初中英语名词专项练习题(20190412102958) 8页

...名词专项练习和讲解一．可数名词（1）规则变化:①一般在单数名词词尾加-s。如：map→maps,boy→boys,horse→horses,table→tables.②以s,x,ch，sh结尾的词加-es.如：class→classes,b→oxboxes,watch→watches,d→ishdishes.③以o结尾的名词,有生命的加-es,如：tomato→tomatoespotato→potatoheesr,o→heroes;无生命的加-s如：photo→photos,piano→pianos.【快速记忆：词尾字母若是o，常用三个已足够，要加-es请记好，hero,tomato,potato。(英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿)。】④以辅音字母加y结尾的名词,变y为i,再加es。如：family→families,city→cities；⑤以f或fe结尾的名词,变f或fe为v,再加es。如：wolf→wolves,life→lives,knife→knives.★以-f或-fe结尾的名词，单数变为复数时，大多将-f或-fe变为-ves,常见的有：“小偷(thief)的妻子(wife)用小刀(knife)和树叶(leaf)把狼(wolf)放在架子(shelf)上，劈成了两半(half),结束了它的生命(life)。”★以-f或-fe结尾的名词,直接在词尾加-s的有：海湾(gulfgulfs)农奴(serfserfs)信(beliefbeliefs)酋长(chiefchiefs)，悬崖(cliffcliffs)证据(proofproofs)上顶房)即房顶、屋顶roofroofs)（2）不规则变化变元音字母：man-men;woman-women;goose-geese;foot-feet;tooth-teeth;mouse-mice单复数同行：fish;deer;sheep特殊：child-childrenthis---these(这些)that--those(那些)国人：ChineseJapanese；Englishman-Englishmen;Frenchman-Frenchmen;German-Germans变中心词：lookers-on(旁观者)；brothers-in-law(n.姐/妹夫)passers-by(过路人，行人)没有中心词的在词尾加s。如：go-betweens(媒人)；grown-ups(成人)；1...\n...以man或woman+n.构成的复合词,两个名词都变复数.如:mendrivers;womendoctors二.不可数名词一般没有复数形式,说明其数量时,要用有关计量名词。量化单位通常有pair,piece,cup,bottle,glass,box,bag等等。如：abagofrice→twobagsofrice,apieceofpaper→threepiecesofpaper,abottleofmilkbottlesofmilk.三.在汉语中属于可数范畴，但在英语中为不可数名词的某些词advice:忠告bread:面包chocolate:巧克力equipment:设备damage:损坏food:食物information:消息furniture:家具knowledge:知识homework:作业housework:家务water:水paper:纸progress:进步rice:米population:人口milk:牛奶四.有些名词虽然形式上是单数，但只看成复数mankind人类people人民police警察五.多数集合名词，即可看作单数（作为一个整体），做主语时，谓语动词要用单数。也可看作复数（表示集体中的各个成员），做主语时，谓语动词用复数。army军队family家group小组eg:1.Herfamilywaswellknownintheregion.她家在该地区是名门望族。2.Hisfamilyallworkinthecity.他的家人都在这个城市上班。3.Thefamilyisnotlarge.这个家庭不大。（指家庭这个整体）4.Thefamilyareallmusiclovers.这家人都是音乐爱好者。（指家庭成员）六.表示时间、距离、金钱、度量的名词可以与数词一起组成定语的复合结构，中间用连字符号连接，并且名词只能用单数形式。athree-yearstudy一项为期三年的研究aten-dollarbill一张十美元的钞票七.名词所有格名词所有格表示所属关系,(相当于汉语“⋯的”在),句中作定语、宾语或主语。其构成法如下：(1)表示人或其它有生命的东西的名词常在词尾加's。如：Children'sDay(儿童节),mysister'sbook(我姐姐的书)(2)以s或es结尾的复数名词,只在词尾加“'”即可。如：Teachers'Day;hisparents'room(3)在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现其它所修饰的词如：thebarber's理发店thedoctor's（候诊室）(4)如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示“分别有”；只有一个's，则表示“共有”。如：John'sandMary'sroom（两间）JohnandMary'sroom（一间）(5)复合名词或短语，'s加在最后一个词的词尾。如：amonthortwo'svacation(6双重所有格：①of+名词性物主代词②of+名词's如：afriendofmine(我的一位朋友),afriendofmyfather's(我父亲的一位朋友)(7)无论表示有生命还是无生命的东西的名词,一般均可用介词of短语来表示所属关系。如：agooddaughteroftheParty(党的好女儿);thetitleofthesong(歌名);thecoverofthebook(书的封面)。(8)有些表示时间、距离以及世界、国家、城镇等无生命的名词,也可在词尾加's.如：today'snewspaper(今天的报纸),tenminutes'walk(十分钟的路程),China'spopulation(中国的人口).2...\n...一．