初中英语直接引语练习题 4页

直接引语与间接引语专项复习引述别人的话时，一般采用两种方式：一是引用别人的原话，把它放在引号内，称为直接引语；二是用自己的话加以转述，被转述的话不放在引号内，称为间接引语。间接引语在大多数情况下是一个宾语从语。直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。1.直接引语是陈述句变为间接引语的方法如果直接引语是陈述句，在变为间接引语时，由连词that引导（that可省略）。主句中如果有saytosomebody（对某人说），通常变为tellsomebody（告诉某人）。Hesaid,“Igetonwellwithpeoplehere.”→Hesaidthathegotonwellwithpeoplethere.Susansaid,“Wecanfinishtheworktomorrow.”→Susansaidthattheycouldfinishtheworkthenextday.Johnsaidtome,“Itoldherallaboutitthreedaysago.”→Johntoldmethathehadtoldherallaboutitthreedaysbefore.【注意】如果直接引语是两个并列的陈述句，变为间接引语时，第一个宾语从句前的that有时可省略，但第二个宾语从句前的that不可省略。Hesaid,“IlikeswimmingandIwanttogoswimmingwithyou.”→Hesaid(that)helikedswimmingandthathewantedtogoswimmingwithus.2.直接引语是一般疑问句变为间接引语的方法直接引语如果是一般疑问句，变为间接引语时，要用连词whether或if引导，同时把原来的疑问句语序变为陈述句语序。主句中的谓语动词是said时，要改为asked，没有间接宾语时，还可根据具体情况加一个间接宾语，如me,us,him等。Theteachersaid,“Willyoubebacktoday?”→Theteacherasked(him)if/whetherhewouldbebackthatday.Heasked,“Hasthebellrung?”→Heaskedif/whetherthebellhadrung.“Shall(Should)Itellheryourtelephonenumber?”heaskedme.（表示询问、征求意见）→Hewantedtoknowif/whetherheshouldtellhermytelephonenumber.【注意】“Wouldyouliketo...?”和“Wouldyouplease...?”表示的是请求，变为间接引语时，常用动词不定式形式。“Wouldyouliketohelpmewithmylessons?”sheaskedme.→Sheaskedmetohelpherwithherlessons.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句变为间接引语的方法直接引语如果是特殊疑问句（即what,which,who,whom,whose,how,why,when,where,howmany,howlong等引导的疑问句），变为间接引语时，仍用原来的疑问词引导，但要把原来的疑问句语序改为陈述句语序。Heasked,“Whocancarrythebox?”→Heaskedwhocouldcarrythebox.(who作主语，语序不变)Heasked,“Whoisthemannearthewindow?”→Heaskedwhothemannearthewindowwas.（who作表语，要改为陈述句语序）“Whichonedoyoulikebesthere?”heaskedher.→Heaskedherwhichoneshelikedbestthere.“Howshall(should)Ireadthebook?”sheasked.（表示征询意见）→Shewantedtoknowhowsheshouldreadthebook.\n4.直接引语是祈使句变为间接引语时,要将祈使句的动词原形变为带to的不定式,并在不定式的前面根据语气需要使用ask,tell,order等动词,其句型是:ask/tell/ordersomeonetodosth.“SpeakEnglishmoreofteninandoutofclass,”ourEnglishteachersaidtous.→OurEnglishteachertold/askedustospeakEnglishmoreofteninandoutofclass.或者改成：OurEnglishteachersuggestedthatwe(should)speakEnglishmoreofteninandoutofclass.“Don’tplayfootballonthestreet,littleboys.”,thepolicemansaid.→Thepolicemantoldthelittleboysnottoplayfootballonthestreet.（注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。）　　Myteacheraskedme,"Don'tlaugh."→　　Myteacheraskedmenottolaugh.　　“Wouldyoupleasedomethefavortocarrytheboxupstairs?”theyoungwomansaidtome.→Theyoungwomanaskedmetocarrytheboxupstairsforher.　　5.一些注意事项　　(1)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：　　Theytoldtheirson,"Theearthgoesroundthesun."→　　Theytoldtheirsonthattheearthgoesroundthesun.　　(2)直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。如：this/that→these/those,now→then,today→thatday,yesterday→thedaybefore,lastyear→theyearbefore,ago→before,here→there等。例如：　　Hesaid,"Ihaven'tseenhertoday."→　　Hesaidthathehadn'tseenherthatday.　　注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。　　