初中2020-2021年完形填空和阅读理解章节知识点总结及练习测试题(word) 16页

2020-2021年完形填空和阅读理解章节知识点总结及练习测试题（word）一、完形填空1．完形填空Ihavehadthepleasureofmeetingafewneighbors.Theyseemtobequitekindpeople.ForChristmas,IthoughtIwoulddosomethingniceforeachoftheneighborsthatIknew.Isatdownandcounted.Therewerenineneighbors,andIalsoknewwhichhousestheylived1.However,Idecidedtoaddonemorepersontomylist,theladyImeteverymorningwalkingtoworkwhenIdrovedownthestreet.Shealwaysgavemeasweetsmileandafriendlywave（手）,2Ihadnoideaaboutheraddress.Mygiftideawastomakesmall3basketsandleavethemoneachofmyneighbor'sfrontporches（廊）thenightofChristmasEve.IkeptthelastoneforthefriendlyladybecauseIwasstillnotsureaboutwhereshelived.Itwas4thehousedownaboutwhereImethereachmorning.FinallyIdecidedtoputitthere.Myneighborsreallyenjoyedthebasketsandacoupleevencamebytothankme.ThismorningIgotaThankyoucard.Thecardsaid,“ThankyouforthoselovelyapplesandstrawberriesyouleftontheporchofThomas.He5onJanuary19,butheneverstopped6abouthowniceitwasthathewasrememberedinhistimeofillness.Hereallyenjoyedit.”Iwasvery7.Whyhesentacardtome?Ihadnoidea8Thomaswasorthathehadbeenseriouslyill.Ihadleftthatnicelady'sbasketonThomas'porchbyaccident.IbelieveThomasneverexpectedtohavethatbasket.Ifeelsorrythattheniceladydidn'tgetabasketfromme,butIbelieveifsheknewwhathadhappened,shewould9me.IfeelluckytohavehelpedThomasbemorecheerfulinhislastdays.Thisjustmakesmefurtherbelievethatsometimes10inlifearebeautiful.1.A./B.toC.withD.in2.A.butB.soC.unlessD.because3.A.flowerB.FoodC.vegetableD.fruit4.A.clearlyB.maybeC.certainlyD.sure5.A.deadB.hasbeendeadC.diedD.hasdied6.A.talkB.talkedC.totalkD.talking7.A.nervousB.surprisedC.relaxedD.Excited8.A.whereB.whenC.whatD.Who9.A.understandB.punishC.stopD.tell10.A.giftsB.mistakesC.problemsD.questions【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）D；（4）B；（5）C；（6）D；（7）B；（8）D；（9）A；（10）B；【解析】【分析】本文述一个美的的故事。（1）句意：有9个居，我也知道他住在那个房子里。短：livein住在⋯⋯里面。故答\n案为D。（2）句意：她经常给我一个甜蜜的微笑和友好的挥手，但是我不知道她的地址。A、but但是；B、so所以；C、unless除非；D、because因为，故答案为A。（3）句意：我的礼物是做一个小的果篮，在圣诞前夕放在邻居家的前门廊上。A、flower花儿；B、Food食物；C、vegetable蔬菜；D、fruit水果。根据下文applesandstrawberries可知，故答案为D。（4）句意：那也许在我每天早上见到她的那个地方。A、clearly清楚地；B、maybe也许；C、certainly肯定；D、sure确信。根据句意，故答案为B。（5）句意：他在一月19日去世的。根据时间状语可知用一般过去时，故答案为C。（6）句意：但是他从不停止谈论在他生病期间是多么的好。stopdoing停止做某事，故答案为D。（7）句意：我非常惊讶，为什么他给我送一张卡片？A、nervous紧张的；B、surprised惊讶的；C、relaxed放松的；D、Excited兴奋的。根据后一句可知，故答案为B。（8）句意：我不知道托马斯是谁，也不知道他患了重病。A、where何地。B、when何时；C、what什么。D、Who谁。根据句意可知用who。故答案为D。（9）句意：但是我相信如果她知道发生了什么事，她会理解我的。A、understand理解；B、punish出版；C、stop停止；D、tell告诉。根据句意，故答案为A。（10）句意：这只是让我进一步相信有时候生活中错误是美好的。A、gifts礼物；B、mistakes错误。C、problems问题；D、questions问题。根据上文可知，故答案为B。【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。2．完形填空Studentsarealwaysaskedtodomuchhomework.Haveyoureadthefollowingpassage?You'dbetternotworkwhenyouareveryhungry.Ifyou1yourhomeworkrightafterschool,youmayhaveasnackbeforegettingtowork.Alwaysdoyourhomework2yougettired.3waituntilverylateintheevening,orthehomeworkwillseemmuch4thanitreallyis.Breakyourtimeintomanageable（易处理的）periods.Ifyouhavemorethan5,giveyourselfabreakafteranhour.Butdon'tbreakitup6thatyoucan'tgetanythingdone.Youshouldbeabletoworkatleasthalfanhouratatime7.Don'tputitoffuntilthelast8.Ifyouputoffdoingyourhomework,youwillalwaysthinkofit,andyouwon'tenjoyyour9somuch.Ifyouputitoffuntiltheendoftheweekoruntilrightbeforeatest,youwillhavetoomuchworktodofortheexam.Alittlebiteachnight,enoughtokeepupwithwhatishappeningeachdayinschool,willtakethefearoutoftestsandkeepyouontopofitall.Doyourhomework10everyday.Thiswillhelpyoumakeitahabit.Itwillmakeiteasiertodo,anditwillmakefreetimemoreenjoyableaswell.1.A.decidetodoB.decideddoingC.havedone\n2.A.afterB.whenC.before3.A.NotB.PleaseC.Don't4.A.harderB.hardC.easy5.A.onehourworkB.anhourworkC.anhour'swork6.A.somuchB.solittleC.sooften7.A.withastopB.withoutstoppingC.stopping8.A.weekB.hourC.minute9.A.lunchB.freetimeC.meals10.A.atatimeB.inashorttimeC.atthesametime【答案】（1）A；（2）C；（3）C；（4）A；（5）C；（6）C；（7）B；（8）C；（9）B；（10）C；【解析】【分析】文章大意：每个人放学后都会有多作，但是不要放学后上做作，吃点点心，否会感到，再就是做作的候要合理地分配你的，每次做作的不要超一个小，你就不会感到疲倦，养成好的做作的。既能学得好又能享受你的余。（1）句意：如果你放学后上做作，开始工作前吃点点心。决定做某事decidetodosth.固定搭配，havedone不符合情景，故答案是A。（2）句意：是要在你疲之前做作。A.在⋯⋯之后；B.当⋯⋯候；C.在⋯⋯之前根据前文的叙述，做作之前吃点点心的目的是了避免疲，所以要在疲之前做作，累了就就不要再做了，故答案是C。（3）句意：晚上不要等得太久。句子否定祈使句，豆丁祈使句以don't开，故答案是C。（4）句意：否者作将会似乎比本身更。根据than可知使用比，故答案是A。（5）句意：如果你有一个多小的工作，一个小后你个休息的。ABC一个小的工作，一个小使用名所有格形式，故答案是C。（6）句意：但不要常把它拆散，你什么都做不到。often常，much多，little几乎没有，根据境可知不要常去分解你的工作，故答案是C。（7）句意：你一次做少半小不停止。根据文章内容可知每次做作的至少半个小，中不能停止，故答案是B。（8）句意：不要把作推到最后一分才去做。A.周；B.小；C.分，根据后文的叙述可知，如果你把作推了你会是想着它，所以不要推到最后才做作。故答案是C。（9）句意：你就不能很好地享受你的余。A.午；B.余；C.餐，根据前文的叙述不要把作推到最后才做是了能充分享受自己的余，故答案是B。（10）句意：每天要在同一个做作。A.一次；B.在很短的；C.在同一，根据Thiswillhelpyoumakeitahabit.可知了养成，要每天在同的段做作，故答案是C。【点】考在篇章中的运用能力，答首先要跳空格通文章掌握其大意，然后文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考句型、法、搭配、境等因素。最后通一遍\n检查验证。3．阅读短文，从下面每小题的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案。FutureofSoccerThissummer,FrenchsoccerplayerKylianMbappeamazedtheworld.He"flew"acrossthe1,scoringgoalaftergoal,andhelpedtheFrenchteambecometheworldchampion（冠军）inthe2018WorldCup.Hislatestachievementisalsosurprising.OnOct14,Mbappescoredfourgoalsin13minutes,whichhelpedhisteam2thegame.Thenthe19-year-oldrisingsuperstarmadethecoverofTimemagazine.ItsaysMbappeisthefutureofsoccer.Asastriker（前锋）,Mbappewasonce3toThierry.Henry,anotherfamousFrenchsoccerplayer."HeistheguywhoislikeThierrywas,candribble（运球）,can4andshoot,"saidArseneWenger,themanagerofMbappe'steam.5Mbappehasrisentofameatayoungage,hestilltriestostaycalm.AftertheWorldCup,thefamousclubRealMadridinvitedhimtojoin,buthe6."IknowwhereIcomefrom,"hesaidand7someadvicethathisfathergavehim.Mbappe8inthesmallFrenchtownofBony.Hisfather,asoccercoach,foundhewasquite9,andstartedtotrainhisson.Knowinghowhardlifecanbe,Mbappedonatedallthemoneyheearned（挣得的）fromtheWorldCuptocharity（慈善机构）."Ithinkitisimportanttohelpthosewhoarein10"hetoldYahoo!News.1.A.raceB.fieldC.stage2.A.beatB.defeatC.win3.A.comparedB.attractedC.made4.A.swimB.shoutC.pass5.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.Even6.A.answeredB.refusedC.accepted7.A.followedB.forgotC.found8.A.broughtupB.grewupC.setup9.A.talentedB.warm-heartedC.brave10.A.loveB.orderC.need【答案】（1）B；（2）C；（3）A；（4）C；（5）A；（6）B；（7）A；（8）B；（9）A；（10）C；【解析】【分析】本文介绍了法国足球运动员KylianMbappe。（1）句意：他“飞”过场地一个又一个进球，帮助法国队在2018年世界杯上成为世界冠军。A比赛，B场地，C舞台，足球是在场地上进行的运动，故选B。（2）句意：10月14日，姆巴珀在13分钟内进了4个球，这帮助他的球队赢得了比赛。A打败，宾语是对手，B击败，C赢得，宾语是比赛，宾语是thegame，比赛，故选C。（3）句意：作为前锋，Mbappe曾经被比做Thierry。A比较，B吸引，C制作，根据助动词was可知此处是被动语态，compareto，固定搭配，比作，故选A。（4）句意：他就像蒂埃里一样，会运球和进球。A游泳，B喊叫，C传递，足球是一种传\n球配合的运动，故选C。