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英语动词时态的用法及练习一般现在时表示常态的状态或动作一般现在时基本用法介绍一般现在时的功能:1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:天空是蓝色的/你是一位学生.2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:我每天六点起床./我们每天读英语.3.表示客观现实。如:地球绕着太阳转。我是一个男孩。这是我的书包。一般现在时的句子构成be作系动词,后面是表语,这量它不是助动词。行为动词时就有助动词了。1.be动词:主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。如:2.行为动词:主语+行为动词(+其它)。如:我们学习英语.我每天步行上学。当主语为第三人称单数(he,she,it)时,要在动词后加"-s"或"-es"。如:玛丽喜欢s汉语她说s英语。一般现在时的变化:(语态/人称变后,谓语变化)1.be动词的变化。---作系动词时否定句:主语+be+not+其它。如:他不是工人。Heisnotaworkman/我们不是工人。Wearenotworkmen..一般疑问句:Be+主语+其它。如:-Areyouastudent?---IsLiPingateacher?特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:我的自行车在哪里?Whereismybike?语态变化了加助动词这是什么?/你多大2.行为动词的变化。否定句:主语+don't(doesn't)+动词原形(+其它)。如:我不喜欢面包。他们不踢足球。当主语为第三人称单数时,要用doesn't构成否定句。如:\n他不喜欢汉语。Hedon’tlikeChinese她不踢足球。助动词:助语态(否/疑)一般疑问句:Do(Does)+主语+动词原形+其它。如:你常常踢足球吗?Doyouplayfootball_-Yes,Ido./No,Idon't.当主语为第三人称单数时,要用does构成一般疑问句。如:她骑自行车上班吗?_doshegotoworkrideabike_-Yes,shedoes./No,shedoesn't.特殊疑问句:疑问词+一般疑问句。如:你父亲是怎样上班的?_?他坐公共汽车上班。动词+s的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks,milk-milks2.以s.x.sh.ch.o结尾,加-es,如:guess-guesses,wash-washes,watch-watches,go-goes.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i,再加-es,如:study-studies一般现在时用法专练:一、写出下列动词的第三人称单数drinks________goes____________stays___________makes__________looks________has__carries_________comes___________watches___________plants_____________flies___________studies__________brushes___________does____________teaches__________二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。1.Heoften___has___(have)dinnerathome.2.DanielandTommy__are______(be)inClassOne.3.We__don’twatch_____(notwatch)TVonMonday.4.Nick__doesn’t_______(notgo)tothezooonSunday.5._do_____they_like_______(like)theWorldCup?6.What____dotheyoften__do_____(do)onSaturdays?7._do______yourparents__read_____(read)newspaperseveryday?8.Thegirl__teaches_____(teach)usEnglishonSundays.9.SheandI__take_____(take)awalktogethereveryevening.10.There__is______(be)somewaterinthebottle.11.Mike___likes____(like)cooking.12.They_have______(have)thesamehobby.2.Amylikesplayingcomputergames.(改为一般疑问句,作否定回答)__Doeslikeplayingcomputergames?\n3.Wegotoschooleverymorning.(改为否定句)__Wedon’t__gotoschooleverymorning..4.HespeakEnglishverywell.(改为否定句)_Hedoesn’t__speakEnglishvery5.Iliketakingphotosinthepark.(对划线部分提问)_Wheredoyoulike.takingphotos?________JohncomefromCanada.(对划线部分提问)__who_comesfromCanada_?______________________________四、改错(划出错误的地方,将正确的写在横线上)1DoesyourbrotherspeakEnglish?________________2.Doeshelikegoingfishing?__________________3.Helikesplayinggamesafterclass.__________________4.Mr.WuteachesEnglish.__________________5.Shedoesn’tdoherhomeworkonSundays._________________二、现在进行时1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作,也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为:主语+be(am,is,are)+动词ing+…现在正在进行的动作,不是状态玲玲正在搬一只箱子。__那些男孩正在骑自行车。__3.现在进行时的否定句为:主语+be(am,is,are)not+动词ing+…那些女孩不是在买热狗。_____.她不是正在写信。_____4.现在进行时的一般疑问句为:Be(,Is,Are)+主语+动词ing+…?李磊正在做作业吗?____________?Yes,________\No,___________.5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为:疑问词+be(am\is\are)+主语+动词ing+…?他正在那边干什么?___?他在找他的书。__但疑问词当主语时其结构为:疑问词+be+动词ing+…?\n助动词:助语态(陈/疑/否)谁在房里唱歌?_?是我姐姐。