初中情态动词用法总结,练习含答案解析 8页

专项：情态动词一考点：情态动词的用法和辨析，情态动词表示推测和可能，由情态动词引导的一般疑问句的回答。二类型：1只是情态动词：can,could,may,might,must2可做情态动词，可做实义动词：need,dare3可做情态动词，可做助动词：will,would,shall,should4特殊：haveto,oughtto,usedto三特征：1有一定的词义，但不能单独作谓语，必须与行为动词和系动词连用构成谓语。2无人称和数的变化。（haveto除外）Eg:Hehastostayhere.3后接动词原形。4具有助动词作用，可构成否定，疑问或简短回答。四用法：1.can①表示能力，“能，会”。Eg:Canyouplaybasketball?②表示怀疑，猜测，常用于否定句或疑问句。Eg:Lihuacan’tbeintheclassroom.③表示请求，允许，多用于口语，译“可以”=may.Eg:youcangonow.④can开头的疑问句，肯定句，否定句用can或can’t.2.could①can的过去式，表示过去的能力。Eg:IcouldswimwhenIwassevenyearsold.②could开头的疑问句，肯定和否定回答用could,couldn’t如果could表示现在的委婉，用can回答。Eg:CouldIhaveadrink?Yes,youcan.3.may①表示推测，“可能，也许”，用于肯定句。Eg:Hemaycometomorrow.②表示请求，“许可,可以”。Eg:MayIborrowyourbook?注：表示请求，许可时，主语为第一人称的一般疑问句，否定回答用mustn’t“不可以，禁止，不许”,不用maynot“可能不”。③表示祝愿。Eg:Mayyousuccess.\n4.might①表示“可以”，用于过去时中。Eg:HetoldmeImightsmokeintheroom.②用于现在时，表示说话更委婉，礼貌。Eg:Hemightbedoinghislessonsnow.5.must①表示“必须，应该”。②表示推测，常用在肯定句中，表“一定”。Eg:Thereissomeoneknockingatthedoor.ItmustbeJim.③否定句中，mustn’t表示禁止，“不允许”。④以must开头的疑问句，肯定句回答用must,否定回答用needn’t,表示“不需要，不必”=“don’thaveto”.⑤表示“偏偏”。Eg:Mustyouplaythepianoatthistime.6.need①情态动词：+do,用need提问或回答，肯定句回答用must,否定句回答用needn’t.Eg:Youneedn’tcometoschoolsoearly.②实义动词：+todo,用助动词提问和否定。③+doing表示被动。④needn’thavedone表示没必要做某事但是做了。Eg:Iactuallyneedn’thaveboughtsomuchwine.7.dare①情态动词，多用于疑问句，否定句，条件句中。Eg:I’mafraidyoudarenottodosuchathing.注：Idaresay习惯说成“也许，我想”。Eg:Itwillrainthisafternoon,Idaresay.②实义动词：daretodo,用于肯定句中，当用于否定句或疑问句时，to可以省略。Eg:Thisstudentdoesn’tdaretoraiseanyquestioninclass.8.shall①用于第一人称表示征求意见，询问。Eg:ShallIopenthewindow?Shallwehavelunchhere?②表示说话人的态度，“命令，警告，允诺，威胁”。\nEg:Youshallfinishyourhomeworkfirst.③用于第三人称，在条约，规定，法令等文件中表示义务或规定，“应该，必须”。（不常用）9.should①表示义务，责任“应该”。Eg:Weshouldobeytrafficlaws.②作为shall过去式，用于第一三人称，表示征求意见。Eg:MrLeeaskedifheshouldgethisvisa.③表示“竟然”。Eg:It’sunthinkablethattheboyshouldsingsuchabeautifulsong.④表示说话人的特殊情感，如惊奇，愤怒，失望等。Eg:HowshouldIknow?⑤表示劝告，建议，“应该”。Eg:Youshouldlistentoyourteacher.10.will①用于第二人称表示询问，请求，也可以表达现在的“意愿”。Eg:Willyoupassmethebook?②表示意愿，决定，允诺，用于各种人称。Eg:Iwilltrymybesttohelpyou.③表示规律性的“注定会”。Eg:Peoplewilldiewithoutairorwater.11.would①表示过去的意愿或委婉询问。Eg:Wouldyoutellmethewaytothestation?12.haveto①“必须，不得不”，强调客观需要，含有时态的变化。Eg:I’llhavetoaskJiminstead.②区别：must表示“必须，应该“，主观看法。13.oughtto①表示职责，义务或要求，及人们应该去做的正确的事或好事。Eg:Humansoughttostoppollutingnature.②比should语气强，oughtto反映客观情况，should表示主观看法。③oughttohavedone本应该做而没有做。Eg:Youarelate.Yououghttohavearrivedfiveminutesearlier.14.usedto①表示“过去常常，过去是“\n，没有人称和数的变化，可以和过去的时间状语连用。否定形式：usedn’tto或didn’tuseto,疑问词将use提前或Did…useto…?Eg:Hedidn’tusetobesocareless.②区别would:带有主观性，并且现在做不做不知道。Usedto:客观性，和现在进行对比，过去常常，现在就不怎么做了。Eg:HewouldphonemeonSunday.Eg:IusedtobeveryfondofmusicwhenIwasyoung.