（5）句意：尽管姆巴珀年轻时就成名了，但他仍然努力保持冷静。使，根据hasrisentofameatayoungage,hestilltriestostaycalmA尽管，B因为，C，年轻时就成名了和仍然即努力保持冷静可知是让步的语气，故是though，故选A。（6）句意：世界杯后，著名的皇家马德里俱乐部邀请他加入，但是他拒绝了。A回答，B拒绝，C接受，根据Madridinvitedhimtojoin,but皇家马德里俱乐部邀请他加入，但是......可知决绝和邀请形成对比关系，表示转折，故选B。（7）句意：记，C发现，我知道我从哪里来，他说，并且听从了父亲给了他一些建议。followone'sadvice，固定搭配，听从某人的建议，故选A。A遵循，B忘（8）句意：他在在法国小镇Bony长大。A抚养，B长大，C建立，根据startedtotrainhisson可知是他的爸爸从小开始训练他，故是在那里长大，故选B。（9）句意：他的父亲是足球教练，发现他很有天赋，于是开始训练他的儿子。A有天赋的，B热心肠的，C勇敢的，根据startedtotrainhisson可知因为有天赋才决定训练他，故选A。（10）句意：我认为帮助那些需要帮助的人是很重要的。need，固定搭配，需要，故选C。A爱，B命令，C需要，in【点评】考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，答题时首先要跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素。最后通读一遍检查验证。4．完形填空OneafternoontwopolicemensatinacarbyastraightroadinAustralia.Theywere1thetrafficandlookingforastolencar.Oneofthepolicemenwhowasdrivingthecarsawasmallplaneflying2them.Hefolloweditforafewminutesbecauseitwasvery3.Whentheplaneflewneartothepolicecar,thedriversawsomething4fromitandlandina5bytheroad.Hegotoutofthecarandwalkedacrossthefield.Hesawawallet6thegroundand7itup.Insidethewallettherewasanotewhich8,"Oilnearly9.Ihavetolandontheroad.Please10thetraffic."1.A.seeingB.stoppingC.drivingD.watching2.A.aboveB.afterC.onD.by3.A.smallB.oldC.slowD.fast4.A.dropB.droppingC.tofallD.falling5.A.groundB.fieldC.carD.traffic6.A.byB.inC.onD.at7.A.putB.lookedC.gaveD.picked8.A.wroteB.saidC.heardD.saw9.A.filledB.usedC.finishedD.left10.A.watchB.stopC.openD.start【答案】（1）D；（2）A；（3）C；（4）A；（5）B；（6）C；（7）D；（8）B；（9）\nC；（10）B；【解析】【分析】文章大意：本文讲述了两个警察在观察交通和寻找被盗轿车时，发现一个飞行的小飞机求助。（1）句意：他们正在观察交通并且寻找被盗的轿车。A.seeing看见；B.stopping停止；C.driving驾驶；D.watching观察。根据lookingforastolencar，寻找被盗轿车，可知观察交通，故选D。（2）句意：驾驶轿车的其中一个警察看见一个小飞机正飞在他们上方。A.above在......上方，不接触；B.after在......以后；C.on在......上面，两个表面接触；D.by在......旁边。飞机飞在头顶上方，头与飞机不接触。故选A。（3）句意：他跟随它几分钟因为它（飞的）非常慢。A.small小的；慢的；D.fast快的。根据轿车能跟随飞机几分钟。可知飞机是慢的。故选B.old老的；C。C.slow（4）句意：这个司机看见有东西从它上面掉下来。英语中通常用seesbdoingsth和seesbdosth。seesbdoingsth看见某人正在做某事，强调正在进行的动作，指动作的一部分；seesbdosth看见某人做了某事，强调动作的全过程，指动作已经完成；A.drop从高处往下掉，有意思的；B：dropping从高处往下掉；C：tofall落下，自然落下；D.falling落下，自然落下。根据landbytheroad落在了路边，指动作已完成，应用动词原形。故选A。（5）句意落在路边的一块地里。A.ground地面；B.field田野，地里；C.car轿车；D.traffic交通。根据Hegotoutofthecarandwalkedacrossthefield.从轿车里出来，越过田野。可知掉到田野里，故选B。（6）句意：他看见一个钱包在地上。在地上ontheground固定搭配，故选C。（7）句意：他看见一个钱包在地上并且把它捡起来。根据Insidethewallettherewasanote里面有一个便条，可知是把钱包捡起来，捡起某物用pickup，故选D。（8）句意：钱包里有一个便条，上面说......。英语中通常用便条上说，应用say，say的过去式是said；故选B。（9）句意：油快用完了。A.filled充满；B.used用；C.finished完成，结束；D.left离开。根据Ihavetolandontheroad.我得降落在路上。可知飞机油快用完了，故选C。（10）句意：请停止交通。A.watch观察；B.stop停止；C.open打开；D.start开始。根据Ihavetolandontheroad我得降落在路上。可知停止交通，故选B。【点评】完型填空，考查词汇在语篇在中的运用能力。答题首先要跳过空格，通读文章掌握大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌作答，注意考虑句型句法搭配，语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。5．阅读下面短文，掌握大意，然后从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Iusedtoliveinmyownroomalone.ButonedayitallchangedwhenmybrotherMikeaskedtosharemy1.Atfirst,myparentssaid"no"tohim,butatlastmymotheragreed.Icriedandaskedmyparentsnottodothis,2itdidn'twork.AssoonasMikeenteredmyroom,itbegantobecome3.Tomyanger,heoftenlefthisunwashedclothesandtoyseverywhere!Oneevening,Iwasdoingsome4onmycomputerwhileMikewaslisteningtomusic.