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  • 2022-09-08 发布

初中英语状语从句及练习题

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中考英语状语从句状语从句的分类一、时间状语从句时间状语从句表示时间,引导词有:when,while,as,till,untilbefore,after,since等。时间状语从句的引导词所表示的意思不尽相同,要注意把握不同引导词所表示的不同时间关系,以及它在具体句子中对应的时态、语态等问题。注意:as(在……时候,因为),since(自从,因为),它们可以引导时间从句,并强调主句和从句的动作同事发生。并且while有时还可以表示对比。例如:(1)Whilemymotherwasreadingthenewspaper,IwaswatchingTV.(read是延续性的动词,read和watch同事发生)Ilikeplayingfootballwhileyoulikeplayingbasketball.我喜欢踢足球,而你喜欢打篮球。(对比)(2)when(当……的时候),引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性动词,也可以是瞬间动词。从句动作可与主语动作同事发生,也可在其后发生。Iwasreadingabookwhenshecameintomyroom.(come是瞬间动词,只能用when引导,不能用while)Ioftenmissedmyhomewhen(while)IlivedinNewYork.(live是延续性动词,when可用while代替)(3)when和while的区别还在于:while引导的时间状语从句多用于进行时态,而when引导的时间状语从句多用于一般时态。Whiletheyweretalking,thebellrang.正在他们谈话的时候,上课铃响了。(4)as译作“一边……一边”、“随着……”,侧重主句和从句的动作同时发生。有时可与when,while通用。Wealwayssingaswewalk.我们总是边走边唱。(as表示“一边……一边”)Asyougrow,youwillknowmoreandmore。随着年龄的增长,你会懂得越来越多。2.till或until引导的时间状语从句till,until(直到……才):一般情况下两者可以互换,但是在强调句型中多用until。till不可以在句首,而until可以放在句首。注意:如果主句中的的谓语动词是瞬间动词时,必须用否定形式;如果主句中的谓语动词是延续性动词时,用肯定或否定形式都可以,但表达的意思不同。例如:Ididn’tgotobeduntil(till)myfathercameback.直到我父亲回来我才上床睡觉。(gotobed是瞬间动词,主句用否定形式)Italkeduntilhecameback.我工作到他回来为止Ididn'tworkuntilhecameback.他回来我这才开始工作PleasewaituntilIarrived.在我到达之前等我。3.since引导的时间状语从句第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句Since(自从):引导的从句的谓语动词可以是延续性的动词,也可以是瞬时动词。一般情况下,从句谓语动词用一般过去时,而主句的谓语动作用现在完成时。但在Itis+时间+since从句的句型中,主句多用一般现在时。例如:IhavebeeninBeijingsinceyouleft.自从你离开以来,我一直在北京。WherehaveyoubeensinceIlastsawyou?自上次我和你见面以后,你到哪里去了?ItisfivemonthssinceourbosswasinBeijing.我们老板离开北京有五个月了。4.由before和after引导的时间状语从句注意:(1)before(在……之前):引导的从句不再用否定的谓语。(2)当主句用将来时,从句总是用现在时;如果before引导的从句谓语用的是过去时。则主句动词多用过去完成时,这样以便体现动作发生的先后。(3)after(在……之后):表示主句动作发生在从句动作之后。如果主句用的是过去时,则从句多用过去完成时。例如:Itwillbefourdaysbeforetheycomeback.他们要过四天才能回来MyfatherhadleftforCanadajustbeforetheletterarrived.我父亲恰好在信到之前去加拿大了。Afterwehadfinishedthework,wewenthome.完成工作之后,我们回家了(从句用过去完成时,主句用一般过去时)5.由assoonas,immediately,directly,instantly,themoment,theinstant,theminute,等引导的时间状语从句:这些连词都表示“一……就”。例如:IwillgotheredirectlyIhavefinishedmybreakfast.吃完早饭,我立即到那里去。ThemomentIheardthenews,Iwenttotheschool.我一听到消息,马上赶到了学校。AssoonasIreachCanada,Iwillringyouup.我一到加拿大,就给你来电话。注意hardly(scarcely,rarely)……when,before,nosooner…than相当于assoonas之意。主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时态。当hardly,scarcely,rarely和nosooner位于句首时,主句应用倒装语序。例如:HardlyhadIsatdownwhenhesteppedin,我刚坐下,他就进来了。二、原因状语从句原因状语从句表原因,常见的引导词有:because(因为),since(既然),as(既然),for(因为)1.becausey引导的原因状语从句一般放于主句之后,because表示直接原因,语气最强,回答why引导的疑问句必须使用because。IdoitbecauseIlikeit..——Whydidn’thecomeyesterday?——Becausehehadsomethingimportanttodo.第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句注意“not……because”结构中的not否定的是because引导的整个从句,例如:Thecountryisnotstrongbecauseitislarge.国强不在大.2.Since引导的原因状语从句一般位于主句之前,表示已知的、显然的理由。通常被翻译成“既然”,较为正式,语气比because弱。。Sinceyouarefreetoday,youhadbetterhelpmewithmymathematics,既然今天你休息,你最好帮我补习数学。3.as引导原因状语从句时表示附带说明的“双方已知的原因”,语气比since弱,较正式,位置较灵活,常放于主句之前。Asitisraining,you’dbettertakeataxi,既然在下雨,你最好乘出租汽车。4.for引导的原因状语从句并不说明主句行为发生的直接原因,只提供一些辅助性的补充说明,for引导的原因状语从句只能放于主句之后并且必须用逗号将其与主句隔开。Hecouldnothaveseenme,forIwasnotthere.他不可能见过我,因为我不在那里。三、条件状语从句引导条件句常用的连词有if(如果),unless(如果不,除非)等,条件状语从句和时间状语从句一样,表示将来要用一般现在时态。