__动词加ing的变化规则1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook---cookingwork---working2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:make-making,taste-tasting3.如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母,双写末尾的辅音字母,再加ing,如:run-running,stop-stopping现在进行时专项练习:一、写出下列动词的现在分词:play_?___run__________swim_________make__________go_________like________write___read__________have_________sing______dance_________put_________see________bbuy________love____________live_______take_________come________get_________stop_________sit________二.填空:(用现在进行时态完成)1.She_____iswalking___________(walk)now.2.They_aresitting_______(sit)onthechair.3.Cindy___is____watching______(watch)TV.4.Joe__is__washing____(water)inthegarden.5.Look,Nick_iscoming________(come).6.Listen,she___is__singing____(sing).7.Look,thegirl___is_running_____(run).8.Mymotherandmyfather_aredancing______(dance).三.根据汉语意思填空:1.你要去哪儿啊?Whereareyou_going____?2.Nick正在爬攀登架.Nick_is_climbing____________(climb)thejunglegym.?3.他们正在读书.They_are_____reading______booksnow.4.爷爷正在吸烟.Grandpaishavingcigarette________________(smoke).5.我在做作业.Iamdoing_______________(do)myhomework.6.我妈妈正在做饭.Mymother_iscooking_____________(cook).7.Jerry在喝柠檬果汁.Jerry___isdrinking___________lemonjuice.8.他正在写信.He_iswriting_______________aletter.四.填入be动词的适当形式1.He_is____drinkingwater.2.Theeagle_is____flyinginthesky.3.Childrenareplayingintheplayground.4.They_are____workingnow.5.I__am___goingtothesupermarket.五、用所给的动词的正确形式填空:1.Theboy____drawwing______________(draw)apicturenow.2.Listen.Somegirls___singing____________(sing)intheclassroom.4.What\n_do____you_doing_____(do)now?5.Look.They____having___________(have)anEnglishlesson.6.Theyare__notwatering__________(not,water)theflowersnow.10._is_____Helen___washing_________(wash)clothes?Yes,sheis.六、句型转换:1.Theyarenotdoinghousework.(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)2.Arethestudentscleaningtheclassroom.(改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答)3.I’mplayingfootballintheplayground.(对划线部分进行提问)___whereare4.Tomisreadingbooksinhisroom.(对划线部分进行提问)__whatareyoudoingtom_七.用动词的适当形式填空(现在进行时与一般现在时对比练习)1.She_goes_____________(go)toschoolateighto’clock.2.It’ssixo’clock.Theyare_eating____________supper.(eat)3.Heusually__gets_____________upat6:00.(get)4.She_isliving_________________(live)inBeijing.九.造句:6).areTheYoungPioneershelpingtheoldwoman?改成一般疑问句)_________________十、用括号中动词的适当形式填空:1.Myparents____arewatching_______________(watch)TVnow.2.What__is____yourmother_doing______(do)now?3.___are____you__listening_____(listen)tomusic?Yes,Iam.4.Look,MissChenis___piaying_______________football.(play)5.Tomandhissisterare__waitting_________(wait)foryouoverthere.三、一般将来时理论及练习一、概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语:tomorrow,nextday(week,month,year…),soon,thedayaftertomorrow(后天)等。二、基本结构:助动词:助时态形式\n将要发生或计划准备做①主语+be(is,am,are)goingto+do(动词原形)…;李平明天打算去购物。/我打算今晚看电视。他们这个周末要去公园。②主语+will+do(动词原形)…学生们将用计算机来学习。/我们将会去拜访他。三、否定句:①主语+be(is,am,are)notgoingto+do(动词原形)….李平明天不打算去购物。_我不打算今晚看电视。__/他们这个周末不去公园。__②主语+willnot+do(动词原形)….(willnot=won’t)学生们将不用计算机来学习。_我们将不会去拜访他。四、一般疑问句:be或will提到句首,①Be(Is,Are)主语+goingto+do(动词原形)…?李平明天打算去购物吗?/你打算今晚看电视吗?/他们这个周末要去公园吗?②Will+主语+do(动词原形)…?学生们将用计算机来学习吗?你们将去拜访他吗?五、对划线部分提问。一般情况,一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。