初中计算题练习题汇总 44页

初中数学计算题强化训练一、有理数的加、减混和运算（（1.(-0.7)+(-0.4)+(-0.3)+0.52.（心）+（-5）+45）+-6）3.(+15)+(-20)+(+28)+(-10)+（-5）+（-7）i-(-3訓+4i4.(-3.25)+3.75--+2.5+3-+(-4-)5.-2.6+[-1.4+84426.(-23)+(+31)+(-3123)+(+2^)+(-11)+(+1^)5454231327.(-3)-(-13)-(-12)-(+1.75)8.2343-1-\n2)+(-2寸)+0.25-侥—275--(-84—()—(-9.(-;)-(-2)-(+3)—(-3)10.-1-2(+3)11.-321—吩+(-37)+叫)+(-27)]12.25_1319121520-2-\n--[--(146)]}-4(-7)-(-4?)+3+3.714.5--3.78815.|-0.25|+(-3!)-(-0.75)+卜40.125|+(16.-(+0.5)-(-3丄)+2.75-(+7丄)17.-|--拧)4218.(-1丄)-(25.85)-(+1-)-(-7.2)-(+25.85)-(-0.25)2419.|3-4|+(-5-8)-1-1+51-(5-20)20.1?-1?+3(-0.6)-(-3^)353521.1-[-1-(-3)-5+4]+|4|22(-3」丄)-丄、49123621122-(1--0.5)23(x24-1厂5)匚(-4)、、(31125・131-弓1十挣26.(17勻_(6.25)_(_8_)_(0.75)_22_424-3-\n二、有理数的乘、除、乘方混和运算1-(-3)42-夕5,3)34-，5•(冷)26.(--)37.-3X423421.-2X3222.(-2X3)223.(-2)324.-(2)225.丄26533-4-\n二、有理数的乘、除、乘方混和运算2232X(-2)311.8.(-3X4)9.-3X210.(-3)12.-0.1X(-0.1)313-2X(-0.1)3-(-0.2)2+(-0.8)14-62X(-12)2-3^(-丐)3X(-3)15.(-2)2-(-52)X(-1)5-24-(-3)X(-丄)4216.-2{[-3+(1-1.2X5)-(-2)]-2}17.-32+(-2-)2-(-2)3+|(-2)2|6218.-23-[(-3)2-22X丄-8.5]-(-丄)219.-32X2320.(-3)2•(-2)4223(-3)2-5-\n25227.卜2|28.-0.2X(-0.1)29.(-2)(-1)-(-2)30.---(--)X(-4)31.17-8-(-2)+4•(-2)32.-23-3•(-1)3-(-1)44335、0.8碍)8、(―g)十一g)36、(-4)(—12)靖37、4X(-2)3-(-3)22(-2)3%-1)538、(-^)X+2[)+(-3$39、(—)40、7磴X-8)14、(-2)3X-4)X.2541(-75%)X-21)+(-125)X-75X-0.24)-耳；44・(一2)3(一。5)4.45.23-32-(-2)X-7);46.T4-识-(-3)2].-6-\n（三）有理数加、减、乘、除、乘方混和运算1.-3602-卜24|2.（丐）-（-3）-（+4）32243.-32X3+20074.-3-心)3一[3+0.4X}(-2)+0.25X(-4)3(15.1-3+4-6+10—；)X(-60)-2126.(4x—7x—3)—(—5x—5x+5)7.25a—3a[5-6a—(3a-1)]:-(7a—2)33+8.(-5)(1-0.2X-)-(-0.2)]9.2八8+(-1)2-[(-4)汉2*(-2)510.(-2)2—(-52)X(-1)5-24-(-3)X(-1)42VIVI.-62X(-12)2—贰(-12)3X(-3)-7-\n12.-2X(0.1)3—(—0.2)2+(-0.8)13.-2-[_3・(1-1.2?)"(-2)]“2614.-101-9X1-(-2)x(-64)15.