twomen,MrSmithandMrMartinwerebothbadlyill，两个男人，史密斯先生和丁先生都是重生病的，可知下文是在同一医院的房，即病房，hospital医院，故D。（2）句意：他的床在房唯一一个窗的旁。根据第四段MrSmithtoldMrMartinaboutthebeautifulducksswimmingfreelyonthewater,happychildrenplayingaround,colorfulflowersandbigoldtressaroundthelake，史密斯先生告丁先生关于在水上自由自在游泳的子、快玩耍的孩子、河五六色的花和老，可知他的床在窗旁，nextto在旁，，故B。（3）句意：两个人了好几个小，没有停下来。根据下文Theyspokeoftheirfamilies,theirtimes,theirjobs...他到了他的家人、他的代和他的工作，可知上文是他在，talk，故D。（4）句意：每天下午史密斯先生能在床上坐起来的候。根据inhisbed在他的床上，可知是坐起来，situp坐起来，故A。（5）句意：他会通和他的室友所有他能在窗外看到的西来度。根据第四段MrSmithtoldMrMartinabout⋯史密斯先生告丁先生⋯⋯，可知他是告同一病房的丁先生，两人是室友，roommate室友，故C。（6）句意：他会通和他的室友所有他能在窗外看到的西来度。根据第一段Hisbedwasnexttotheonlywindowoftheroom，他的床在房唯一一个窗旁，可知此是看到窗外面的事情，window窗，故C。（7）句意：丁先生相信他的世界是由多彩的外面的世界而得“更大”了。根据上文aboutallthethingsthathecouldseeoutsidethewindow，关于所有能看到的窗外的事情，可知他能看到的是外面的世界，outside，外面，故B。（8）句意：窗外是个有一个可的湖的公园。根据alovelylake一个可的湖，可知是公园，park，公园，故C。（9）句意：当史密斯先生在告他的候，丁先生会上眼睛并且尽量在海里自己制作出最丰富的画面。根据主MrMartin丁先生，可知是他自己，himself他自己，故D。（10）句意：几天几星期去了，最后史密斯先生回家了。根据序可知接下来是几星期，weeks几星期，故A。Days几天，按照（11）句意：然后丁先生士他能否搬到另一床上。根据ifhecouldmovetotheotherbed，他能否搬到另一床上，可知是，（12）句意：他来很开心，士他可以。根据ask，，故A。thenursesaidhecould，士他可以，可知他的心情是开心的，happily开心地，故B。（13）句意：他惊的是，当他看向窗外，除了一面他什么也看不到。根据hesawnothingbutawall，除了一面他什么也看不到，可知他是惊的，人惊的是，固定搭配，故D。toone'ssurprise，令某（14）句意：士回答个人是失明的并且他甚至也看不到。根据上文MrMartinaskedthenurse，史密斯先生士，可知此是士回答，nurse士，故C。\n（15）句意：护士回答这个人是失明的并且他甚至连墙也看不到。根据couldnotevenseethewall，甚至连墙也看不到，可知这个人是失明的，blind失明的，故选A。【点评】考查完形填空，注意通读全文，通过联系上下文来进行选择。二、阅读理解6．阅读理解"Withoutmusic,lifewouldbeamistake,"famousGermanphilosopher（哲学家）FriedrichNietzschesaidoveracenturyago.Musicisabigpartofourlives.Butinrecentyears,someAmericanschoolshavecutmusicclassestocontrolbudgets（预算）.Forexample,Chicagopublicschoolshurtartseducationwhenitfiredover1,000teachers.Amongthem,10percentoftheteacherstaughtartormusic,accordingtoTheWashingtonTimes.Infact,thisisnotjustaproblemintheUS.Inothercountries,suchasChinaandtheUK,musicclassesarenotthoughttobeasimportantasoneslikescience,mathandhistory.That'spartlybecausemusicisnotseenasaveryimportantlifeskill,anditisn'ttested.Manystudentsarebusywithschoolwork,soparentsandstudentschoosetofocusonsubjectsthataretestedmoreoften.However,learningmusicisbeneficial（有益的）inmanyways.Whenplayingmusic,youneeddifferentabilitiestoworktogether.Itisnotassimpleasitlooks,accordingtoKennethK.GuilmartinofMusicTogether,anearlychildhoodmusicdevelopmentprogram.Forexample,whenplayingthepiano,peopleseemusicnotesanddecode（解码）themintheirbrains.Theyalsousetheirfingerstomakesounds.Youneedtodealwithallthesethingsatthesametime.Musichasaspecialconnectionwithscienceaswell.Youcanseethatmanyscientistsaregoodatplayingmusic：EinsteinplayedtheviolinandGermanphysicistMaxPlanckwastalentedinplayingthepiano.