初中虚拟语气讲解练习及答案 4页

（虚拟语气）虚拟语气表示一种假设的情况，或一种主观的愿望，即动词所表示的动作或状态并非事实，或不可能实现。英语虚拟语气的形式有下列几种： 一、与现在事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1.动词过去式(或were)2.助动词（过去式）+动词原形ShouldWould+动词原形couldmightIfhadthetime,JohnwouldmakeatriptoChinatoseetheGreatWall.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgiveupdrinkingimmediately. 二.与将来事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句If1.    should+动词原形2.    动词过去式3、wereto+动词原形ShouldWould+动词原形couldmightIfyoushouldlose,whatwouldyoudo?IfIweretoseehertomorrow,Iwouldtellherthetruth.Ifyouwenttherenexttime,youwouldseewhatImean. 三、与过去事实相反连接词条件从句结果从句Ifhad+过去分词ShouldWould+have+过去分词couldmightIfI’dknownthatitwasgoingtorain,Iwouldneverhavegoneforawalkinthecountry.四、虚拟语气的几种特殊用法省掉if的条件从句结构：Hadyouaskedme,Iwouldhavetoldyou.(=Ifyouhadaskedme,…)2.有时虚拟条件不用条件从句而用不定式、分词、介词、名词、连接词或定语从句来表示，如：Atruefriendwouldnotdosuchathing.(=Ifhewereatruefriend,he...)(=Iftherewerenowater,…)(=Ifyouhadn’thelpedme,…)3.    有时条件从句中的动作和结果从句中的动作发生的时间不一致，如：Ifhehadfollowedthedoctor’sadvice,hewouldbequiteallrightnow.IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonehome. 五、虚拟语气的其他用法1、Suggest,advise等动词之后宾语从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：suggest,advise,recommend,demand,\nrequire,insist,urge,request,order,+that…(should)+动词原形decide,ask,move,propose等注意：在此结构中that不可省略；should省不省均可。Hesuggestedthatthey(should)stopsmoking.上述动词的名词形式出现时，that引导的从句仍用虚拟语气。Hemadearequestthatthey(should)stopsmoking.如果that引导的从句所表达的内容是事实，也可用陈述语气。Heinsiststhatheisright. 2、Itis(was)+necessary,apity等+that引导的从句须用虚拟语气，其句子结构如下：imperative,advisable,动词完成式Itis(was)+important,natural,necessary,+that…(should)+essential,strange,等动词原形Itisimportantthatyou(should)followthedoctor’sorders.Itisrightthatyoushouldhavedoneyourhomework. 3、wish的用法动词过去式或were—与现在事实相反主语+wish(that)+主语+动词过去完成式—与过去事实相反助动词过去试+动词原形—与将来事实相反IwishIwereapopsinger.(=IamsorryIamnotapopsinger..)IwishIhadneverstoppedteaching.(=IamsorryIstoppedteaching.)Iwishthey’dletusgetsomesleep.注意：wish与hope接宾语从句的区别在于：hope表示一般可以实现的希望，宾语从句用陈述语气。wish表示很难或不大可能实现的希望,宾语从句用虚拟语气。试比较：（1）Wehopetheywillcome,(Wedon’tknowiftheycancome.)（2）Wewishtheycouldcome,(Weknowtheyarenotcoming.) 4、asif,asthough,would(had)rather(that)引导的从句须用虚拟语气，如：Heactsasifnothinghadhappened.Iwouldratheryoudidn’ttellhim. 5、It’s(high)timethat…+动词过去式或should+动词原形，如：It’stime(that)youhadahaircut.It’shightime(that)wetooksomeaction.\n四、虚拟语气练习(1).IfIyou,Iwouldgobyplane.Flyingismuchfaster.A.beB.wasC.wereD.am (2).IdonotthinkthosepeoplearereallyEnglish.Iftheywere,theyspeakwithFrenchaccents.A.don'tB.willnotC.mustn'tD.wouldn't(3)today,wouldwebeabletogettherebyTuesday?A.WereweleavingB.IfweleaveC.WouldweleaveD.Werewetoleave (4).IfJonetomorrow,whatwouldyoudo?A.werenottocomeB.willnotcomeC.wouldnotcomeD.hadnotcome (5).“Shedidn'taskme,soIdidn'thelpher?”