-5-丄-0.25X(-5)849816低-11-[12+1…2)]-417.-12-1+11X[-(-1)21丄12、(218-3019.(-3)X(-2)------十—-3106520.--23—[(-3)2-22X1-8.5]-(--)232+(-21)2—(-2)2+|-22|4221222.143°29’47〃+36°30’13〃23.914〃+57°27’49〃24.15°27’34〃X325.147°37’46〃+4-8-\n（四）代数式混和运算整式的乘公式：(am)N=amnNNN-9_1(a•b)=ab—95x2y3.(—^xyz2)2/22、15162.(-4xy)a.(-Xy)13、•(-y)3.(-2an+1bN)2•(-3aNb)2•4.(-1航)2(->2)•12血(-a2c)1246.2(3x-2y)(x+5y)-6(x-y)(3x+2y)5.(-2ab)(3ab2-2aby⑴7.23X178.(a+b-c)(a-b+c)9100.5X99.510.[2x2-(x+y)(x-y)][(z-x)(z+x)+(y-z)(y+z)]11.(y+2x)(2x-y)-2(3x-2y)(-2y-3x)-(31x-3y)(2x-3y)°-I11121-(1.20—102-9-\n2481613(2a+2b+1)(2a+2b-1)=63,求a+b14.(2+1)(2+1)(2+1)(2+1)(2+1).1519992—1998X2—19992+19982—19972+……+22—16.2000.20021217(a+b+c)221819.100•2.20(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)21a2+b2+c2—2a+4b-6c+14=0,求c-a+b的值.22已知a+b=5,ab=3,求a2+b2与a-b的值.2+2的值,23已知x+丄=3,求xx丄的值。.xx24(a+b)2(a-b)2225.已知a-b=5,ab=-3，求(a+b).22nnnn269x—mxy+16y，求m27.已知(a+b)=1,(a-b)=25,求a+b+ab的值。.-10-\n-11-\n有理数混和运算（四）整式的加减、化简、求值。1.6a+7a2-5a-6a2(其中a=-3)2.5X2-3X3-X-4+3X3+2X-X2-9(其中x=11)23.(3a3-2a2+a-1)-(4a【2a2-3a+2)(其中a=-1)4.；x-2(x*2)+(3y2-2x)(X=-2，y=2)5.3xy2-[xy-2(2X-3x2y+2xy2)]+3X2y6.2(m23i-2n)-2[m-2(2ni-1)]2(X=3,y=-1)(m」二-1)3n7.7ab-{4a-3[6ab+5(ab+a-b)-7a]-2}(a=1,b=1)8.(2x2y-2xy2)-[(-3x2y2+3x2y)+(3x2y2-3xy2)(X=-1,y=2)2+(x2-3xy-2y2)-(x2-xy)(x=-5,y=2)9.xy+2y25-12-\n10.(2x-3y-2xy))-(x-4y+xy)(x+y=5,xy=-3)11.2(2a+b)2-3(2a+b)+8(2a+b)2-6(2a+b)(a=1,b=「3)4212.2(3a-1)-3(2-5a+3a2)(a=-l)315.若(x+1)2+|y+2|=0，求5xy-3x3y2-4xy+1323y2-x3y2的值2xy-xy-3x13.3x2-8x+x2-12x2-3x2+1(x=2)14.4x2+2xy+9y2-2x2-3xy+y2(x=2,y=1)16.—x-(2x-~y2)+(-■—x+—y)(x=-2,y=-—)23232(()()()亿i3y-3)-[4y-1-81-y]y=118.已知：代数式3-2x2+3x+3x2-5x-x2-7求①当x=-1时，求这个多项式的值;2②当x为何值时，这个多项式的值为2。-13-\n解一元一次方程12x-25x+1_i2x+110x+1_1•6_83一6y-34x—1.55x—0.8_1.2—x3.y-0.5一0.20.1x4x-3212x)5.