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  • 2022-09-08 发布

初中英语名词讲解及专项练习

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1.名词(课时 :2)一.介绍名词含义 :名词是表示人、事物、地方或抽象概念的词。二.名词的分类:专有名词(人名,地名,机构)William,Linda,Canada,China,theUnitedNations,WTO普通名词可数名词:包括单数(只有一个)和复数(两个以上).不可数名词:只有单数.物质名词milk,water,tea,bread,beef,meat,rice,fish,coffee,sugar,salt抽象名词information,friendship,knowledge,work,advice,science,news,weather三.重点:单数名词变复数名词的规则:1.一般情况下,加“s”.eg:books,stamps,pens,tables2.以“s,x,ch,sh”结尾的,加“es”eg:buses,boxes,foxes,watches,matches,beaches,coaches,brushes3.以“o”,结尾的,加“es”or“s”eg:Negroes[ˈni:grəʊ]、heroes、volcanoes[vɒlˈkeɪnəʊ]、tomatoes、potatoes、radios、pianos、zoos、photos、bamboos、video需加es的记忆技巧:黑人(Negro)英雄(hero)在火山上(volcano)爱吃西红柿(tomato)和土豆(potato)4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,把“y”变为“i”,再加“es”.eg:city--cities,country--countries,family--families,story--stories5.以“f”或“fe”结尾的,把“f”或“fe”变为“ves”。eg:thief—thieveswife—wiveslife--liveshalf—halvesleaf--leaves,knife--knives,wolf–wolves,shelf—shelves,loaf—loaves记忆技巧:贼人(thief)的妻子(wife)在她一生(life)中用半(half)片树叶(leaf)当刀子(knife)杀死了七匹狼(wolf)然后去偷架子(shelf)上的面包(loaf)。\n6)不规则变化:man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen,child-children,ox-oxenfoot-feet,tooth-teeth,goose-geese,mouse-mice,fish-fish,sheep-sheepdeer-deer,means–means,Chinese-Chinese,Japanese-Japanese注意:当man/woman作定语、修饰复数名词时,man/woman与所修饰的名词要同时变为复数。例如:amanteacher---menteachers;awomanteacher---womenteachers四.重点:名词的所有格(---的)(1)单数名词词尾加's;以s结尾的单数名词,则只加’.theboy’sbag;Mary’scap;MrJames’office(2)复数名词如果不以s结尾,则加's;复数名词如果以s结尾,则只加’.theChildren’sPalacemen’sroomtheteachers’reading-room10minutes’walk(3)如果表示几个人共有一样东西,只需在最后一个人的名字后面加's.如果表示各自所有,就必须在各个名字后面加's.ThisisTomandMark’sroom.TheseareTom’sandMark’srooms.(4)the+名词·of·名词thewindowsofthehousethenameofthecitythepictureoftheTom's结构也可以转换成of结构thegirl’sname--thenameofthegirlTom’sfriend--thefriendofTom(5)a+名词·of·名词's/a+名词·of·名词性物主代词(表示“其中之一”)apictureofTom’s ;afriendofmine\n名词专项训练1.--Arethereanyinthezoo?--Yes,therearesome.A.pandaB.lionC.tigerD.deer2.Thereisonlyonedoctorandseveralnursesinthishospital.A.man/womanB.man/womenC.men/womanD.men/women3.--WhatcanIdoforyou?--I’dliketwo.A.bottleoforangejuiceB.bottleoforangejuicesC.bottlesoforangejuiceD.bottlesoforangejuices4.Thisisbedroom.Thetwinsisterslikeitverymuch.A.AnnaandJaneB.Anna’sandJane’sC.Anna’sandJaneD.AnnaandJane’s5.We’llhaveaholiday.WhataboutgoingtotheGreatWall?A.fourdaysB.four-dayC.four-daysD.fourday’s6.Paulhasfriendsexceptme,andsometimeshefeelslonely.A.manyB.someC.fewD.more7.Howmanycanyouseeinthepicture?A.waterB.childC.deerD.factorys8.Thisisanoldphotoofmine.AtthattimeIhad.A.shorthairsB.shorthairC.manyshorthairD.muchshorthairs9.--Wherearethe?--Theyareplayingfootballontheplayground.A.boysstudents/theB.boystudents/theC.boystudent/XD.boystudents/X10.Ihavetospeaktomygrandpaloudlybecausethere’ssomethingwrongwithhis.A.eyesB.legsC.mouthD.ears11.JennygaveusonhowtolearnEnglishwell.A.someadvicesB.manyadvicesC.someadviceD.anadvice12.Wehaveboughttwoforthecomingparty.A.boxofstrawberryB.boxesofstrawberries\nC.boxofstrawberriesD.boxesofstrawberry13.MrSmithisafriendof.A.John’suncleB.Johnuncle’sC.John’suncle’sD.Johnuncle14.--Wouldyouliketea?--No,thanks.Ihavedrunktwo.A.any/bottleofjuiceB.some/bottlesofjuiceC.many/bottlesofjuicesD.few/bottlesofjuice15.Thesearethetoys.A.childB.childrenC.children’sD.children’16.Therearehardlyanyintherivernowbecauseofthepollution.A.duckB.fishC.gooseD.water17.Shetoldmethedaybeforeyesterday.A.agoodnewsB.suchagoodnewsC.sogoodanewsD.apieceofgoodnews18.Iwon’tgotherewithyou,forIhavealotoftodo.A.worksB.jobC.workD.working19.Thereallkindsofinthisshop.A.are/watchesB.be/watchesC.is/watchesD.be/watch20.Thereareonthedesk.A.apaperB.somepapersC.apieceofpaperD.somepiecesofpaper21.I’dlike,please.A.twobottleofbeerB.twobottleofbeersC.twobottlesofbeerD.twobottlesofbeers22.Thesearebackpacks.A.LilyandLucyB.LilyandLucy’sC.Lily’sandLucyD.Lily’sandLucy’s23.We’llhavethissummer.A.atwomonthsvacationB.twomonthsvacationC.atwo-monthsvacationD.atwo-monthvacation24.Igototheonceamonth.A.barberB.barbersC.barber’sD.barbers’25.Iwanttoknowopinion.A.everyone’selseB.everyoneelseC.everyoneelse’sD.everyoneelses’26.Iwalkedintotheoffice,andputtheletteronmydesk.A.teacher’s/teacher’sB.teachers’/teachers’C.teacher’s/teachers’D.teachers’/teacher’s\n27.There’snoformorecarsintheparkinglot.Itistoocrowded.A.roomB.roomsC.houseD.houses28.Myshoeswerewornout,soIdecidedtobuyanew.A.showB.shoesC.pairD.one29.Couldyouspeakinaloud?Ican’thearyouclearly.A.voiceB.noiseC.soundD.throat30.Onlyonehasbeenchosen.Idon’tknowwhetheritisamanorawoman.A.peopleB.personC.manD.woman31.YoucangetmuchabouttheWorldExpoontheInternet.A.mapB.pictureC.ticketD.information32.AlltheteachersenjoyedthemselvesonMarch8th,becauseitwastheirownholiday.A.manB.menC.womanD.womenDBCDBCCBDDCBCBCBDCADCDDCCDACABDD

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