\nHewasusingmycomputertoplaygames.Ihadforgottentosave（储存）thehomework.Sadly,hehadclosedmyprogram7savingit—allIhaddonehaddisappeared（消失）!I8him.Hecriedalotasmymothercameandbeathim.Mymotheralsoaskedhimtoleavemyroomatonce.ThenIhadtodomyhomework9.At10:00pm.Ifinishedit.WhenIwasgoingtoturnoffthe10,Isawthephotoofmy11thathehadputonmytable.Ilookedathislovelyfaceandrememberedhow12hewaswhenmymombeathim.Ireallyfelt13.Iwenttoseewhathewasdoing.Ifoundhewas14inmyparents'bed.Ikissedhisface.Hewokeup,gotupandsaid."I'msorry.Iwon'tbringyouanymoretrouble."Iwasmovedandsaid."Fromnowon,myroomisnotonlymine.Itis15!"Theneverynight,MikeandIsharednotonlytheroom,butthebed.1.A.clothesB.foodC.roomD.toys2.A.becauseB.butC.orD.so3.A.dirtyB.emptyC.quietD.tidy4.A.businessB.homeworkC.readingD.shopping5.A.LaterB.InsteadC.HoweverD.Sometimes6.A.dancedB.fellC.returnedD.slept7.A.afterB.byC.forD.without8.A.agreedwithB.heardfromC.lookedafterD.shoutedat9.A.aswellB.foreverC.intheendD.onceagain10.A.computerB.fanC.radioD.TV11.A.brotherB.cousinC.fatherD.grandfather12.A.cleverB.happyC.sadD.silly13.A.boredB.excitedC.proudD.sorry14.A.jumpingB.sleepingC.sittingD.singing15.A.hisB.hersC.oursD.theirs【答案】（1）C；（2）B；（3）A；（4）B；（5）A；（6）C；（7）D；（8）D；（9）D；（10）A；（11）A；（12）C；（13）D；（14）B；（15）C；【解析】【分析】文章大意：这篇文章讲述了我和弟弟的故事。我很不愿意的和弟弟住一个房间，他把房间搞得很脏。而且有一天他甚至把我电脑上的作业给弄没了。我很生气，妈妈也打了他。但后来我觉得很后悔，决定以后跟弟弟共享一个房间。（1）句意：但是一天当我弟弟Mike要求和我共享一个房间时，一切就改变了。A衣服，B食物C房间，D玩具，根据上文liveinmyownroomalone，自己睡在自己的房间，可知是分享的是房间，故选C。（2）句意：我哭着要我父母不同意，但是没有用。A因为，B但是,C或者，D所以，这两个句子是转折关系，所以选B。（3）句意：从迈克搬进我的房间后，房间变脏了。联系后文eoftenlefthisunwashedclothesandtoyseverywhere，他把他没洗的衣服和玩具丢得到处都是，可知弟弟生活习惯差导致房间变脏了，A脏的，B空的，C安静的，D整齐的，故选A。\n（4）句意：我在做作的候，Mike在听音。A生意,B作,C阅读,D物,从后文ThenIdidmyhomework，我又做了一遍家庭作，可知是做作，故B。（5）句意：接着，我起身去喝水。A接着，B取代，C然而，D有，根据下文可知接下来去喝水，故A。（6）句意：当我回来的候，我大吃一惊。A跳舞，B掉落，C回来，D睡，上文去喝水可知在回来，故C。（7）句意：心地是，他没有保存就关了我的文件，我之前做的全都不了！A之后，B通，C了，D没有，根据sadly，心的是，可知没有保存作，故D。（8）句意：我他大喊。A同意，B听，C照，D喊，生气之后朝弟弟喊，故D。（9）句意：我又一次做了作。A也，B永，C最后，D再一次，根据前文弟弟没有保存作可知，“我”重新写一次作，故D。（10）句意：当我打算关掉，我看到了桌面上的照片。A，B扇，C收音机，D，根据前文用写作，因此完成作之后当关，故A。（11）句意：我看到了弟弟放在我桌面上的照片。A弟弟，B堂弟，C父，D祖父，系后文Ilookedathislovelyface...我看着他可的⋯⋯，判断那照片是弟弟的，故A。（12）句意：我想起当打他的候，他是多么的心。A明，B高，C心，D愚蠢的，系后文whenmymombeathim，被打是心，故C。（13）句意：我感到很抱歉，我去看他在做什么。A无聊，B，C傲，D抱歉，合上文弟弟被打很心，因此我感到很抱歉，故D。（14）句意：他正在父母床上睡，A跳着，B睡，C坐着，D唱歌,合后文Hewokeup,gotup...他醒来，起身⋯⋯可知弟弟是在睡，故B。（15）句意：从今往后，个房不再是我一个人的了，是我的。A他的，B她的，C我的，D他的，根据下文MikeandIsharednotonlytheroom,butthebed克和我不分享房，分享床，可知房是属于兄弟两的，故C。【点】考完形填空，首先通原文，了解大意，然后根据上下文分析比答案，确定答案后核。二、阅读理解6．理解Sciencefictionisapopularkindofwriting,andmanypeoplethinkofJulesVerne（凡）asthefatherofsciencefiction.HewasborninFrancein1828.Hisfatherwantedhimtobecomealawyer,butfromhisearly20sVernedecidedtobecomeawriter.Atfirsthewroteplaysforthetheater.Then,in1863,hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.ThesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestoriessuchasAJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth（1864）andFromtheEarthtotheMoon（1865）.Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular.Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions（言）forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.Hedescribedspaceflight,movies,andairconditioning,alongtimebeforetheyappeared.These\nbookswereverysuccessfulandtheymadeVernerich.JulesVerne'sbookshavebeenthesubjectsformanymovies.20,000LeaguesundertheSeawasasuccessfulmovieforWaltDisney.ItwasthefirsttimethatDisneymoviehadusedrealactorsinsteadofcartoondrawings.AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.Forhim,themostimportantthingistobealwaysontime!