初中英语表语从句讲解与练习 4页

表语从句Ⅰ.Definition（定义）表语是用来说明主语的身份、性质、品性、特征和状态的，表语常由名词、代词、数词、动词过去分词、动词的-ing形式、副词、介词短语、形容词、不定式和从句等来充当。Eg.（例子）Thepersonstoodinfrontofyoujustnowis________.刚才站在你前面的那个人是我的校长。(名词充当表语)*Ididn’tknowthatitwas____atthattime.当时我不知道那是你。(代词充当表语)Thedoorremained____.门仍然关着。(动词过去分词充当表语)Mary’sdailyjobis____________.玛丽的日常工作就是打扫这间房子。(动词-ing形式充当表语)Thehouseis________large________beautiful.这所房子不仅大而且漂亮。（形容词）WhenIwenttoyourhouse,youwere____.当我到你家的时候，你不在家。(副词充表语)Noonewas____________,whenshearrived.当她到达时，宿舍里没人。(介词短语)Myjobis________________.我的工作是教你们英语。(不定式充当表语)*Thereasonwhyhecamelatewasthat________________.他迟到的原因是他的闹钟坏了。(从句充当表语)（注：*双从句）2.表语从句的构成主语+系动词+引导词+简单句Thisiswhyhedidit.WhatIwanttosayisthatIamtired表语从句放在连系动词之后，充当复合句中的表语。可以接表语从句的系动词有：1:be（being,been,am,is,are,was,were)2:feel,seem,look,appear,sound,taste,smell3:stand,lie,remain,keep,stay4:become,get,grow,turn,go,come,run,fall5:prove,turnout连接词：that/whether/asif/asthough(if不引导表语从句)连接代词：who/whom/whose/which/what连接副词：when/where/why/how/because表语从句1.that1)that在从句中不担任句子成分，无实际意义，一般不能省略2)在表“建议，劝说，命令”的名词idea,suggestion,request,proposal等后面的表从句中，谓语动词用“should+动词原形”，should可省略Myopinionisthatit’sgettingbetterandbetter.Mysuggesstionisthatwe(should)startearlytomorrow.2.whether在表语从句中表“是否”,但不充当句子的成分。if“不能”引导表语从句。如:Whatthedoctorreallydoubtsiswhethermymotherwillrecoverfromtheseriousdiseasesoon.Thequestioniswhetheritisworthdoing.3.asif,asthough引导的表语从句1)asif/though引导的表语从句常置于连系动词look,seem,sound,be,\nbecome等后面，常用虚拟语气，表示不存在的动作或状态。e.g.Itsoundsasif/thoughsomebodywasknockingatthedoor.2)主语+连系动词（look/seem/appear……）+that/asif从句*asif/asthough引导的表语从句如果是事实，就用陈述语气；如果与事实不符，就用虚拟语气(主句一般现在时,从句就用过去式，be的话变成were。主句是过去式，从句用过去完成时)。Itlooksasifhewereherownfather.(与事实不符)Darkcloudsaregathering.Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.As/asif、asthoughThesituationisnot____itseemstobe.形势并不像外表所看到的那样。Shelooks________sheisworriedaboutherleader’sdisease.她看上去很担忧她领导的病情。Itwas________heweremad.他好像疯了似的。4.becausebecause引导表语从句通常只用于“This/That/Itisbecause…”结构中。Myangerisbecauseyouhaven’twrittentomeforalongtime.你为什么不来出席座谈会？是病了么？Whywereyouabsentfromtheforum?Wasitbecauseyouwereill?5.that,why 与 because 引导表语从句时的区别1）虽然三者均可引导表语从句，但that没有词义，而 why 和 because 有自己的意思；另外，虽然 why和 because 都可引导表语从句，但前者强调结果，后者强调原因。如：Thereasonwas____youdon’ttrusther. 原因是你不信任她。Thefactis____theyareangrywitheachother. 事实是他们生彼此的气。Hewasill.That’s____hewassenttothehospital. 他病了，所以被送到医院来。Hewassenttothehospital.That’s____hewasill.他被送到医院，是因为他生病了。填空:Thereasonwhywedidn'ttrusthimis______hehasoftenlied．*reason做主语时，表语从句只能用that引导,不能用why引导。句型结构为：Thereason(why…/for…)is/wasthat….Thereasonisthat……他早上来晚的原因是他晚了一分钟而没赶上火车。Thereason____hewaslatewas____hemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning（当主语是reason时，表语从句要用that引导而不是because）注意点1：主语为reason时，表语从句连接词用that,但以it,this,that开头做主语的句子，则可用because。Thereasonforhisbeinglatewas____hemissedtheearlybus.Shewaslatethismorning.Thatwas____shemissedtheearlybus.*Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas____hemissedtheearlybus.（why引同位语从句）例题2：Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof注意点2：主句主语为reason,只能用that引导表语从句，不可用because.Bthat/what的区别1．_______yourfatherwantstoknowis________gettingonwithyourstudies.A.What;howareyouB.That；howyouareC.How；thatyouareD.What；howyouare2.Thetroubleis__________weareshortoftools.