③区别：beusedtodoing（情态动词）习惯于…Usedtodo（情态动词）过去是，过去常常…Beusedtodo(过去式)被用来做…Eg:Iamalreadyusedtonoisycitylifehere.MyparentsusedtoliveinSouthAmerica.Thismachineisusedtocutupwastepaper.15.其他：⑴hadbetterdo最好做某事Eg:Youhadbetterstayathome.否定：hadbetternotdo⑵beableto与can表示能力时用法相同，但前者有时态的变化，有能力成功做某事。Eg:Wewillbeabletocomebacknextweek.完形填空Haveyoueverseentheadvertisement:Learnaforeignlanguageinsixweeks, 1 giveyourmoneyback?Ofcourse,it 2 happensquitelikethat.Theonlylanguage 3 tolearnisthemotherlanguage.Andthink 4 practiceisneededforthat.BeforetheSecondWorldWarpeopleusuallylearnedaforeignlanguage5theliterature(文学)ofthecountry.Nowmostpeoplewantto 6 aforeignlanguage.Everyyearmillionsofpeoplestartlearning7.Howdotheydoit?Somepeopletryathome8booksandtapes,othersgotoeveningclassesorwatchTVprograms.9theyusethelanguageonly2or3timesaweek,learningitwill 10 alongtime,likelanguagelearningatschool.Afewpeopletrytolearnalanguagefastbystudyingfor6or 11 hoursaday.It'smucheasiertolearnthelanguageinthecountrywhereit 12 .Butmostpeopleare 13  todothis,andmanypeopledon'thavetodoso.Machinesandgoodbookswillbevery 14 ,buttheycannotdothestudents'work. 15 thelanguageislearnedquicklyorslowly,itishardwork.\n()1.A.soB.orC.andD.but()2.A.can＇t       B.impossible  C.never    D.often()3.A.easily       B.difficult      C.able         D.easy()4.A.howmuch   B.howlong  C.howfast D.howmany()5.A.studied   B.tostudy  C.studying  D.study()6.A.talk    B.tell     C.speak    D.say()7.A.them     B.this  C.that D.it()8.A.without    B.with           C.in           D.by()9.A.If           B.When         C.Since        D.Until()10.A.spend        B.use           C.take         D.cost()11.A.some         B.more        C.other        D.less()12.A.speaks       B.isspeaking  C.spoke        D.isspoken()13.A.able         B.possible      C.unable       D.notpossible()14.A.careful      B.forgetful    C.wonderful    D.helpful()15.A.either       B.whether     C.what       D.how专题练习：一．选择题1.ItisusuallywarminmyhometowninMarch,butit____berathercoldsometimes.A.mustB.canC.shouldD.would2.You______behungryalready----youhadlunchonlytwohoursago!A.wouldn’tB.can’tC.mustn’tD.needn’t3.----Whatdoyouthinkwecandoforouragedparents?----You____doanythingexcepttobewiththemandbeyourself.A.don’thavetoB.oughtn’ttoC.mustn’tD.can’t4.Johnpromisedhisdoctorhe______notsmoke.Andhehasneversmokedeversince.A.mightB.shouldC.couldD.would5.Whatapity!Consideringhisabilityandexperience,he______better.A.needhavedoneB.musthavedoneC.canhavedoneD.mighthavedone6.Liza______wellnotwanttogoonthetrip----shehatestraveling.A.willB.canC.mustD.may7.She______haveleftschool,forherbikeisstillhere.A.can’tB.wouldn’tC.shouldn’tD.needn’t\n8.Accordingtotheairtrafficrules,you_____switchoffyourmobilephonebeforeboarding.A.mayB.canC.wouldD.should9.----Ican’tfindmypurseanywhere.----You______havelostitwhileshopping.A.mayB.canC.shouldD.would10.