（1）SomeschoolsintheUScutmusicclasses,because____.A.theyweretoodifficulttolearnB.studentsintheUSweren'tinterestedinmusicC.theschoolswantedtocontrolbudgetsD.thereweren'tenoughmusicteachersintheUS（2）InParagraph2,whatdoestheunderlinedword"them"referto（指代）?A.StudentsinChicago.B.Publicschools.C.ParentsinChicago.D.Firedteachers.（3）Howmanyscientistswhoaregoodatplayingmusicarementionedinthispassage?A.One.B.Two.C.Three.D.Four.（4）What'sthewriter'sopinionaccordingtothispassage?A.Musicisassimpleasitlooks.B.Musicclassesshouldbecutinsomeschools.C.Musicisabigpartofourlives.D.Musicisn'taveryimportantlifeskillforus.【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】本文介绍了很多地区削减了音乐课以控制预算，这是不合适的，因为音乐在许多方面都是有益的。\n（1）。根据someAmericanschoolshavecutmusicclassestocontrolbudgets可知美国的一些学校停，因学校想控制算，故C。（2）猜。根据Chicagopublicschoolshurtartseducationwhenitfiredover1,000teachers...10percentoftheteacherstaughtartormusic芝加哥公立学校解雇了1000多名教⋯⋯10%的教教授或音，可知them指代被解雇的教，故D。（3）。根据EinsteinplayedtheviolinandGermanphysicistMaxPlanckwastalentedinplayingthepiano因斯坦拉小提琴，德国物理学家克斯·普朗克擅琴可知文章提到了2名擅演奏音的科学家，故B。（4）推理。根据Musichasaspecialconnectionwithscienceaswell音也与科学有着特殊的系可知作者的点是音是我生活的一大部分，故C。【点】考理解。本文涉及、推断，猜，要注意从文中找答案；推断需要系上下文，推断出需要的信息，猜需要根据上下文提相关信息定意。7．理解Iliveonthetwelfthfloorofabuilding.OneafternoonIwascominghomefromafriend'shouse.Itwasjustafterfouro'clock.IgotquicklyintotheliftandpressedButton（按）13.Theliftstartedtogoup,butveryslowly.Andthen,halfwayup,itsuddenlystoppedbetweentwofloors.Icouldn'tunderstandit.Ipressedallthebuttonsfrom1to14.Icalledforhelpveryloudly.Butnobodyanswered.Thensuddenlythelightswentout,andIwasaloneinthedark.Istartedtocryandbeatthewallsofthelift.IcriedandcrieduntilIhadnovoiceleft.Then,Ifelthopeless,andpressedallthebuttonswithmyhands.Andatthesametime,therewasabellfaraway.Itrangandrang.Itwasthefirealarm.Ithoughtthewholebuildingwasonfire.IsaidtoGodquietly,"Justgetmeoutofhere.I'llneverbebadagain."Justthen,Irealizedtheliftwasmovingveryslowly.Onthegroundflooritstopped,andthedooropened.Amanwasstandingthere."Howlonghaveyoubeenthere?Itisgoodthatyoupressedthealarmbell.Buthaven'tyoulearnedtoreadatyourschool?"Hepointedatasmallpieceofpaperonthewallbesidethelift.Itsaid:"Attention:Thisliftwillbestoppedforrepairsbetween4p.m.and5p.m.onThursday,March13."（1）Whathappenedtothelift?A.Ithadafireaccident.B.Itstoppedhalfway.C.Itwasturnedoffbythewriter.D.Itmovedfastuptothetopfloor.（2）Asthesituationwenton,thewriterbecame.A.moreandmorescaredB.calmerandcalmerC.moreandmoreboredD.clearerandclearer（3）Whydidabellringfromfaraway?A.Theliftwastostartagain.B.Therepairworkerrangthefirealarm.C.Thebuildingwasonfire.D.Thewriterpressedthefirealarmbell.\n（4）Whomostprobablymadetheliftmoveagainandgodowntothegroundfloor?A.Thewriter.B.Thewriter'sfriend.C.Theman.D.Thewriter'sfather.