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- 2022-09-08 发布
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一.现在完成时的含义及用法1.现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。2.现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。现在完成时的基本句型:·肯定式:主语+助动词have/has+动词的过去分词.·否定式:主语+助动词have/has+not+动词的过去分词.·疑问式:助动词Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词?用法①现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。Someonehasbrokenthewindow.(窗户现在是坏的)Ihavealreadylostthekey.(我现在没有钥匙)Ihaven’treadthatbookyet.(不了解书的内容)Ihavejustcleanedmyhands.(手是干净的)此时,现在完成时常与already(已经),yet(已经),just(刚刚),ever(曾经)等词连用,通常放在助动词之后,过去分词之前。already:常用于肯定句中.yet:用于否定句,翻译为还没。疑问句尾.翻译为已经1.你已经找到你的书了吗?2.他们在这个城市建了许多房子.3.Judy还没到达.4.你吃过早饭了吗?用法②现在完成时表示从过去一直持续到现在的动作或状态。ShehaslearnedEnglishfor5years.HehaslivedinBeijingsince(自从)hewasborn.Haveyoustayedheresince(自从)3o’clock?for+时间段since+时间点,since+句子①Mr.BrownhashadhisTV_____15years.②I’vetakendrivinglessons_______lastmonth.③Mysisterhashadhercellphone_____amonth.④Myfriendshaven’tvisitedme_______mybirthday.⑤Wehaven’tusedourcar_____alongtime.⑥Shehasn’thadagoodcupofcoffee____years.⑦Tomhaswornglasses_______hewas7yearsold.\n一.havebeen与havegone的用法比较·havebeento“到过,去过”,表示曾经到过某处,但现在人不在那儿。·havegoneto“去了”,表示已经去了某地,现在人可能在去的途中或已在那儿了。·havebeenin“呆在某处一段时间了”二.实义动词分为:瞬间动词、延续动词瞬间动词:borrow,die,join,begin,start,finish,end,leave,buy,arrive,come在现在完成时的肯定句中,瞬间动词不能与表示短时间的句子连用,否定句中可以。瞬间动词若要连用可替换成别的表达方式:1.瞬间动词可用于“段时间+ago”的一般过去时句型2.瞬间动词可改成与之相对应的延续性动词及短语.与段时间连用动作状态dieBedeadBorrow/buyKeep/hadleaveBeawayarriveBeherebeginBeonEnd/finishBeoverjoinBeinmarryBemarried例句:①他的爷爷已经去世2年了。②Nick参军3年了.③他离开深圳好长时间了。④这本书我已借了4个月了.1. The famous writer _____ a new book in the past two year . A. is writing B.was writing C.wrote D.has written 2. Have you met Mr. Li ____? A. Just B. ago C.before D.a moment ago 3.How long have you ____ here ? — About two months . Abeen B. gone C. come D. arrived 4. —Our country ____ a lot so far . —Yes. I hope it will be even ______ . A. has changed; well B. changed; good C. has changed; better D. changed; better 5. —______ you ___ your homework yet ?Yes. I _____ it a moment ago. A.Did; do; finished B.Have; done; finished C.Have; done; have finished D. will; do; finish 6. We ______ Xiao Li since she was a little girl . A. know B. had known C. have known D. Knew7. Harry Potter is a very nice film. I _____ twice. A. will see B. have seen C. saw D.see8.These farmers have been to the United States . ——Really? When _____ there ? A. will they go B.did they go C. do they go D. have they gone 9. Zhou Lang ______already ______in this school for two years . \nA. was studying B. will study C. has studied D. are; studying 9.His father ______ the Party since 1998 .A.joined B.has joined C. was in D. has been in 11.—Do you know him well ? — Sure .We ______ friends since ten years agoA. were B. have been C. have become D. have made 12. He has ___ been to Shanghai, has he ? A. already B.never C.ever D. still 13. Hurry up! The play __________ for ten minutes . A. has begun B. had begun C. has been on D. began 14. It ___ ten years since he left the army . A. is B. has C. will D. was 15. Miss Green isn't in the office. She_______ to the library. A.has gone B. went C.will go D. has been 16. My parents ______ Shandong for ten years. A. have been in B. have been to C. have gone to D. have been 17. The students have cleaned the classroom, ____? A. so they B. don’t they C. have they D. haven’t they 答案:一.用法①Haveyoufoundyourbookyet?Theyhavebuiltmanybuildingsinthiscity.Judyhasn’tarrivedyet.Haveyouhadbreakfast?用法②For;since;for;since;for;for;since三.①Hisgrandpahasbeendeadfor2years.Itis2yearssincehisgrandpadied.②Nickhasbeeninthearmyfor3years.Itis3yearssinceNickjoinedthearmy.③HehasbeenawayfromShenzhenforalongtime.ItisalongtimesinceheleftShenzhen.④Ihavehad/keptthebookfor4months.Itis4monthssinceIborrowedthebook.选择题:1-5DCACB6-10CBBCD11-15BBCAA16-17BD