可数名词的复数规则变化2.map__________girl__________pen__________bag_____car__________3.bus__________brush__________watch__________box__________4.baby__________city__________country__________5.hero__________potato__________zoo_________tomato_________photo__________6.knife__________leaf_______wolf________wife__________life__________7.child__________foot__________tooth__________mouse__________man__________8.German__________Englishman__________Chinese_________9.deer__________sheep__________yuan__________中等题1.Therearetwo__________overthere.(watch)2.Iliketaking__________.(photo)3.lcanseea__________andtwo__________standingthere.(man,woman)4.Therearetwobasketsof__________onthefloor.(apple)5.Lookatthose__________.(child)6.Hedoesn'tlikethese__________.(glass)7.Howmany__________canyousee?(radio)8.Therearemoreandmore__________driversinShanghainow.(woman)9.Givemesome__________,please.(water)含性别的复合名词1.Therearetwenty__________inourhospital.A.womandoctorsB.womendoctorC.womendoctorsD.womandoctor2.__________areusuallycarefulindoingexercises.A.GirlstudentsB.GirlsstudentsC.Girls’studentsD.Girl’sstudents可数名词复数不规则变化1.----Whatarethese?--Theyare__________.A.deersB.radiosC.RadioesD.tomatos2.Howmany__________arethereinthese__________?A.tomatos,photosB.tomatoes,photosC.tomatoes,photoesD.potatos,photoes3.Mr.Chenhastwo__________.A.toothsB.teethC.teethsD.toothes4.Hereare__________foryou,Sue.A.potatosB.somepotatoesC.threetomatosD.sometomato5.Thenthe__________begantoeatthegreen__________ofyoungtrees.A.deer,leafsB.deer,leavesC.deer,leafD.deers,leafs国人复数变化专项1.Imetsome__________intheparkandtalkedwiththemtheotherday.A.JapaneseB.AmericanC.ChinesesD.English3...\n...2.---Excuseme,areyou__________?---Yes,I’mfrom__________.A.Japan,JapaneseB.China,ChineseC.England,EnglishD.American,America3.Agroupof__________aretalkingwithtwo__________overthere.A.Frenchmen,GermansB.Frenchmen,GermenC.Frenchmen,GermanD.Frenchmanes,Germans4.Yesterdayafew__________cametovisitsome__________inShantou.A.German,placesofinterestB.Germans,placesofinterestsC.Germans,placesofinterestD.Germen,placesofinterest。5.Two__________andfive__________arestudyingChineseatBeijingUniversity.A.German,EnglishB.Germans,EnglishC.Germans,EnglishmenD.Germen,Englishmen复合名词1.Thedeliciousdishesarecookedby__________.A.womencookersB.womencooksC.womancooksD.womancookers2.Juliewenttothe__________tobuyapairofshoes.A.shoesstoreB.shoe’sstoreC.shoestoreD.shoes’store简单题1.Aftermovingtotheirnewhouse,theLeesboughtsome______inthemallnearby.(08上海)A.furnitureB.chairC.tableD.shelf2.Wehaven’tgotmuch__________forourpicnic.Willyougoandgetsome?(07上海)A.appleB.tomatoC.breadD.biscuit3.Heknows__________Chineseandhas__________Chinesefriends.A.much,manyB.many,muchC.much,muchD.many,many4.I’mthirsty.IthinkI’llbuysome__________.A.waterB.breadC.eggsD.apples5.---Wouldyoulikesome__________?--Oh,yes,just（只）alittle.A.pearsB.orangesC.milkD.grapes6.Look!Therearesome__________onthefloor.AchildBboxesCwaterDgirl7.Therearemany__________inthefridge.A.fishB.fruitC.eggsD.bread8.Don’thurry!Westillhave__________timeleft.