【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）D（4）C【解析】【分析】主要讲了作者从朋友家里回家时遇见电梯因为修理不能使用，作者起初不知道，最终被困电梯。（1）细节题。根据Andthen,halfwayup,itsuddenlystoppedbetweentwofloors.可知电梯上到半路就停止了，故选B。（2）细节题。根据IcriedandcrieduntilIhadnovoiceleft.Then,Ifelthopeless可知作者喊叫直到没有声音，作者感到无望的，所以作者感到越来越害怕，故选A。（3）细节题。根据Andatthesametime,therewasabellfaraway.Itrangandrang.Itwasthefirealarm.可知作者按到了火灾报警器，故选D。（4）细节题。根据Onthegroundflooritstopped,andthedooropened.Amanwasstandingthere.可知男士最有可能让电梯再次移动，故选C。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。8．阅读理解InBritain.BoxingDayisusuallycelebratedonDecember26th,whichisthefollowingdayafterChristmasDay.However,strictlyspeaking,BoxingDayisthefirstweekdayafterChristmas.LikeChristmasDay,BoxingDayisapublicholiday.Thismeansit'sanon-workingdayinthewholeofBritain.WhenBoxingDayfallsonaSaturdayorSunday,thefollowingMondayisthepublicholiday.Theexactorigin（起源）oftheholidayisunclear.OneofthethoughtsisthatduringtheMiddleAges,whengreatsailingshipsweresettingofftodiscovernewland,aChristmasBoxwasplacedbyapriest（神父）oneachship.Thosesailorswhowantedtoensureasafereturnwoulddropmoneyintothebox.Itwassealedupandkeptonboarduntiltheshipcamehomesafely.Thentheboxwashandedovertothepriestinexchangeforthesayingofamassofthanksforthesuccessofthesailing.Thepriestwouldn'topenittosharethecontentswiththepooruntilChristmas.Onemorethoughtisaboutthe"AlmsBox"placedineverychurchonChristmasDay.Worshippers（做礼拜的人）putgiftsforthepoorintoit.Theseboxeswerealwaysopenedthe\ndayafterChristmas.ThatiswhythatdaybecameknownasBoxingDay.Today,manybusinesses,organizationsandfamiliestrytokeepthetraditionalspiritofBoxingDayalivebydonating（捐赠）theirtime,servicesandmoneytoaidFoodBanks,providinggiftsforthepoor,orhelpingfamiliesinneed.Besides,spendingtimewithfamilyandshoppingarepopularBoxingDayactivitiesnow.（1）IfChristmasDayisonaSaturday,BoxingDaywillbecelebratedon____________.A.December25thB.December26thC.December27thD.December28th（2）SailorsdroppedmoneyintotheChristmasBoxinorderto____________.A.savethepoorB.payforthepriestC.discovernewlandD.prayforsailingsafety（3）Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“sealedup"meaninChinese?A.密封B悬.挂C归.还D传.递（4）Thepurposeofthepassageis____________.A.topraisethekindnessofpriestsB.tointroducetheoriginsofBoxingDayC.tocallonpeopletohelpthepoorD.tocompareBoxingDaywithChristmasDay【答案】（1）C（2）D（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：在英国。节礼日通常在12月26日举行，这是圣诞节后的第二天。但是，严格来说，节礼日是圣诞节后的第一个工作日。像圣诞节一样，节礼日也是一个公共假日。这意味着这是整个英国的非工作日。当节礼日是星期六或星期日时，下一个星期一是公共假日。（1）细节理解题，根据WhenBoxingDayfallsonaSaturdayorSunday,thefollowingMondayisthepublicholiday.可知，如果圣诞节在星期六，节礼日就在星期一，也就是十二月二十七日，故答案是C。