（1）Whatdoesthephrase"thefatherofsciencefiction"mean?（2）WhatencouragedJulesVernetowritemorestories?A.Theplayshewroteforthetheater.B.Theencouragementfromhisfather.C.ThesuccessofFiveWeeksinaBalloon.D.Thescientificsubjectsinhisstories.（3）WhywereJulesVerne'sbooksverypopularinthe19thcentury?（4）WhichofthefollowinghasthemaincharactercalledPhileasFogg?A.FiveWeeksinaBalloon.B.AroundtheWorldinEightyDays.C.AJourneytotheCenteroftheEarth.D.FromtheEarthtotheMoon.（5）Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?A.ThespaceflightVernedescribedwasdifferentfromothers.B.ThemaincharactersinVerne'sbooksarealwaysontime.C.JulesVerneonlywroteinthe19thcentury.D.ManyofthepredictionsinVerne'sstoriescametrue.【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）D（4）B（5）D【解析】【分析】文章大意：许多人认为朱勒凡尔纳是科幻小说之父，他的父亲希望他能成为一名律师，但是当他二十岁的时候，凡尔纳决定成为一名作家，他的书写的非常受欢迎，朱勒凡尔纳的书已经成为许多电影的主题。（1）词语理解题。根据短语thefatherofsciencefiction被认为是第一个写科幻小说的人，故选D。科幻小说之父。可知，JulesVerne（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句hewroteastorycalledFiveWeeksinaBalloon.Thesuccessofthisbookencouragedhimtowritemorestories可知故事FiveWeeks”inaBalloon的成功让凡尔纳更有动力写更多的小说，故选C。\n（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句由文中Inthe19thcentury,manypeoplewereinterestedinscienceandinventions.JulesVernewroteaboutscientificsubjectsinhisstoriesand,asaresult,theywereverypopular.可知在19世纪，许多人对科学和发明感兴趣。儒勒·凡尔纳在他的小说中写下了科学主题，因此很受欢迎。故选D。（4）细节理解题。根据文中的语句AroundtheWorldinEightyDaysisanotherfamousmoviebasedononeofVerne'sbooks.ThemaincharacterisanEnglishmancalledPhileasFogg.可知《八十天环游世界》是根据凡尔纳的一本书改编的另一部著名电影。主角是一个叫斐利亚·福克的英国人。故选B。（5）理解判断题。根据文中的语句Verne'swritingincludedmanypredictions（预言）forthe20thcenturyandmanyofthemcametrue.可知凡尔纳的作品包括了许多对20世纪的预言，其中许多预言都实现了，故选D。【点评】考查阅读理解。本题主要考查了细节理解题，词义理解归纳题以及判断题，做题的时候，先从题目中找到一个关键词，它可以帮助我们很快地定位原文，找到答案。7．根据短文内容选择正确答案。CJodie’sDaddyisaGarbageman（垃圾清理工）Mr.Swaleswantedtofindoutwhathisstudents’parentsdid.HehadjustcalledJodiewhensomegirlsburstoutlaughing.Shirleyshouted,“Jodie’sDaddyisaGarbageman!”Everybodyintheclasslaughedoutloud,exceptJodie.Shefeltherfaceturnred.“Silence!”MrSwalessaid,“Beingagarbagemenisadifficultandusefuljob.WeshouldallbethankfultoJodie’sfather.”Jodie’sfathercametowalkherhomefromschoolasusual,butshedidn’trunuptohimthwayshealwaysdid.Whentheygotbackhome,Jodiewenttoherroomandcriedforalongtime.Herfathercameintoherroom,“Whathappened,Jodie?areyouWhysosad?”Jodietoldherfatherwhathadhappenedandlookedathim.Hedidn’tseemangryorhurt.“Well,”hesaid,“theyareright.Beingagarbagemanisadirtyjob.Tomorrow’sSaturdaworkwithme,Jodie.”Theplacereallysmelltoogood.Jodiewrinkledhernose.“Don’tworry,kid.Infiveminutesyouwon’tsmellathing.”saidherfather.Everybodytherewasworkinghard,andtheyseemedtohaveagoodtime.Jodie’fathershandedherapairofglovesandtoldhertogetthelittleplasticbagsandthrowthemintothetruck.Itwasfun,butalsohardwork.Jodie’sarmssoomgottired.Atlast,nomoregarbagewasleftandJodiefeltveryhappy.“Garbageisdisgusting,butwhenweclearitaway,everythingniceandclean.You’cansmakeyourselfhappyonlybymakingotherhappy.That’swhyIlikebeingagarbagemansomuch.Jodiegiveherdirty,smeelygarbagemandaddyabigkiss（吻）.Shesaid,“WhenIgrowup,Iwillbeagarbagegirl!”