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew中等题1.Takesome__________toschool.It’ssohotandyoumayfeelthirsty.A.meatB.breadC.juiceD.orange2.Weseemany__________and__________onthehill.A.horses;sheepsB.horse;sheepC.horses;sheepD.horse,sheeps1.---CouldIhavesomethingtoeat?---Sure.Here’ssome.4...\n...A.chickenB.tomatoesC.orangeD.Potato2.Thereare__________studentsplayingintheplayground.A.agreatdealofB.alargeamountofC.alargequantityofD.anumberof3.Thereis__________milkand__________applesinthefridge.Let’sgetsome.A.little,afewB.little,fewC.alittle.fewD.few.alittle不可数名词简单题1.I’veread__________sportsnewsabouttheF1racetoday.A.twoB.piecesC.twopiecesD.twopiecesof2.Myteachergameme__________.A.agoodadviceB.somegoodadvicesC.somegoodadviceD.goodadvices3.Usually,youngpeoplehaveblack__________andoldpeoplehavewhite__________.A.hairs,onesB.hair,oneC.hair,onesD.hairs,one4.Peterwasbusywithhisworkyesterday.Hedidn’tget__________.A.muchsleepB.manysleepsC.moresleepD.mostsleep5.Ithinkitisawonderful__________.A.workB.informationC.ideaD.news6.Haveyoufoundsome__________ontheleaves?A.dropsofwaterB.dropsofwatersC.dropswaterD.dropofwaters7.Iwanttobuy__________.A.twobottlesofinkB.twobottleofinkC.twobottleofinksD.twobottlesofinks中等题1.Howmany__________didyouhaveforbreakfast?A.loavesofbreadB.loavesofbreadsC.loafsofbreadD.loafofbread2.Weareveryhappywithour__________inourstudies.A.greatprogressesB.greatprogressC.manyprogressD.lotofprogress3.Pleasepassme__________.Iwillcorrectthem.A.thetestpaperB.somepiecesoftestpaperC.thetestpapersD.somepieceoftestpaper4.I’dliketohaveaglassofmilkand__________.A.twobreadsB.twopiecesofbreadsC.twopiecesofbreadD.twopieceofbread5.Hebought__________.A.twopairsofshoesB.twopairofshoesC.twopairsofshoeD.twopairofshoe抽象名词具体化1.Theyhad__________climbinguptothetopofthehill.A.goodtimeB.thegoodtimeC.agoodtimeD.goodtimes2.Shehasgivenus__________.A.agreathelpB.manyhelpsC.alargenumberofhelpD.alotofhelp3.Ihavetowrite__________,butIhave__________towrite__________.A.apaper,nopaper,onB.paper,nopaper,withC.apaper,notanypapers,onD.apaper,notapaper,on简单题4.Thisis__________room.5...\n...A.TomandMary’sB.Tom’sandMary’Cs.Tom’sandMaryD.TomandMary2.__________motherscouldn’tgotothemeeting,becausetheyhavegonetoChengdu.A.LiLeiandLucy.’LisLBei’sandLucyC.’LiLseiandLucyD.LiLeiandLucy3.__________cametovisitusthismorning.A.MyfatherfriendB.friendofmyfatherC.Afriendofmyfather’sD.Oneofmyfather’sfriend4.It’sonlyten__________break.A.minutesB.minute’sC.minutes’D.minutes’s1.Tomwontheboys_’_________raceinourschoolsportsmeeting.A.15000-metreB.15000-metresC.15000-metre’sD.1500meters2.Lookattheshoeswithadjustableheels.Theyaremy__________.A.sisterB.sister’sC.sisters’sD.sisters'3.Youmustfinishtheworkin__________.A.threeweekstimeB.threeweeks’timCe.threeweek’stimeD.three-weekstime4.