(0.2-0.53147.|x-1|_5x-Ux)]3719.3x-2(x-1)=-1-5x10.2x-—(x，1)■—(x-'1)=886113+x2x+3=3x+112•236(X-1)=1-_3x33-2xx14.|x-5|=3151-46413.-14-\n3-xx_816.3(2y+1)=2(1+y)17=11「2x,x1d2x118+=119.2(y-3)-6(2y-1)=-3(2-5y)634.20(x-5)丄x-2x3x421.x-2W=2+=.220.02x1—-0.18x0.181.5-3x23x1.7-2xd0.030.1220.70.3—124.x32-3x=12511x.48222丄[1-2x」(3x-5)]=x-15-\n二元一次方程组'x=3y\-y=1y+4x=02x+y=54.；x=5y4x_3y=53x-5y=_93x+2y=172x-y=22x7y=6[2x+2y=8f3x+y=17卬—27.丿*23J7x—2y=Zx_2y=4180.2m+0.3n=2.83x-5y=8Qx”0.2x+0.5y=2101.+7y=—110.4x+0.1y=0.413：2(x+y)-3y=103p=5q14.、4(x—9)=3(y—2)：2p-3q=1Nx_3y=1-16-\n：x—2y=4Qx—2y=15「2x—3y=17183x+2y=85x—4y=233x-2y=72x+3y=1"3x-5y=6，4x—15y-17=0192021.?x_6y=7x+4y=-156x-25y-23=0xyx-y七?x_3y=5fx+1=5(y+2)22.*32Qx—2y=7&2x_5)_4(3y+5)=5Q(x+y)—2(x—y)=285'2x+1十3y-2_25x_6=+7y54—674=625x1+y263x—13y—227*23-------——=0.54._24(x+y)_5(x—y)=2；3x+2y=5x+2‘35x+17y=832829.2(3x+2y)=11x+7J7x+33y=672m+3n=12-17-\n----------+------------=7xy△y=64331.«23322x3y2x—3y_84(x+y)_5(x_y)=232-'2x+3y2x-3y1-0.3(y-2)33i?(x+y)—3(x—y)=334.y_1丄X_y4(x+y)+3(x-y)=15、43xy-11_53635.36.xx2(y-;)=3(y)2(3x_4)_3(y_1)=43218‘0.2x+0.5y=0.237.O4x+0.1y=0.40.2m0.3n2.83(xy)-4(x-y)二4；2(x+y)—3y=7xyx_yL4(X—9)=3(y—2)39.26-18-\n兰亠55「x+y=280041.42.』12960：96%x+64%y=2800x92%D48213(x—y)=400xy=14043.3344.xy4015—(x+y)=400616.60xy500"x+y=5045.46.115%1-10%]500x+2600y=9000xy二950—2'x+1=5(y+2)j3(2x_5)K23d47.48._4(3y+4)=5「yJ3224(x-y-1)-3(1-y)-2"x(4-y)+y(x+2)=8、49.50.23=2x(8_y)+y(x+3)=14-19-\n9—(x+y)=18\x-2=2(y-1)51.<552.〔2(x_2)+(y_1)=523x(xy)=-132'2x—yx2y二3「15x+17y=53.54.6x_y2216414x+15y=208”2x+3y丄2x-3y4+3"2x+3y十2x_3y855.3456.L321[—425一x+3y=957.358.—3亠715-y3x=113-20-\n8I9I寸XZ0+ZA二卜O十Ax0LIX9IL+A——"8—A—X卜xY+AIcI寸o9+「IMBal+(A—AAX寸—xe」+C++XXN^IIOH&X)(A+X)HXZocxl001+X+OOZA—XLHAx&n0L+(o—e+x寸Ac+x)x&goCL~00906"寸•丄•99寸&O0—X9&AOOOL+H(A0十X)98丄—fxooodLIx—g)A+寸(A0——A(l+a)x,X)。