\nNowwheneversomeoneasksJodiewhatherdaddydoes,shesays,“He’asgarbageman!Everybodymakesgarbage,butmydaddytakesitaway!”（1）WhathappenedinMySwale’sclass?A.Hewantedtoshowwhatjobwasthemostuseful.B.Heaskedanimproperquestion.C.Jodiegaveanhonestanswer.D.Jodiewaslaughedat.（2）WhydidJodie’sfathertakehertohisworkplace?A.TomakeJodiecalmdownB.Toprovehowdirtyhisjobwas.CTohelpJodielearnabouthisjob.C.TohelpJodielearnabouthisjob.D.TokeepJodieawayfromherclassmates.（3）Jodiegaveherfatherabigkissmainlybecause______.A.hewaskindB.hewasunselfish（无私的）C.hewascheerfulD.heishard-working（4）HowdoesJodiefeelaboutherfathernow?A.SadB.CuriousC.Guilty（有罪的）D.Proud【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）B（4）D【解析】【分析】这篇短文中作者主要讲述了一个女孩对自己爸爸从事垃圾清洁工这一工作态度和认识的转变的故事，从一开始同学的嘲笑自己感到委屈，而最后得知爸爸工作的辛苦和伟大。（1）细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二、三句outlaughing.Shirleyshouted,“JodieHehadjustcalledJodiewhensomegirlsburst’sdaddyisa可garbageman!知，当同学们知道Jodie的爸爸是一名垃圾清理工时都在笑话她；故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据短文第十段爸爸的话语“Garbageisdisgusting,butwhenweclearitaway,everything’cesanidclean.Youcanmakeyourselfhappyonlybymakingotherhappy.可知，爸爸要女儿来到他工作的场所是让她体验到自己工作的光荣；故选C。（3）推理判断题。根据短文内容可知爸爸付出了自己的辛勤劳动，方便的市民的生活，其精神是大公无私的；所以女儿为爸爸自豪，而高兴地去亲吻他；故选B。（4）推理判断题。根据短文最后两段可看出女儿对爸爸工作态度的转变，她总是告诉别人他爸爸工作的光荣和以后也要当一名清洁女工来看，她是为爸爸的工作而自豪的；故选D。【点评】阅读理解考查对篇章的把握和对细节的识别能力，答题时注意紧扣问题中的关键词，在文章中寻找答案。\n8．根据短文理解正确答案。DInParis,onefreezingwinterevening,Iwashavingdinnerwithmyfriend,Mr.Dupin,thefamousdetective.Wehadjustfinishedourmeal,whentherewasaloudknockingatthedoor.Dupinopenedit.TherestoodMr.Germain,thechief警）oftheParisPolice.Wewelcomedhimwarmly,forhewasanoldacquaintance（熟人）whomwehadn'tseenforagreattime."Ineedyourassistance,"saidGermain."Imetacase（案件）thathasbeengivingmeagreatdealoftrouble.Itisverysimplebutverystrange."“Also,pleasekeepthissecret.IfanyonefoundoutthatItoldyouthis.Iwouldcertainlylosemyjob.”“Well,then,”saidtheChief,”Ihavelearnedthatorantveryletterimphasbeenstolenfromtheking.Wearesurewhostoleitandthattheletterisinhishouse.""Butwhowoulddaredosuchathing"Icried."Thethief,"saidGermainsoftly,"He'samanwhodarersdomanydangerousthings.Heisoneofthemostpowerfulandimportantministersinthegovernment.HeisMinisterDanton.”"Alotoftimes,whileMinisterDantonwasout,alotofwell-trainedpoliceofficerscarefullysearchedtheentirehouse,roombyroom.Infact,weexaminedeverythinginthehousebutfoundnothing."⋯Amonthlater,DupinaskedGermainandmetohishouse.TherehetookoutaletterandhandedittotheChief.Wewerebothverysurprised.Dupinexplained,"IknowMinisterDantonverywell.Hecouldnothidetheletterinanyoftheusualhidingplaces.Irealizedthathemighthavelefttheletteroutintheopen,rightundereveryone'snose,wherenoonewouldsearchforit.""ThenIvisitedhimwithmydarkglassesontohelpmeobserve（察）better.Whilewewerechatting,adirty,tornletterintheletterholdersuddenlycaughtmyeyes-unusualfortheMinister,whoiscarefulandneat.""Iwassureitwastheletter.""ThenIpurposelyleftmyglovesbehindsoIcouldcomebackagain.""Thenextmorning,Ihiredamantofireagunonthestreet,whiletheMinisterwenttoseewhathappened,Istoletheletterbyreplacingitwithasimilarone,OnitDupinwrotethesewords:Yourplanwasgood,butminewasbetterAsyoucansee,Itooktheletter.