---Whoseroomisthis?---It’s__________.A.LiMingB.LiMing’sC.LiMingsD.LiMings’中等题1.Lookattheshoes.Theyaremy__________.A.sisterB.sistersC.sisters’sD.sisters'2.Thisis__________room.Comein,please.A.JohnandJoanofB.JohnandJoan’sC.John’sandJoanD’.Jsohn’sandJoan1.Wesell__________inourshop.A.womanandchild’sclothesB.womenandchildrenTshirtsC.women’sandchildren’sjacketsD.woman’sandchild’scoats2.Wehadagoodtimeduringour__________holiday.A.twoweeksB.two-weeksC.two-week’sD.twoweeks’3.__________roomisonthe5thfloor.A.LucyandLilyB.LucyandLily’sC.Lucy’sandLilyD.Lucy’sandLily’s1.Ilikethatsonof__________.A.John’ssisterB.Johnsister’sC.John’ssister’Ds.John’ssisters2.On__________,allthechildrencanplaygamesallday.A.Children’sDayB.Childrens’DayC.TheChildren’sDDa.cyhildrenday3.Thisisnotmycap,butmy__________.A.brothersB.brother’sC.brothers’D.brother4.Tom'scarismorebeautifulthan__________.A.hisbrother'sandsisterB.hisbrotherandsisterC.hisbrothersandsistersD.hisbrother'sandsister's5.I’llgoandcallat__________rightafterschool.A.thedoctorB.theSmithsC.SmithD.myuncle’s6...\n...()1.Theoldwomanhasonhernose.A.aglassB.aglassesC.apairofglassesD.apairofglass()2.Mathsnoteasytolearn.A.beB.areC.isD.were()3.roomisverybig.A.Tom'sandJohn'sB.Tom'sandJohnC.TomandJohn'sD.TomandJohn()4.Sheepwhiteandmilkalsowhite.A.are;isB.is;areC.is;isD.are;are()5.Thesearenewbooks.Theyarebooks.A.studentsB.students'sC.students'D.student()6.Whatdoestheteachersayaboutlesson?Andwhatabout?A.Jim;youB.Jim's;yourC.Jims';yoursD.Jim's;yours()7.There'shere.Pleasesitoverthere.A.notaroomB.nottheroomC.noroomsD.noroom()8.Arethereonthatfarm?A.ahundredsheepB.hundredsofcowsC.afewhundredsofhorseD.hundredsofsheeps.st()9.June1is.A.childrendayB.ChildrensDayC.Children'sDayD.Childrens'Day()10.Thatpairofexpensive.A.glassisB.glassareC.glassesisD.glassesare()1.Theteacher'snameisJohnHenryBrown.Hisstudentscallhim.A.MrBrownB.MrJohnC.MrHenryD.MrsBrown.()2.Pleasepassme.A.twoglassofwaterB.twoglassesofwaterC.twoglassesofwatersD.twoglasswater()3.Theygotmuchfromthosebooks.A.ideasB.photosC.informationD.stories()4.Therearealotofdowntherebuthardlyany.A.sheeps;peopleB.sheep;peopleC.Sheeps;peoplesD.sheep;peoples()5.Intime,therearealotoftreesonthosemountains.A.afewyearB.afewyears'C.fewyearD.afewyear's()6.Iusuallygotoatoborrowsomebooks.A.shopB.cinemaC.hospitalD.library()7.September10isinChina.A.Teacher'sDayB.Teachers'DayC.TeacherDayD.TeachersDay()8.HanMeimeiandLucyaregoodfriends.Theyarein.A.ClassThreeB.ThreeClassC.ClassThirdD.thirdClass.()9.UncleWangboughttwoyesterday.A.watchsB.watchesC.watchD.watching()10.Therearesomehere.Youmayeatthem.A.orangeB.appleC.breadD.bananas7...\n...1-2CA1-5BBBBB1-5ADACC1-2BC简单：1-8ACAACBCA中等：1-5CCADB简单：1-7DCBACAA中等:ABBCA抽：CDA简单：ABCCAB/DBB中等:DBCDBAABDD三.5.CCCAC6—10.DDBCC五.1—5.ABCBB6—10.DBABD)8...