----I’msorry.I______atyoutheotherday.----Forgetit.Iwasabitoutofcontrolmyself.A.shouldn’tshoutB.shouldn’thaveshoutedC.mustn’tshoutD.mustn’thaveshouted11.----Whatsortofhousedoyouwanttohave?Somethingbig?----Well,it_______bebig----that’snotimportant.A.mustn’tB.needn’tC.can’tD.won’t12.----Whatdoesthesignoverthereread?----“Noperson_______smokeorcarryalightedcigarette,cigarorpipeinthisarea.”A.willB.mayC.shallD.must13.Someaspectsofapilot’sjob______bebring;andpilotsoften_______workatinconvenient.A.can;havetoB.may;canC.haveto;mayD.oughtto;must14.MyMP4playerisn’tinmybag.Where_______Ihaveputit?A.canB.mustC.shouldD.would15.Theweatherturnedouttobefineyesterday,I_____thetroubletocarrymyumbrellawithme.A.shouldhavetakenB.couldhavetakenC.needn’thavetakenD.mustn’thavetaken16.Incrowdedplaceslikeairportsandrailwaystations,you______takecareofyourluggage.A.canB.mayC.mustD.will17.----Shelooksveryhappy.She______havepassedtheexam.----Iguessso.It’snotdifficultafterall.\nA.shouldB.couldC.mustD.might18.Itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel,butperhapsI_______havedrivenherthere.A.couldB.mustC.mightD.should19.----Mr.Gordonaskedmetoremindyouofthemeetingthisafternoon.Don’tforgetit!----OK,I_______.A.won’tB.don’tC.can’tD.needn’t20.----HowisyourtouraroundtheNorthLake?Isitbeautiful?---It_____be,butitisnowheavilypolluted.A.willB.wouldC.shouldD.must21.Thebiggestproblemformostplants,which______justgetupandrunawaywhenthreatened,isthatanimalsliketoeatthem.A.shan’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.mustn’t22.----Whereismydictionary?IrememberIputithereyesterday.----You_______itinthewrongplace.A.mustputB.shouldhaveputC.mightputD.mighthaveput23.----What’sthename?----Khulaifi.______Ispellthatforyou?A.ShallB.WouldC.CanD.Might24.----Whoisthegirlstandingoverthere?---Well,ifyou______know,hernameisMabel.A.mayB.canC.mustD.shall25.Iwasreallyanxiousaboutyou.You_______homewithoutaword.A.mustn’thaveleftB.shouldn’thaveleftC.couldn’thaveleftD.needn’thaveleft26.MysistermethimattheGrandTheatreyesterdayafternoon,sohe_____haveattendedyourlecture.A.couldn’tB.needn’tC.mustn’tD.shouldn’t27.----AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty?----I’mnotsur.I_______gototheconcertinstead.A.mustB.wouldC.shouldD.might28.Johnny,you________playwiththeknife.You________hurtyourself.A.won’t;can’tB.mustn’t;mayC.shouldn’t;mustD.can’t;shouldn’t\n29.You_______paytoomuchattentiontoyourreadingskill,asitissoimportant.A.shouldn’tB.cannotC.mustn’tD.needn’t30.----IsJohncomingbytrain?----Heshould,buthe______not.Helikesdrivinghiscar.A.mustB.mayC.canD.needAnswers：1—5BBADD6—10DADAB11—15BCAACAnswers:16—20CCDAC21—25BDACB26—30ADBBB完形填空1—5BCDAB6—10CDBAC11—15BDCDB您好，欢迎您阅读我的文章，本WORD文档可编辑修改，也可以直接打印。阅读过后，希望您提出保贵的意见或建议。阅读和学习是一种非常好的习惯，坚持下去，让我们共同进步。