\nA.whatB.thatC.howD.whythat3.Americawas__________wasfirstcalled“India”byColumbus.A.whatB.whereC.theplaceD.therewhere4.Chinaisbecomingstrongerandstronger.Itisnolonger_________.A.whatitusedtobeB.whatitwasusedtobeingC.whatitusedtobeingD.whatitwasusedtobe5.________hereallymeansis________hedisagreeswithus.A.What…thatB.That…whatC.What…whatD.That…what6.Theenergyis________makesthecellsabletodotheirwork.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.such6.连接代词who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whatever,whichever连接副词where,when,how,why。Theproblemis____wecangettoreplaceher.问题是我们能找到谁去替换她呢。Thequestionis____hedidit. 问题是他是如何做此事的。Thatwas____shedidthismorningonreachingtheattic.那就是她今晨上了阁楼干的。Thatis____hewasborn.那就是他出生的地方。7.where,when,why,how引导的表语从句连接副词where,when,why,how除在句中起连接作用外，在从句中还充当时间、地点、方式、原因状语，本身具有词义。e.g.That’s____Ican’tagreewithyou.Thisis____Sarawaslateforthemeeting.Thisis____theyovercomethedifficulties.Mystrongestmemoryis____IattendedanAmericanwedding.8.表语从句的常用句型：1）名词主语＋be＋that从句ThefactisthatIwasinthegardenwhentherobberyhappened.作主语的名词通常有表示事实、真理的名词fact,truth或表示看法观点的名词idea,opinion,belief,view,feeling,suggestion,plan等。suggestion,proposal,advice,requirement等词后的表语从句要用虚拟语气（should）do。2）名词主语+be+that引起的表语从句如：1.Thefactisthat________________thegame.事实上我们队伍已经赢了。2.Myopinionisthatwe________________them.我认为我们应该和他们讨论它。3）名词主语＋be＋wh-疑问词引导的从句Thetroubleiswherewecangetthethingsweneed.wh-引导的主语从句＋be＋that从句Whatsurprisedmemostwasthatallthepupilswereunusuallyquiet.This/That＋be＋wh-疑问词引导的从句ThisishowyoumaketheItalianpizza.注意：表语从句中的that不能省略；表语从句中只能用whether不能用if；表语从句中，从句用陈述句语序练习1.---Areyoustillthinkingaboutyesterday'sgame?---Oh,that's_______.A.whatmakesmefeelexcitedB.whateverIfeelexcitedabout\nC.howIfeelaboutitD.whenIfeelexcited　2.---IdrovetoZhuhaifortheairshowlastweek.---Isthat_______youhadafewdaysoff?A.whyB.whenC.whatD.where3.Whenyouanswerquestionsinajobinterview,pleaserememberthegoldenrule:Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactly_______hewants.A.whatB.whichC.whenD.that表语从句练习1.Thequestionis________wewillhaveoursportsmeetnextweek.A.thatB.ifC.whenD.whether2．Thereasonwhyhefailedis________hewastoocareless.A.becauseB.thatC.forD.becauseof3.Goandgetyourcoat.It’s________youleftitA.whereB.thereC.therewhereD.wherethere4．Theproblemis_________totaketheplaceofTedA.whocanwegetB.whatwecangetC.whowecangetD.thatwecanget5.WhatIwanttoknowis______helikesthegiftgivenbyus.A.thatB.ifC.whetherD.不填6.Thereasonis_________Imissedthebus.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what7.Thatis_____wewerelatelasttime.A.thatB.whenC.whyD.what8.Shelooked_________sheweretenyearsyounger.　A.thatB.likeC.asD.asthough9.—Ifellsick!--Ithinkitis_______youaredoingtoomuch.A.whyB.whenC.whatD.because10.Thereasonwhyhehasn’tcomeis___________.A.becausehismotherisillB.becauseofhismother’sbeingillC.thathismotherisillD.forhismotherisill11.—Hewasbornhere.--Thatis_______helikestheplacesomuch.A.thatB.whatC.whyD.how12.Thatis______LuXunoncelived.A.whatB.whereC.thatD.Whythat/what的区别DBAAAC解析：这是由what引导的一个表语从句，在从句中充当主语，这句话的意思为：那是使我感到兴奋的事。故答案为A。解析:这是一个由why引导的表语从句,表示原因.这句话的意思是"这就是你离开的原因吗?"。故答案为A。解析:这是一个宾语从句,wants后面缺少宾语,Alwaysgivethemonkeyexactlywhathewants是一句谚语,意思是"永远给予他人他确实想要的东西"。故答案为A。答案DBACCACDDCCB