----BasedonastorybyEdgarAllanPoe（1）Theunderlinedword"assistance"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeanshere.A.hobbyB.helpC.habitD.holiday（2）Whoisthebestatsolvingdifficultcasesaccordingtothepassage?\nA.Thewriter.B.Mr.Germain.C.Mr.Dupin.D.MinisterDanton.（3）DupindidallthefollowingthingstohelpgettheletterbackEXCEPT.A.wearinghisdarkglasseswhenvisitingDanton'shouseB.leavinghisglovespurposelybehindinDanton'shouseC.hiringamantofireagunonthestreetthenextmorningD.writingsomewordsontheletterheputintotheletterholder（4）Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.A.DupinandDantonarealsoacquaintancesB.DupinandthewriterarebothdetectivesC.DantonandthewriterarenewfriendsD.GermainandDantonaredangerousenemies【答案】（1）B（2）C（3）D（4）A【解析】【分析】本文述法国巴黎的著名探杜先生的故事。警因一个棘手的案子杜帮忙找回国王失的一封信，他知道信在部那里，但是就是找不到。杜先生去了部家里，凭着敏的眼睛了那封信的所在，然后巧妙的将信包，帮助了警。（1）猜。根据Imetacase（案件）thathasbeengivingmeagreatdealoftrouble可知警遇到了很麻的案子杜先生帮忙。hobby好；help帮助；habit；holiday假期。故B。（2）推理判断。根据文章内容Infact,weexaminedeverythinginthehousebutfoundnothing.和Amonthlater,DupinaskedGermainandmetohishouse.TherehetookoutaletterandhandedittotheChief.可知没人找到那封信在哪里，但是一个月后杜先生找到了，故C。（3）理解。注意目：了得到那封信，杜先生做了以下事情，除了哪一个。根据"ThenIvisitedhimwithmydarkglassesontohelpmeobserve（察）better.可知A正确；根据ThenIpurposelyleftmyglovesbehindsoIcouldcomebackagain可知B正确；根据Thenextmorning,Ihiredamantofireagunonthestreet可知C正确；根据Istoletheletterbyreplacingitwithasimilarone,OnitDupinwrotethesewords可知D然也是文⋯⋯章内容，但是并不是杜了取得信而做的事情。所以（4）推理判断。根据IknowMinisterDantonverywell.D。和Ivisitedhimwithmydarkglasseson以及Whilewewerechatting,可知杜与丹部是熟人。故A。【点】故事要扣故事的索，人物的关系，故事的展和局，点明的\n主旨等信息。答题时注意问题中的关键词在文章中的准确定位，根据关键词查找信息，切忌主观臆断，凭感觉做题9．阅读理解Theword,"photography",wasfirstusedin1839.ItcomesfromtheGreekwordsthatmean"towritewithlight".Butphotographycouldonlygivepeoplestaticpictures.Soscientistsweretryinghardtofindwaystomakepicturesthatcanmove.Theymadelotsofexperiments,butfailedagainandagain.ItwasEadweardMuybridgewhofinallysucceeded.Hewasthefirstphotographertotrythissuccessfully.Buthowdidhemakeit?Itwasaninterestingstory.Backin1872,peopledidn'tknowexactly（确切地）whetherallfourofahorse'shooves（蹄）leftthegroundatthesametimewhenitwasrunning.AgentlemancalledLelandStanfordmadeabetwithhisfriendaboutit.Mostpeoplebelievedthatahorsealwayshadonehoofontheground,oritwouldfallover.ButStanforddidn'tthinkso.Atthattime,itwashardtoknowwhocouldwinthebet,becauseahorse'slegsmovesofastthatitisimpossibletotelljustbylooking.Sotheyneededawaytorecordthemovementofarunninghorse.ThenStanfordoffered$25,000tothefamousphotographer,Muybridge,tohelpfindtheanswer.Inthebeginning,Muybridgefailedtogetclearimages,buthedidn'tgiveup.Hecontinuedtoimprovehiscameras.In1878,aftermanyexperiments,hemanagedtogetasequence（连续）of12photos.Oneofthemclearlyshowedthatallfourofthehorse'shooveswereoffthegroundatthesametime.Andwhenthephotosmovedfast,peoplecouldseeahorserunning.ThoughEdisonisusuallyconsideredasthepersonwhocreatedthefirstmoviein1889,itwastheworkofEadweardMuybridgeandthebetthatledtoEdison'sinvention.（1）Theunderlinedword"static"inParagraph1mostprobablymeans.A.prettyB.darkC.movingD.still（2）WhatdidLelandStanfordmakeabetwithhisfriendabout?A.Whosehorseranfaster.B.Whetherahorsewouldfalloverwhilerunning.C.Whetheritwaspossibleforscientiststomakemovingpictures.D.Whetherahorse'shoovesallleftthegroundatthesametimewhilerunning.