(3)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：　　HeaskedLucy,"Wheredidyougo?"→　　HeaskedLucywhereshewent.　　Tomsaid,"Whatdoyouwant,Ann?"→　　TomaskedAnnwhatshewanted.一．直接引语与间接引语练习将下列各句变为间接引语1.Hetoldme“Ourteacherasksyoutogototheofficeatonce”2.Hesaid,“Icleanedtheclassroomthismorning”3.Theysaid,“wehaveseenthefilm.”4.Hesaidtotheboy“Don’tdrawonthewall”5.MrBlacktoldJane“Cometoschoolontimetomorrow”6.Heaskedthepoliceman“HowcanIgetthere.”二．将下列句中的间接引语变为直接引语1.Thenursetoldthechildrennottogothere.2.TheyaskedMiketogivethematalk3.Thefarmeraskedusifwecoulddoit.4.HeaskedmewhereIlived\n5.Thedoctoraskedhimhowhewasfeeling.三．单选1．Doyouknow______we’llgetthereat3:00thisafternoon?I’mafraidwe’llbelate.A.thatB.howCwhyD.whether.2.Ididn’tknow_____theycouldpasstheexamornot.A.ThatB.whatC.whichD.whether.3.Theteacheraskedme________Ihadn’tdonemyhomework.A.howBWhatCWhyDif.4.Nobodyknows_____hewasafterhegraduatedfromBeijingUniversity.A.WhatBwhoCwhereDhow.5.Don’tloseheart!I’msureyoucanget______throughhardwork.AWhatyouwantB.WhyyouwantC.WhereyouwantD.howyouwant.6.Ididn’theard_________yousaid.A.thatBwhatC.whereDhow7.DOyouwanttoknow______inthefuture?AspecialmirrorinvitedbytheFrancescientistscanhelpyou.A.WhatyouwilllooklikeBwhatwillyoulooklike.C.howdoyoulooklikeDhowyoulooklike.8.Canyousee________?No.Let’sgoandhavealook.Maybewecanhelpthem.A.WhatwashappeningthereB.Whataretheydoingthere.C.whataretheytalkingthereD.Whatishappeningthere.9.Mike,goandseewho_______footballontheplayground.A.isplayingB.playsCplayedDwereplaying.10.Couldyoutellme________tomorrowmorning?Well,itwillstartat9:00o’clock.A.whenthemeetingwillstartB.wherewillthemeetingstartsC.wherethemeetingstartsD.Whenthemeetingwouldstart.11.WillMr.Blackbeheresoon?I’mnotsure.Let’sgoandsee_______A.whenwillthetrainarriveB.whenthetrainarrivesc.WhenthetrainarrivedDthetrainwhenwillarrive.12.Wedon’tknowwhenshe_______Hewillcalluswhenshe______A.willcome,comeB.comes,willcomeC.willcome,willcomeD.comes,comes13.Whendoyouthink_____visitheruncle.?A.ShewasgoingtoBshewillgotoC.willshegoDwillshegoto.14.xiaohuatoldusshe_______afilmwithhermotherthenextday.AwouldseeBwillwatchC.wouldhavealookatDwillsee.15.Couldyoutellme________?Yes,they______tothelibrary.A.wherearethetwins,havebeen.B.wherethetwinsare,,havegonec.wherethetwinswere,havegoneD.Wherethetwinsare,havebeen.16.couldyoupleasetellme______?\nGoupstairsandturnleft.A.Whatistheteacher’sofficeB.whattheteacher’sofficeisC.whereistheteacher’soffice.D.Wheretheteacher’sofficeis.17.Oh,sorry,I’mlate.Icouldn’tremember________That’salright.Comeon.A.WhereisyourhouseB.whereyourhouseisCWherewasyourhouseDwhereyourhousewas18.couldyoutellme____togotoHainanbyair?Justaminute,please.Ihavetocheckmycomputer.AhoemuchdoesitcostB.howmuchdiditcostC.howmuchitcostD.howmuchitcosts19.Doyouknow_______?Yes.Hecamehereforhissportsshoes.A.WhydidhecomehereB.whenhecamehere.C.WhyhecamehereDwhendidhecome.20.Doyouknow_____A.ifitwillbefinetomorrowB.wheredidtheyseeherC.whenshallwehaveapicnic.D.whichwouldyoulike.