1.问人。Who例如:I’mgoingtoNewYorksoon.→_____________________________?2.问干什么。What…do.例如:Myfatherisgoingtowatcharacewithmethisafternoon.→______________________________________________________________?3.问什么时候。When.例如:She’sgoingtogotobedatnine.→_________________________________________________________________________练习:一、填空。1.我打算明天和朋友去野炊。I___________________haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.=I________haveapicnicwithmyfriendstomorrow.2.下个星期一你打算去干嘛?我想去打篮球。What___________________________________________nextMonday?\nI_________________playbasketball.=What_________youdonextMonday?I________playbasketball.二、改句子。1.Nancyisnotgoingtogocamping(野营).(改否定)Nancy________goingtogocamping.2.I’llnotgoshoppingthisafternoon.(改否定)I___________goshoppingthisafternoon.3.I’mgoingtogetupat6:30tomorrow.(改一般疑问句)_areyou____________________togetupat6:30tomorrow?4.willyoumeetatthebusstopat10:30.(改一般疑问句)_______________meetatthebusstopat10:30.5.Sheisgoingtolistentomusicafterschool.(对划线部分提问)whatis___she___going_todo_afterschool?三、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Mybrotherwill___go__________(go)toShanghainextweek.2.Whatdoyouusuallydoatweekends?Iusually____watch_________()TVand_______catch________()insects(昆虫)?3.Mary___is__goingto__visit____________________(visit)hergrandparentstomorrow.4.LiuTao__flied__________(fly)kitesintheplaygroundyesterday..四、一般过去时强调时间是过去,是过去发生的!!!1.一般过去时态:表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态。谓语动词要用一般过去式。经常与yesterday(昨天),lastweek(上周),lastmonth(上个月),lastyear(去年),twomonthsago(两个月前),thedaybeforeyesterday(前天),in1990(在1990年),inthosedays(在那些日子里)等表示过去的时间状语连用。如:_______________________(我出生在1990年)。________________________________(你是什么时候去的公园?)_________________________________________.(我是上周去的公园)在上面的句子中第一句属于be动词的一般过去时态;第二句和第三句属于实义动词的一般过去时态。2.Be动词在一般过去时中的变化:⑴am和is在一般过去时中变为was。(wasnot=wasn’t)⑵are在一般过\n去时中变为were。(werenot=weren’t)⑶带有was或were的句子,其否定、疑问的变化和is,am,are一样,即否定句在was或were后加not,一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。3.句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子.否定句:didn’t+动词原形,系动词,不是助动词助词:did和do一样如:吉姆昨天没有回家。_______________________________________.一般疑问句:在句首加did,句子中的动词过去式变回原形。如.吉姆昨天回家了吗?__________________________?特殊疑问句:⑴疑问词+did+主语+动词原形?如:吉姆昨天干什么了?_______________________________?⑵疑问词当主语时:疑问词+动词过去式?昨天谁回家了?_whodidgohome_______________________________?动词过去式变化规则:1.一般在动词末尾加-ed,如:pull-pulled,cook-cooked2.结尾是e加d,如:taste-tasted3.末尾只有一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节,应双写末尾的辅音字母,再加-ed,如:stop-stopped4.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,变y为i,再加-ed,如:study-studied5.不规则动词过去式:am,is-was,are-were,do-did,see-saw,say-said,give-gave,get-got,go-went,come-came,have-had,eat-ate,take-took,run-ran,sing-sang,put-put,make-made,read-read,write-wrote,draw-drew,drink-drank,fly-flew,ride-rode,speak-spoke,sweep-swept,swim-swam,sit-sat一、写出下列动词的过去fly_flied______plant_planted_______areweredrink_drank_______play_played______go__went______make__made____does_did________dance_danced_______worry_worried_______askasked_____tastetasted_________eat___ate_______draw__drew______putput______throw__threw______kick__kick_______pass__passed_____do__did______二、句型转换1.Itwasnotexciting(兴奋的).否定句:____________________一般疑问句:______________________肯、否定回答:_______________________\n2.Allthestudentswereveryexcited(受感动的).