“Youmeantosay,youwould'vehelpedher?”A.ifsheaskedyouB.ifsheweretoaskyouC.hadsheaskedyouC.wereshetoaskyou (6).Theytooktheinjuredstraighttothehospital.Otherwisesomeofthem.A.mighthavediedB.mightdieC.woulddieD.coulddie (7).Iftheyhadknownhim,tohim?A.wouldtheyhavetalkedB.wouldtheytalkC.hadtheytalkedD.theywouldtalk (8).IfIlivedinthecity,Itravealincrowededbuses,butItoseelotsof   films.A.shallhaveto/shallbeableB.shallhaveto/amableC.wouldhaveto/wereableD.wouldhaveto/wouldbeable (9).Iwouldhavegonetotheconcert,ifItime.A.hadhadB.havehadC.hadD.wouldhavehad (10).Iknowit,Iwouldhavetoldyou.A.HaveB.IfC.HadD.Having (11).yourhelp,Iwouldnothavesucceeded.A.BecauseB.BecauseofC.ButD.Butfor (12).“WhatdidMrSmithsayabouthiscareer?”“Onlythatifheamillionaire,hewouldhavefewerworries.”A.didnotbecomeB.hadnotbecomeC.doesnotbecomeD.hasnotbecome (13).“Whydidn'tyouhelphim?”“IwouldhaveIdidn'thavethemoney.”A.stillB.butC.otherwiseD.or (14).“WhoshouldgotoseeLiYing?Heisilltoday.”“IsuggestWangHong.”A.goesB.wouldgoC.goD.went (15).Thehousemasterwasstrict.Herequestedthatwetelevisiononweek nights.A.notwatchB.mustnottowatchC.notbewatchingD.havenotwatch (16).Ican'tspeakJapanese,butIdowishI.A.canB.couldC.hadD.speak (17).“Areyouenjoyingyourstayhere?’“Yes,verymuch.IwishIhavetoleavesosoon.”A.won'tB.don'tC.mustn'tD.didn't (18).“Whatwillyoudoduringthesummerholidays?”“Idon'tknow,butit'sabouttimeonsomething.”A.I'mdecidingB.I'lldecideC.IdecidedD.I'ddecided \n(19).I'dratheryouanythingaboutitforthetimebeing.A.sayB.didn'tsayC.don'tsayD.notsay (20).“Whydoyouhavetobethereatsix?”“Theteacherdemandsthateveryoneinhisseatatsix.”A.wouldbeB.canbeC.beD.willbe (21).Hemakesanoteoftheassignmentlestheit.A.forgetsB.forgetC.willforgetD.willnotforget (22).“howdoesthelibrarianact?”“Heactsasifheawalkingdictionary.”A.wereB.beC.isD.hasbeen (23).Thereisalawthatdrunkendriversseverelypunished.A.wereB.areC.beD.willbe (24).IwishyouinterruptwhenI'mtalkingonthephone.A.willnotB.wouldnotC.donotD.didnot (25).Henrytalkstohisdogasifithim.A.understandsB.understoodC.understandD.wouldunderstand (26).Jefflookedasifheaghost.A.sawB.hasseenC.hadseenD.wouldsee (27).Givehermybestregards,.A.shouldyouseehertodayB.ifyousawhertodayC.ifyouwouldseehertodayD.shouldyouhaveseenhertoday (28).Therewasasuggestionbytheteachersthatthemeetingpostponedforaweek.A.hadbeenB.wouldbeC.wasD.shouldbe (29).ItishighlydesirablethateveryefforttoreducepollutioninBeijing.A.wasmadeB.bemadeC.willbemadeD.wouldbemade (30).Themanagerwouldratherthathiswifeworkinthesameofficeashedose.A.doesnotB.didnotC.wouldnotD.willnot (31).Theteacherinsistedthatweallbackbytwoo'clock.A.beB.tobeC.wouldbeD.shallbe (32).Ididn'tgotothefootballmatch,butIdowishIthere.A.wentB.wasC.wereD.hadbeen (33).Itishightimewedrugtrafficking.(贩毒)A.didawaywithB.doawaywithC.didawayD.shoulddoawaywith参考答案（1）C(2)D(3)D(4)A(5)C(6)A(7)A(8)D(9)A(10)C(11)D(12)B(13)B(14)C(15)A(16)B(17)D(18)C(19)B(20)C(21)B(22)A(23)C(24)B(25)B(26)C(27)A(28)D(29)B(30)B(31)A(32)D(33)A