初中课件-现在完成时讲解-对比-练习 25页

1、现在完成时不可与表示特定过去时间的副词连用。e.g.1、I(leave)Shanghaifor3daysago.IShanghaifor3days.2、Tom(catch)acoldyesterday.Tomfor3days.2、过去时只限于表示过去的动作本身，与现在的结果无关。e.g.Whendidhecome?Whenhashecome?3、现在完成时不与疑问副词when连用，而一般过去时则可以。e.g.Hehasboughtahouse.Heboughtahousefiveago.(√)(×)如：ago,lastweek,then,yesterday,justnow,amomentago等.现在完成时VS一般过去时\n现在完成时（三）现在完成时构成用法常用状语have+动词过去分词has+动词过去分词表示某一动作或状态从过去某一时间一直持续到现在for+一段时间since+过去某一时间\n现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)1.表示刚刚结束的动作,常和already,just,yet,now,notyet等连用.2.表示过去发生的动作对目前所造成的影响.3.表示经验经历,常和ever,never,often,always,once,twice,threetimes,before等连用.\n现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)4.表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态,常和since+过去时,for+时间段,recently,lately,thesedays,thisweek,inthepastfewdays,duringthelasttwoweeks,sofar,uptonow,untilnow等连用.例如:They’veknowneachothersince1995.(2)TonyhasstudiedChineseforayear.\n现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)5.区别:have/hasbeento表示去过某地,已经回来;have/hasgoneto表示去了某地,还未回来.例如:BettyhasbeentoChina.SheknowsalotaboutChineseculture.---Where’sMrYu?---HehasgonetoBeijing.Hewillbebackinaweek.\n现在完成时(have/has+v-ed)6.注意:当现在完成时跟表示持续的时间状语连用时,不能使用终止性动词.(1)Tomhascomefortwohours.(×)(2)Tomhasbeenherefortwohours.(√)下面我们来看看，如何把终止性动词转换成延续性动词.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词becomebebuyhaveborrowkeepcatchacoldhaveacoldgettoknowknowputonwearleavebeawaydiebedeadarrivein/atbein/atcometobein/atjoinbeamemberof/beinstartbeonfinishbeover\nhavebought-------havehadhaveleft------havebeenawayfromhaveborrowed-------havekepthavejoined------havebeeninhavecometo/gotto/reached/arrived(in/at)/movedto----havebeen(in)/havestayed(in/at)延续性动词---非延续性动词现在完成进行时表示过去已经开始，一直持续到现在的动作或状态。因为表示的是持续的动作或状态，所以使用的动词通常是延续性动词,时间状语通常由for或since引导.(非延续性动词不能直接和for或since连用)\n短暂性动词转延续性动词：borrowdiemarrycomebegintodobecomeclosekeepbedeadbemarriedbeheredobebeclosed\n短暂性动词转延续性动词：beginbuyfinishgoleavejoinopenbeonhavebeoverbetherebeawayfrombeinbeopen\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Ibecameateacherin2001.Ibecameateacher7yearsago.Ihavebeenateachersince2001.Ihavebeenateacherfor7years.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Heboughtacomputerlastweek.Hehashadacomputersincelastweek.Hehashadacomputerforaweek.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词SheborrowedabookinJuly.Sheborrowedabooktwomonthsago..ShehaskeptthebooksinceJuly.Shehaskeptthebookfortwomonths\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Tomcaughtacoldyesterday.Tomhashadacoldsinceyesterday.Tomhashadacoldforaday.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词BettygottoknowTonyin2001.BettymetTonyin2001..BettyhasknownTonysince2001.BettyhasknownTonyfor7years\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Mybrotherputonhisglasseswhenhereadnewspapers.Mybrotherhaswornglassessince2005.Mybrotherhaswornglassesfor3years.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词TheyleftthespacestationlastMonday.TheyhavebeenawayfromthespacestationsincelastMonday.Theyhavebeenawayfromthespacestationfortwodays.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Hisgrandfatherdiedin2004.Hisgrandfatherdiedfouryearsago.Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadsince2004.Hisgrandfatherhasbeendeadforfouryears.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词TheorchestraarrivedinDalianlastweek.TheorchestraarrivedinDalianaweekago.TheorchestrahasbeeninDaliansincelastweek.TheorchestrahasbeeninDalianforaweek.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词HisparentscametoChinalastmonth.HisparentshavebeeninChinasincelastmonth.HisparentshavebeeninChinaforamonth.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Charliejoinedthearmyin2006.Charliehasbeeninthearmysince2006.Charliehasbeenasoldierfortwoyears.CharliejoinedtheLeaguein2006.CharliehasbeenintheLeaguesince2006.CharliehasbeenamemberoftheLeaguefortwoyears.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Thefilmstartedat7o’clock.Thefilmhasbeenonsince7o’clock.Thefilmhasbeenonforhalfanhour.\n终止性动词转换成延续性动词Thefootballmathfinishedat5.Thefootballmathhasbeenoversince5o’clock.Thefootballmathhasbeenoverfor20minutes.\nIhaveboughtthisbikefor2years.2.Hehasborrowedthisbookfor3days.3.Shehasgotheresince10o’clock.4.Theyhavelefttheirhometownsince2000.5.Wehavecometothecityforaweek.6.LiQianghasjoinedthearmysincehewas18yearsold.Ihavehadthisbikefor2years.Hehaskeptthisbookfor3days.Shehasbeenheresince10o’clock.Theyhavebeenawayfromtheirhometownsince2000.Wehavebeeninthecityforaweek.LiQianghasbeeninthearmysincehewas18yearsold.\nLet'sreview!单项选择。I____________ateacherfortenyears.A.amB.havebeenC.be2.I____________thelastpageofthebooklastnight.A.readB.havereadC.amreading3.He__________theArmyin1999.A.hasjoinedB.joinsC.joined4.ProjectHope_________2,000,000peoplesince1989.A.trainedB.hastrainedC.train5.MaryandJack_______eachotherfornearly12years.A.knowB.knewC.haveknown6.It’simportantforme_______agoodmarkintheexam.A.togetB.getC.getting