否定句:_____________________________一般疑问句:______________________________肯、否定回答:________________________________3.Theywereinhispocket.否定句:_____________________一般疑问句:________________________肯、否定回答:_________________________________三、用be动词的适当形式填空1.I_am_____anEnglishteachernow.2.She_was______happyyesterday.3.HelenandNancy__are______goodfriends.4.They_were______gladtoseeeachotherlastmonth.5.Thelittledog_was____twoyearsoldthisyear.6.Look,there__are______lotsofgrapeshere.7.There_is_______asignonthechaironMonday.8.Today_is____thesecondofJune.Yesterday______thefirstofJune.It_is____Children’sDay.Allthestudents___are___veryexcited.四、句型转换1.Therewasacarinfrontofthehousejustnow.否定句:_________________________________一般疑问句:___________________________________肯、否定回答:_____________________五、中译英1.昨天我做了作业。__I__didhomeworkyesterday__________________________________________2.他上个礼拜去了公园。_hewenttopark_lastweek__________________________________________3.他们刚才在操场上玩。Theyplayedintheplaygroundjustnow.六、用行为动词的适当形式填空1.He__lived_______(live)inWuxitwoyearsago.2.Thecat_ate_______(eat)abirdlastnight.3.We_had____(have)apartylastnight.4.Nancy__picked_____(pick)uporangesonthefarmlastweek.5.I_made____(make)amodelshipwithMikeyesterday.6.They__played____(play)chessintheclassroomlastPElesson.7.___did______she_________(practice)herguitaryesterday?No,she__did\nnot_______.7、改错1.HowwasJaneyesterday?_______________2.Hewenttoschoolbybuslastweek.___________________3.Heoftenwenthomeat6:00lastmonth._________________4.Icanfliedkitessevenyearsago.__________________5.Didyousawmyhomeworkyesterday?____________五、现在完成时现在完成时表示过去发生的与现在情况有关的事或状态,即动作发生在过去,而且已经完成;或动作发生在过去,并且一直延续到现在,并且有可能继续延续下去。它强调对现在造成的影响或结果助动词:助时态强调延续性1.现在完成时结构:“主语+have/has+v过去分词”。“have/has”如何使用需记清。当主语是I,you和复数名词或代词时要用have;第三人称单数主语后跟has。现在完成时的时间状语:1.表示不确定的时间状语如already,ever,never,recently,just,yet,before等。-------表示不确定的时间状语连用。2.表示从过去某个时刻(或时间)一直延续到现在的时间状语,由“for+时间段”,“since+过去某个时间或since连接的一般过去时的从句”,如forthreeyears,sincelastautumn,sincehecametoChina等。---表示时间段的时间状语现在完成时典型示例㈠过去发生的与现在情况有关的事或状态,即动作发生在过去,而且已经完成,它强调对现在造成的影响或结果。常于already,ever,never,recently,just,yet,before等表示不确定的时间状语连用。1._____________________________________________我已经给他寄去信了。2.______________________________________________她曾经看过这个电影。3._______________________________________________他们买了新房子了。㈡表示从过去某个时刻(或时间)一直延续到现在并且有可能继续下去\n的动作,常与“for+时间段”,“since+过去某个时间或since连接的一个一般过去时的从句”连用,这时的动词必须是延续性的。①________________________________________________我们学习英语已经三年了。②________________________________________________自从他来到这里他就在这个工厂工作。七、现在完成时的句型变换助动词提前变疑问,助动词后not变否定。例句①Ihavealreadyplantedthreetrees.否定句:__ihavenotyetplanted___threetrees___________________________疑问句:_____haveyouyet____plantedthreetrees__________________________________(already用于肯定句中,yet用于否定句和一般疑问句中)肯定回答:Yes,Ihave.否定回答:No,Ihaven’t.对three提问:_______howmany____________treeshaveyouplantedyet.?总结:2.过去时和现在完成进在谓语部分形式上有啥区别?强调的东西区别?结果/时间3.有几种助动词?助时态的有几种?助语态的有几种?4.主谓一致导致助动词数的变化有几种?5.Be作系动词和助动词的环境是哪几种?have/hasbeen与have/hasgone的区别1.have/hasbeen表示去过某地,说明有某种经历。\n①______________________________________.以前我去过北京。2.have/hasgone到某地去了。(在途中或已经到了目的地)①Wherehashegone?他到哪里去了?________________________________________他去青岛了。②Wherearethey?他们在哪里?_________________________________________.他们到日本去了。