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  • 2022-09-07 发布

初中英语冠词语法点及练习

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初中英语语法-冠词及练习重点知识归纳及讲解(一)概说1.冠词是一种虚词,不能独立担任一个成分,只能附着在一个名词上,帮助说明其词义。英语中有两个冠词:1)定冠词the2)不定冠词a/an定冠词the通常读作[e?],在元音前读作[ei]。不定冠词在元音音素开始的单词前用an这个形式,读作[?n];在其他情况下则使用a,读作[?]。2.冠词的基本意义不定冠词a/an与数词one同源,表示二个”的意思,用在可数名词单数前。例如:Sheisanurse.她是个护士。HeisanEnglishman,withanIrishwife.他是一位英国人,有一个爱尔兰妻子。定冠词the,与this同源,有这(那)个”的意思,但比较弱,表示一(几)个特定的人或东西,有时可译作这个(些)”或那个(些)例如:That'sthebookyouwa遗就是你要的那本书。Whdstheyoungmanoverthere?那边那个年轻人是谁?\n但在很多情况下,这"或那”这类词在译文中并不出现。\n例如:Putitonthetable.把它放在桌上。Shutthedoor,please.请把门关上。1.特指和泛指般来说,名词有特指和泛指两种情况,请比较下面的句子:Agentlemanisaskingtoseeyou.有位先生要求见你。(泛指)Askthegentlemantocomein.请那位先生进来。(特指)在特指时一般前面要加定冠词,而泛指时则有三种情况:1)在可数名词单数前加不定冠词。例如:Shesentmeapostcar刚寄给我一张明信片。2)在可数名词复数前可不加冠词,可使用some,any这类词。例如:Thesearenewwords.这些是生词。Shesentmesomeflowers.她送给我一些花。3)在不可数名词前多不加什么,有时也可加some,an淮。例如:It'slovelyweather.气真好。Doyouwantanysugarinyourtea?你茶里要放点糖吗?Giveussomehelp.给我们一些帮助。(二)不定冠词的基本用法”)1.泛指某一类人或事物中的一个,代表某一类别(不一定译为例如:Hisfatherisadoctor.他父亲是医生。2.代表某一类人或事物,相当于any(+名词)(不必译为幺”,但必须用a,表示类别)例如:Ahorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。3.指某人或某物(不是指某一类),但不具体说明何人或何物(一般译为\n例如:Thisbookwaswrittenbyaworker.这本书是一位工人写的。1.表示数量,有二”的意思,但数的概念没有one强烈(一般译为:”)例如:Waitamoment.等一下。2.表示单位,相当于每”的意思例如:Wehavethreemealsaday我们每日吃三餐。3.用于某此固定词组中例如:afew,alittle,abit(of),alotof等。(三)定冠词的基本用法1.特指某(些)人或某(些)事物例如:Givemethebook.把那本书给我。2.指谈话双方都知道的人或事物例如:Whereisthedoctor?医生在哪儿?3.再次提到上文提到过的人或事物例如:Iboughtadictionaryyesterday.Thedictionaryisathome.昨天我买了——本词典。词典在家里。4.用在大家所熟悉的、世界上独一无二的事物例如:Theearthisbiggerthanthemoon,butsmallerthanthesunM球比月亮大,但比太阳小。\n1.用在序数词和形容词最高级前例如:MrWangteachesthefirstclass.王先生上第一节课。Ofallthestarsthesunisthenearesttotheearth.所有的恒星中,太阳离地球最近。2.用在单数可数名词,表示某一类人或事物例如:Thehorseisausefulanimal.马是有用的动物。3.与下列专有名词连用1)在江、河、湖、海、群岛、山脉的名称前例如:theChangjiangRiver,theGreatLake2)在姓氏的复数名词前,表示夫妇二人或全家人例如:TheGreensaresittingatthebreakfasttable.格林一家人正围坐在早餐桌旁。4.和某些形容词连用,表示一类人例如:theold老人theyoung年轻人therich富人thepoor穷人thesick病人thedead死人5.在一些习惯说法中theeast(west,south,north)inthemorning(afternoon,evening)ontheleft(right)intheendgotothecinema(四)不用冠词的几种情况\n1.在专有名词,抽象名词和物质名词前例如:HaveyoueverbeentoShanghai?你至U过上海吗?Welovescience.我们爱好科学。2.在表示一类人或事物的复数名词前例如:Girlscanbescientists.女孩子可以当科学家。3.在季节、月份、星期、一日三餐的名称前例如:Itishotinsummer.夏天天气热。ItsTuesday,Augustthe22nd.今天是八月二十二日,星期三。Haveyouhadbreakfast?你吃过早饭没有?4.称呼语或表示头衔,职务的名词前例如:What'sthematterwithyou,Mike?g么啦,迈克?Heisheadmasterofourschool.他是我们学校的校长。5.学科和球类运动的名称前例如:WestudyEnglish.我们学习英语。Doyouliketoplayfootball?你喜欢踢足球吗?6.名词前已有用作定语的this,thatmy,your,some,any,no,whose,every,each等代词时,不用冠词\n例如:Thatisherbike那是她的自行车。Eachstudentinhisclassstudieshard.这个班的每个学生都努力学习。1.在某些固定词组的名词前例如:athome,atnight,afterschool,bybus,inbed,intown,infrontof,gotoschool,gotobe借。I.在下列句子的空格中填上适当的冠词,不需要的地方用“碳示:1.Thisisoldmap.Itisusefulmap.2.WehavenoclassesinafternoononSaturday.3.spaceshipfliesataboutelevenkilometerssecond.4.BeijingiscapitalofChina.Itisbeautifulcity.5.Romanwasnotbuiltinday.6.ChineseisquitedifficultlanguageforMike.7.Manystudentswilltakeactivepartinsportsmeet.8.Thereisinterestingpictureonwall.9.Jennyfoundwalletlyingonground.walletwasMr.Black's.10.Whichisbiggest,sun,moon,orearth?11.---Whichpictureismorebeautiful?