Wewon’tletyouinunlessyoushowyourpass.Ifyoufailagainthistime,whatwillyoudo?(1)if引导的条件状语从句表示将来时,要用一般现在时代替,主句仍使用一般将来时态。(2)将if引导的宾语从句和状语从句进行混淆考查,宾语从句中的if表示“是否”,可以使用一般将来时。四、让步状语从句让步状语从句表示“虽然,即使,尽管”。引导词有although,though,eventhough,evenif都表示“虽然,即使,尽管”之意。主句中不能用but,但可用yet、Though和although语气较弱(其中的though比although通俗,不如although正式),evenif和eventhough带有强调意味而显得语气更强。例如:Althoughtheyarepoor,theyarehappyyet.虽然他们很穷,但很快乐Thearticleisveryimportantthoughitisshort.那篇文章虽然很短,但很重要。Eventhoughitwasraining,shewalkedtowork.即使下雨,她也是走着去工作的。I’llvisithimthiseveningevenifIcanstayonlyafewminutes.今晚我将去拜访他,即使我只能停留一小会儿。注意though引导的让步状语从句的用法比较特殊,它可以倒装,也可以不倒装。五、地点状语从句地点状语从句常由where和wherever引导,通常可置于主句之前或之后。如:Weshouldgowhere(ver)wearemostneeded,我们要去最需要我们的地方。第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.有志者,事竟成。六、目的状语从句目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导,所引导的从句通常放在主句后面。目的状语从句中的谓语常含有may(might),can(could),shall,will等情态动词。如:Healwaystakesaseatinthefirstrowsothat/inorderthathecanhearbetter.=Inorderthathecanhearbetter,healwaystakesaseatinthefirstrow.为了听得更清楚,他总是坐前排的座位。七、结果状语从句结果状语从句常由sothat,so…that,such…that等引导,放在主句之后,so…that与such…that句型在一定条件下可转换。如:Hemadesuchanexcellentspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.=Hemadesoexcellentaspeechthateveryoneadmiredhim.他的演讲如此精彩以至于每个人都很钦佩他。注意sothat引导结果状语从句和目的状语从句的辨别sothat从句之前有个逗号的常为结果状语从句,因表示某一行为带来的结果,从句中的时态常为过去式;sothat从句中有may(might),can(could),should,will等情态动词的通常是目的状语从句。如:Iwroteasclearlyaspossible,sothatIgothighmarks.(目的)我尽可能地写清楚些,这样可以得高分。Hewenttothelectureearlysothathecouldgetagoodseat.(目的)他很早就去听报告了,以便可以找到一个好座位。Hewenttothelectureearly,sothathegotagoodseat.(结果)他很早就去听报告了,这样他就找到一个好座位。八、比较状语从句1.比较状语从句常由as…as,notso(as),than引导。比较从句部分常为省略句。如:Hisbrotherisashandsomeashe(is)/him.(非正式英语中可用宾格him)他弟弟和他一样英俊。Heswimsfasterthananyotherstudentinhisclass(does).他比班上其他任何人都游得快。2.通常把themore…themore…结构也归为比较从句,意为:“越…越”。如:Theharderyouwork,thegreaterprogressyou’llmake.你越努力学习,就会取得越大的进步。Thelesssheworried,thebettersheworked.她担心得越少,就工作得越好。九、方式状语从句第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句1.方式状语从句常由(just)as(像…),asif/though(好像)引导,表示动作的方式。如:Doexactlyasthedoctorsays.一定要按照大夫的话去做。Hewalkedslowlyasif/thoughhehadhurthisleg.他慢慢地走着,仿佛是腿受了伤。注:在非正式问题中有时会用like代替as引导方式从句。2.asif/though引导的状语从句,若描述非事实情况,常用虚拟语气,若描述的是实际情况,用陈述语气。如:Shetreatstheorphanasif/thoughhewasherownchild.她对待孤儿就像是她自己的孩子一样。(他是孤儿,当然就不是她亲生孩子,故用虚拟语气。)Itlooksasif/thoughit’sgoingtorain.看起来天像是要下雨了。(本句用的是陈述语气,说明天真象是要下雨了。)实战演练(2×50)计分:1.Idon’tknowifittomorrow,ifit,wewon’tgoonapicnic.A.rains;rainsB.willrain;rainsC.willrain;willrain2.Wecan’tgotothezoo___theweatherisfinetomorrow.A.unlessB.ifC.because3.Justworkhard,____yourdreamwillcometrue.A.butB.andC.or4.Don’tcrossthestreet____thetrafficlightsaregreen.A.afterB.untilC.when5.____theymaynotsucceed,theywilltrytheirbest.A.ThoughB.BecauseC.Unless6.Wewillhavenowatertodinkwedon’tprotecttheearth..A.untilB.beforeC.if7.Luckily,allthestudentsgotoutoftheteachingbuildingiffelldown.A.untilB.beforeC.after8.Mygrandmadidn’tgosleepIgotbackhome.A.whereB.untilC.assoonas9.UncleWanggaveallhissavingstotheHopeSchool______hehimselfwasnotrich.第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句     A.because                B.asif                  C.though     10.You’lldobetteryouaremorecarefulwithyourspelling.A.ifB.beforeC.although11.Thesportsmeetingwillcontinueitrainsthisafternoon.A.ifB.sinceC.unless12.I’llgiveherthemessageshecomesback.A.tillB.beforeC.assoonas13.Jimisgoingtobeadoctorwhenhe_______.        