（2）细节理解题，根据Thosesailorswhowantedtoensureasafereturnwoulddropmoneyintothebox.可知水手往节礼箱里方硬币是为了祈求航行安全，故答案是D。（3）词义猜测题，根据Thepriestwouldn'topenittosharethecontentswiththepooruntilChristmas.可知回来之后让神父打开箱子，可知之前箱子被密封了，故答案是A。（4）主旨大意题，根据文章介绍了节礼日的起源，故答案是B。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；词义猜测题，需要根据单词所在的语境，进行合理想象，确定单词的意思；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。9．阅读理解Almostallculturescelebratetheendofoneyearandthebeginningofanotherinsomeways.Differentculturescelebratethebeginningofanewyearindifferentways,andatdifferenttimesonthecalendar.InWesterncountries,peopleusuallycelebrateNewYearfrommidnightonDecember31sttoJanuary1st,Peoplemaygotoparties,sometimesdressedinformal（正式的）clothes,andthey\nmaydrinkchampagne（香槟）atmidnight.Duringthefirstminuteofthenewyear,peoplecheerandwisheachotherhappinessfortheyearahead,Butsomeculturesprefertocelebratethenewyearbywakingupearlytowatchthesunrise.Theywelcomethenewyearwiththefirstlightofthesunrise.Manyculturesalsodospecialthingstogetridof（摆脱）badluckatthebeginningofanewyear.Forexample,inEcuador,familiesmakeabigdollfromoldclothes,Thedollisfilledwitholdnewspapersandfirecrackers.Atmidnight,thesedollsareburnedtoshowthebadthingsfromthepastyeararegoneandthenewyearcanstartafresh（重新）.Othercommontraditionstokeepawaybadluckinanewyearincludethrowingthingsintoriversortheocean,orsayingspecialthingsonthefirstdayofthenewyear.OtherNewYeartraditionsarefollowedtobringgoodluckinthenewyear.OnewidespreadSpanishtraditionforgoodluckistoeatgrapesonNewYear'sDay.Themoregrapesapersoneats,themoregoodluckhewillhaveinthenewyear.InFrance,peopleeatpancakesforgoodluckonNewYear'sDay.IntheUnitedStates,somepeopleeatblack-eyedpeasforgoodluck-buttogetgoodluckforawholeyear,youhavetoeat365ofthem!（1）Thepassageismainlyabout____________.A.themeaningof"HappyNewYear!B.severaldifferentNewYeartraditionsC.whattoeatonNewYear'sDayD.whypeopledressupnicelyonNewYear'sDay（2）It'sclearthat____________.（3）Tohaveahappynewyear,____________.（4）Wheneatingblack-eyedpeasonNewYear'sDay,peoplethink____________.A.onepeabringsonedayofluckB.black-eyedpeasarethebestmedicineC.thepeasaretooblackandtastebadD.thepeasarehelpfultocountnumbers【答案】（1）B（2）A（3）C（4）A【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章介绍了西方国家不同的庆祝新年的方式，（1）主旨大意题，通过阅读全文可知，短文主要介绍了不同国家不同的新年庆祝方式，故答案是B。（2）细节理解题，根据Butsomeculturesprefertocelebratethenewyearbywakingupearlytowatchthesunrise.可知，一些国家喜欢在早晨庆祝新年，故答案是A。（3）细节理解题，根据Butsomeculturesprefertocelebratethenewyearbywaking\nupearlytowatchthesunrise.Theywelcomethenewyearwiththefirstlightofthesunrise.可知，为了过一个快乐的新年，人们要早起看日出，故答案是C。（4）细节理解题，根据IntheUnitedStates,somepeopleeatblack-eyedpeasforgoodluck-buttogetgoodluckforawholeyear,youhavetoeat365ofthem!可知人们认为吃一颗黑豆会带来一天的好运，故答案是A。