---oneonleft,Ithink.12.---Whichiswaytohospital?\n---Godownthisroadandturnleftonsecondcrossing.1.more,better.2.Turnersaresittingatbreakfasttable.3.JoeHillwasfighterforworkingclass.4.WhenwasPeople'sRepublicofChinafounded?5.InChinafirstEnglishtextbookswerepublishedinlatenineteenthcentury.6.Afterbreakfasthewenttoschoolonfoot.7.HuangheRiverliesinnorthofChina.8.Helikesplayingfootball.Hissisterlikesplayingpiano.II.单项选择:1.上学A.gotoschoolB.gototheschoolC.gotoaschool2.住院A,inthehospitalB.inahospitalC.inhospital3.止匕亥llA.atthemomentB.atamomentC.atmoment4.在课堂上A.inclassB.inaclassC.intheclass5.在地球上A.onearthB.onanearthC.ontheearth6.步行A.onfootB.onthefootC.onfeet7.吃饭A.atatableB.atthetableC.attable8.乘公共汽车A.takebusB.bybusC.bythebus9.在家A.atthehomeB.atahomeC.athome10.在工作A.atworkB.attheworkC.atworks\n1.跳高A.jumphighB.highjumpC.thehighjump2.坐飞机A.byairB.bytheairC.onair3.乘火车A.bythetrainB.bytrainC.ontrain4.在校学习A.intheschoolB.inschoolC.inschools5.睡觉A.gotobedB.gotothebedC.gotoabed6.感冒A.haveacoldB.havethecoldC.havecold7.乘船A.byshipB.onshipC.byaship8.玩得痛快A.havegoodtimesB.haveagoodtimeC.havegoodtimes9.事实上A.inthefactB.infactsC.infact21.从早到晚A.frommorningtotheeveningB.frommorningtoeveningC.fromamorningtoaneveningIII.选择填空:1.Thereisoldwomaninthecar.A./B.theC.aD.an2.ShanghaiisineastofChina.A./B.anC.theD.a3.BillisEnglishteacher.Helikesplayingfootball.A.a,theB.an,theC.a,/D./,/4.Themuseumisquitefar.Itwilltakeyouhalfhourtogotherebybus.\nA.an,/B.an,aC.a,/D./,/1.Thestoryisinteresting.Thatmeansitisinterestingstory.A.an,theB.the,a.C./,anD./,a2.Let'sgoforwalk,shallwe?A.aB.anC.theD./3.Thisisinterestingstory-bookanditisalsousefulone.A.a,aB.an,anC.an,aD.a,an4.womanoverthereispopularteacherinourschool.A.A,anB.The,aC.The,theD.A,the5.Theypassedourschooldaybeforeyesterday.A.anB.oneC.aD.the6.AustraliaisEnglish-speakingcountry.A.aB.anC.theD./7.Don'tplaybasketballhere.It'sdangerous.A.aB.anC./D.the8.Thisisapple.It'sbigapple.A.an,aB.a,theC.a,anD.an,the9.---Haveyouseenbag?Ileftitherejustnow.---Isitoneonthechairnearthedoor?A.a,aB.the,theC.a,theD.the,a10.Ihavebluecoat.A.aB.anC.theD.some11.Thisisorange.orangeisonthetable.\nA.a,TheB.an,TheC.an,AnD.the,An1.Haveyouhadbreakfast?A.aB.anC.theD./2.Hewonderedwhenthedoctorcouldfinishoperation.A.aB.anC.theD.any3.Aftersupper,hestayedathomeandplayedviolin.A.the,theB./,theC./,aD./,/4.Thereisappleontheplate.A.aB.anC.theD./5.Hesaidthathegot"C"inthetest.A.aB.anC.theD./6.newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver.A.The,aB.A,/C.A,theD.An,an7.Englishisusefullanguageinworld.A.an,theB.a,theC.the,theD.an,an8.Intheword“cariage""r"islost.A.theB.anC.aD./9.Withthehelpofhisteacherhestudiedhardandgottest.A.aB.anC.theD.one10.Ihavetwodogs.blackoneistwoyearsoldandyellowoneisthreeyearsold.A.A,aB.The,aC.The,theD.A.the\n1.LiDancanplaypianoverywell.A./B.aC.anD.the2.Whatinterestingfilmitis!Ilikefilmverymuch.A.a,theB.a,aC.an,theD.The,/3.tallmanoverthereisourEnglishteacher.A.A,theB.The,aC.A,anD.The,/冠词1.1.an,a2.the,/3.A,a4.the,/,a5.a6.a7./,an8.an,the9.a,the,The10.the,the,the,the11.The,the12.the,the,the13.The,the14.The15.a,the16.the17.the,the18./,/,/19.The,the20./,the11.1—5ACAAC6—10ACBCA11—15BABBA16—20AABCB111.1—5DCDAC6—10ACBDB11—15CACAB16—20DCBBA21—25CBBBC26—28DCD

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