A.willgrowup         B.growsup               C.growup   14.—Didyoucatchwhattheteachersaid?—No.ShespokesofastIcouldn’thearherveryclearly.A.whichB.thatC.when15.Theteacherspeaksveryloudlyallthestudentscanhearher.A.sothatB.becauseC.since16.Studyhard,_______youwillcatchupwithyourclassmates.A.andB.orC.but17.Severaldayshaspassed_________theterribleearthquakehappenedinJapan.A.afterB.sinceC.as18.It’srainingoutside.Don’tleave_______itstops.A.WhenB.sinceC.until19._________it’sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue,butshenevergivesup.A.ThoughB./C.Because20.____yougototheparty,youwillhaveagoodtime.A.IfB.ThoughC.Because21.---IsWuDongatschooltoday?----No,heisathome____hehasabadcold.A.WhenB.ThoughC.Because22.Therearemanybooksonmathinthebookshopthathecan’tdecidewhichtochoose.A.soB.tooC.such23.Hegotupearlyhecouldgettoschoolontime第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句A.eventhoughB.asifC.sothat24.Sheisshortshecan’treachthebuttonsoftheliftA.so,thatB.such,thatC.too,to25.---Mum,whatdidthedoctorsay?---Heaskedmetolive____theairisfresher.A.whereB.whenC.because26.Thepianointheothershopwillbe____,but____.A.cheaper;notasbetterB.morecheap;notasbetterC.cheaper;notasgood27.Allofushaven’tseenMikeheleftourcity.A.whenB.untilC.since28.theyarepoor,yettheyareveryhonest.A.BecauseB.AlthoughC.When29.---Whatwasthepartylike?---Wonderful.It’syears__________Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.A.afterB.beforeC.since30.Whydoyouwantanewjob__________yougotsuchagoodonealready?A.thatB.whereC.when31.Youwillbelate______________youleaveimmediately.A.unlessB.untilC.if32.Wewon’tgiveup______________wemayfailtentimes.A.evenifB.sinceC.whether33.Thenewsecretaryissupposedtoreporttothemanagerassoonasshe_________.A.willarriveB.arrivesC.isarriving34.Thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffifit_______________.A.willrainB.rainsC.rained35.Itrained___heavilythattheydidn’tcome.A.asB.tooC.so36.IoftenvisitedTian’anMenSquare____________IwasstayinginBeijing.A.untilB.duringC.while第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句37.HealwaysthinksI’mwrong,_____________Imaysay.A.nomatterwhateverB.whateverC.what38.__________therainhasstopped,let’scontinuetowork.A.BecauseB.IfC.That39.Theywaited__________itwasdarkA.untilBforC.because40.Youwillcatchacold_____________putonmoreclothes.A.ifyoudon’tB.ifyouwillnotC.untilyou41.Wehadhardlygottothestation__________itbegannorain.A.untilB.sinceCwhen42.Theyweresurprisedthatachildshouldworkouttheproblem__theythemselvescouldn’t.A.onceB.thenC.while43.MynameisRobert,___________mostofmyfriendscallmeBobforshort.A.thenB.insteadC.however44.Hurryup,_______youwillbelate.A.andB.orC.but45.Severaldayshaspassed_________theterribleearthquakehappenedinJapan.A.afterB.sinceC.as46._________heisyoung,heknowsalot.A.ThoughB./C.Because47.Myfriendsalwaysgoshoppingwhen_____.A.itissunnyB.itwillbesunnyC.itisraining48.Wearenotsureifthebus_____ontime.Ifit_____ontime,wewilltakeataxi.A.comes;doesn’tcomeB.willcome;won’tcomeC.willcome;doesn’tcome49.Lucycametothelibraryearly_____sheborrowedherfavoritebook.A.sinceB.forC.sothat50.Wecouldn’tgettoschoolontime____itwasrainingheavily.A.becauseofB.becauseC.though第9页共9页\n中考英语状语从句参考答案1—5BABBA6—10CBBCA11—15CCBBA16—20ABCBA21-25CACAA26—30CCBCC31—35AABBC36—40CBAAA41—45CCCBC46—50AACCB第9页共9页

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