cx—ll&寸&>9CLH・x+&>(e—XM—<(寸ACCOL9」HXXI+A)X」ITIOAIxA+x+OXHOL9""9ACXI0x+A+x—•69s■\n一元一次不等式的解法与应用1.把不等式的解xv3,x>—表示在数轴表示22.求不等式x<5的非负整数解。3.求大于-1但不大于4的整数数。解不等式并把不等式的解表示在数轴表示1.-2a-1》-82.2x-3v53.4x-25+x>834.-2(3x-2)2三-3(x+5)5.3(x-1)-(x-5)vx-37.x5-1<2xVII6.2(2x-3)v5(x-1)8.12x+10(10-x)239.5x-9<3(x+1)10.VIIx1亠2x丄2x<8--11.丄亠>1425-22-\n佗x31<专-x13・2x>2x"<1-2x14-14.323215..…>416.4x-17.-(x-1)+-X<0575418.3x-2>1+^x19.x+2.x1=120.3xV1+5x22322x+5x_1V222.x-13x-1,x23.3[x-2(x-2)]>x-3(x-3)21.2x5--<2-4562224.心一口^士25.11x-9仁41_1—(x-5)-1>-(3x2)+726.342232227.x-V2xT238.X—Sx-g—X39.5x33x-2V12342252-23-\n40.!x-2x_1<141.x1x-1>x-142.x-1_x22xVIII1211尹石（Xi】订（x-1）53.尹-3）一2-尹-3）-24-\n2x—43x48.3(x2-1)<9(x+i)492.4—50-(x-5)乞32.553951.6x—->5x+-5244111x+2求15-30(x+B)的值54旳—4)切厂55-25-\n56.x-2<1.257.2.4□3x58x-1-2_1.2V332.55"030.55x471-xx1X「1X「159._(x-5)<60.-------->-61.------—------>--------832662.2x[_5x1.门63.y1y-1y-164.x-23>6X-1323262615-9xW10-4x65.-1<红上<266.367.x-1x-2x53(x-1)4(x1)362-x-13x-51x-‘3x+59)5(x-1)68.2-69.70.2x-1x1Qx+59=5x3(x-1)4(x1)8x_5_3(4x-1)71..72.—32x42(x+1)-(x+2)}—3-26-\n一元一次不等式组基础知识若a>by(axXIC++X2JXeXXL-eI:A柜_+Bl—ZcA—r—oX+CMJC—O)AXII—(T—•GqexA+Lqe+—e>lxlLc+—qx+7x+ql)-(T+T)—Oq—H-eX§CXLI+怪叵十怪xL—x-L>dI—L十H-叵x+\Lq+OH1ze0—0丄柜—一—呈Hoxc0o0—m6x/>X+L十(L—x)xECX寸I)—XCXII圧G云・60(L——孚0HX)+K即・+xlT\n分式化简与计算（三）2.1.先化简再计算x-1亠x（其中x=1）2・x2（x=2,2-1）x2-12x—x—22x—4223.化简①宁（x-y）②（）2•（—）（上）x—yb「aa③（i+y）+（i-y）xx2-1xx⑤（x-y+J）（x+y-如）⑥--丄（—-x+1）xx-1xx—yx+y2a-ab22~x2x1a22xx4x1匚24.已知：m=5，求-^+------------------------n22的值（xFFT）21的值。5.已知x2-5x-2=0,求n3m+nm—nm—nx-2-43-\n26•已知a2+2a-8=。，求&-阳•锐的值7.先化简再求值—+丄)(x=3一2,y=2)x「yxy18.已知（x—+(1+其中X=、、2—12x-12xx1)+」a2-2a1a-101,a=2+1Ex-12m11.m-22x12已知x=1—2,y=1+2求，2的值.x-2xyyx-yxyy2xy113(222¥=2.3-2xyy2x-yy-1，.-44-