【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题要可以直接从文中寻找答案；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。10．阅读理解Ibelievethatwecanhaveanimportanteffectonanyonewemeet.Therightwordsatjusttherighttimecouldchangesomeone'slife.WhenIwasthreeyearsold,myparentsdiscoveredIwasdeaf.Afteraskingmanydoctorsandparentsofotherdeafchildren,theydecidedtoputmeinanormalschool.Onmyfirstdayintheschool,theotherkidsmadefunofmebecauseofmyhearingaid.AndthenIsawmyselfasanuglykid.Mrs.Jordan,myteacherchangedallofthatwithasimplethree-wordphrase.Onemorning,sheaskedtheclassaquestion.Ireadherlips（嘴唇）andraisedmyhandrightaway.Shecalledme.ItookadeepbreathandnervouslyansweredMrs.Jordan'squestion.Iwillneverforgetwhathappenednext.Mrs.Jordanpointeddirectlyatme.Withabigsmileshecried,"That'sright,Stephen!"Forthefirsttimeinmyyounglife,myconfidencesoared（剧增）.Atthatmoment,IdecidedthatnomatterhowmanydifficultiesImayface,Icanovercome（克服）them.Justfromthosethreesimplewords,mylifechangedfromthatmoment.WhenIwasthreeyearsold,myparentsdiscoveredIwasdeaf.Afteraskingmanydoctorsandparentsofotherdeafchildren,theydecidedtoputmeinanormalschool.Onmyfirstdayintheschool,theotherkidsmadefunofmebecauseofmyhearingaid.AndthenIsawmyselfasanuglykid.Mrs.Jordan,myteacherchangedallofthatwithasimplethree-wordphrase.Onemorning,sheaskedtheclassaquestion.Ireadherlips（嘴唇）andraisedmyhandrightaway.Shecalledme.ItookadeepbreathandnervouslyansweredMrs.Jordan'squestion.Iwillneverforgetwhathappenednext.Mrs.Jordanpointeddirectlyatme.Withabigsmileshecried,"That'sright,Stephen!"Forthefirsttimeinmyyounglife,myconfidencesoared（剧增）.Atthatmoment,IdecidedthatnomatterhowmanydifficultiesImayface,Icanovercome（克服）them.Justfromthosethreesimplewords,mylifechangedfromthatmoment.（1）Thewriterfeltwhenheansweredthequestion.A.excitedB.happyC.afraidD.nervous（2）WhatisTRUEaboutthewriter?A.Heoftenmadefunofhisclassmates.B.Hedidn'thaveconfidenceinhimself.C.Hewasoutgoingandcouldlearnquickly.D.Hegotalongverywellwithhisclassmates.\n（3）Whatdidthewriterwanttotellusinthestory?（4）Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?C.TheWordsThatChangedMyLifeD.TheDeafBoyHasaGoodChance【答案】（1）D（2）B（3）B（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：一个不自信的听力障碍孩子，因为老师的一句话改变了她的生活。（1）细节理解题，根据ItookadeepbreathandnervouslyansweredMrs.Jordan'squestion.可知，当作者回答问题的时候很紧张。故答案是D。（2）逻辑推理题，根据Forthefirsttimeinmyyounglife,myconfidencesoared（剧增）可知，作者第一次增加了自信。可知原来是没有自信的。故答案是B。（3）细节理解题，根据Therightwordsatjusttherighttimecouldchangesomeone'slife.可知，作者想告诉我们的是，正确的时间正确的语言可以改变一个人的生活。故答案是B。（4）标题判断题，文章主要讲述老师的一句话对作者的改变。故答案是C。【点评】考查阅读理解，本题涉及到了细节理解题，标题判断题，逻辑推理题三种题型，细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，标题判断需要充分理解文章的意思，提炼中心，凝练句式得到正确答案。逻辑推理题则需要根据关键句进行科学严谨的推理得出正确答案。