（3）Muybridgefinallyfoundtheexactanswertothebetin.A.1839B.1872C.1878D.1889（4）Thepassagemainlytellsus.A.thatThomasEdisoncreatedthefirstmovieB.thatEadweardMuybridgecreatedthefirststaticpicturesC.howphotographyhelpedpeopleknowmoreaboutanimalsD.howEadweardMuybridgegotpicturesofmotion（移动）successfully【答案】（1）D（2）D（3）C（4）D\n【解析】【分析】大意：文章主要介绍了EadweardMuybridge拍到移动的照片的故事。（1）词义猜测题。根据下文Soscientistsweretryinghardtofindwaystomakepicturesthatcanmove.所以科学家很努力地尝试找到让照片动起来的方法，可知以前的照片是静止的，static意为still静“止的”。故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据第二段Backin1872,peopledidn'tknowexactly（确切地）whetherallfourofahorse'shooves（蹄）leftthegroundatthesametimewhenitwasrunning.可知，LelandStanford和朋友打赌马在奔跑的时候是不是四只马蹄都离地。故选D。（3）细节理解题。根据第三段In1878,aftermanyexperiments,hemanagedtogetasequence（连续）of12photos.可知，直到1878年，Muybridge，才设法拍到连续的12张照片。故选C。（4）主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要介绍了的故事。故选D。EadweardMuybridge拍到移动的照片【点评】考查阅读理解，首先快速浏览、分析问题，抓住关键词；其次带着问题通读全文，了解文章大意，找到依据，确定答案；最后再检查一遍，确保答案正确。10．阅读理解EsperanzalivesinapoorLatino（拉丁美洲的）neighbourhoodinChicago,America.Shedreamsofhavingherownhouseoneday.Herparentstoldherthatwhentheymovedfromtheirlasthouse,theywouldhaveanewandshiny（亮闪闪的）house.Butthehouseissmallandold.ManypeopleliveinMangoStreet,inabigoldhouse,Esperanzalivesbehinditwithherfamily.AlotofthepeoplewhohavecomefromMexicodon'tspeakEnglish.Manymisstheirhomecountry.Esperanzaunderstandstheirsadness,butshealsofeelsathomeinAmerica.SheisanAmerican,butherroots（根）willalwaysbeLatino.Esperanzaisyoung.Likeherfriends,shehastogrowupfast.Sheisstuckbetweenbeingagirlandbeingawoman.Inthepooranddangerousareawhereshelives,thisisdifficultforher.Mexicanpeopleusuallyliveinacloseneighbourhood.Thismeansthatpeoplelivepacked（挤塞的）intogether.Everyoneknowseveryoneelse.SoEsperanzaknowsotheroldergirlsthatdothingssheisnotcomfortabledoing.Itisjustafactofherlife.ButEsperanzahasgoodfriendstoo.ShebecomesfriendswithtwosistersnamedLucyandRachel.Theyridebikesandhaveadventures（冒险）together.EsperanzaisalsofriendswithagirlnamedAlicia.Aliciaisafraidoftheratsinherapartment.ShesharesherpoemswithEsperanza.（1）WhatisRIGHTaboutEsperanza?（2）WheredoesEsperanzalive?A.InabigoldhouseinMangoStreet.B.InasmallandoldhouseinMangoStreet.\nC.Inanewandshinyhouse.D.Inasmallanddangeroushouse.（3）Wecaninferfromthetextthat______________.（4）Whatdoestheword"stuck"inthethirdparagraphmean?A.hardtoagreeB.hardtobelieveC.hardtomoveD.hardtohaveacorrectidea（5）Thepassageismainlyasimpleintroductionto______________.A.aperson'sexperienceB.aperson'sfriendsC.aplacenamedMangoStreetD.loveandsadnessfromMangoStreet【答案】（1）A（2）B（3）A（4）C（5）A【解析】【分析】主要讲了Esperanza住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。（1）细节题。根据SoEsperanzaknowsotheroldergirlsthatdothingssheisnotcomfortabledoing.可知Esperanza不喜欢其他女孩做的不舒服的事情，故选A。（2）细节题。根据Butthehouseissmallandold.ManypeopleliveinMangoStreet,inabigoldhouse,Esperanzalivesbehinditwithherfamily.可知Esperanza的房子是小的旧的，住在MangoStreet的后面，故选B。（3）细节题。根据Inthepooranddangerousareawhereshelives,thisisdifficultforher知住在MangoStreet是危险和困难的，故选A。可（4）细节题。根据前句Likeherfriends,shehastogrowupfast.像她的朋友一样，她不得不快速成长，所以卡在了女孩和妇女间，即很难移动，即hardtomove，故选C。（5）细节题。根据全文可知主要介绍了Esperanza住在美国芝加哥一个贫穷的拉丁美洲街区，房子又小又旧，及其危险困难的生活。即个人经历的介绍，故选A。【点评】考查阅读理解，主要考查细节题，注意从文中仔细寻找答案。