初中英语完形填空答题技巧及练习 6页

新方舟教育备课教案——初中英语完形填空解题技巧——黄飞考点分析:完型填空一直是考试必考题型,而且在整卷中占相当大的分值,如果该部分失分严重,会影响学生英语最终成绩.因此,学生必须熟练掌握完型填空做题技巧,同时通过一定量专题练习,提高做题的正确率.注:学生该部分失分特别严重,所以必须加大该部分的练习.一.完型填空最常用的四种解题法:　　1.总体把握:要通读完形填空的短文，跳过空格快速阅读，了解全篇的主要内容。切不可把宝贵的时间浪费在个别字句推敲上。2.弄清体裁:文章体裁通常分为四种：论述文、记叙文、说明文和应用文。中考选文以叙事性文章为主，如：幽默故事、科普知识、童话、简短新闻、名人轶事、社会热点问题等。读这类文章，要大体上了解故事所涉及的时间、地点、人物、事件及前因后果。3.重视主题句:完形填空所用的短文一般不给标题，但短文的主题句，往往在每段文章的首句，有时也出现在文章的中间或结束处。主题句提供全篇的性质、大意等，这是深入了解全文的“窗口”，甚至能以语句为立足点，从该句的时态、语气推测全文的主要内容。4.语境联想:利用上下文的提示，用学过的知识和已有的生活经验，扫清部分词汇理解上的障碍。二、几种种解题技巧：1.词语搭配\n(1)从语法角度来说，句子不是词的序列，而是词组的序列。(2)因搭配关系而产生的一般性词汇。如：seeafilm(3)词序和意义皆以固定的复合词和动词短语。如：pushaheadwith(奋力前行)。(4)因词组而构成的常见的句式：Itfeels+形容词+不定式，在搭配判断时，注意：要区别外形相近而意义不同的搭配。如：lookfor,lookover,lookout,lookafter,lookup等。要区别形不相似而意义相近的搭配。如：Ipaid12poundsforthedictionary.Thebookcostmealot.Ittookthreementoliftthebox.句中都有“付出、花费、需要”的意思。译成汉语时似乎相通。但更要注意它们之间的搭配变化；要注意单个词组的多义性。如：takeoff有“脱下(衣服)，(飞机)起飞，匆匆离开，取下，休假等多种含意。2.语法判定(1)要注意出现频率较高的词类题，依次为动词、介词、代词、连词、形容词、副词。选择各类词时，要注意以下几个方面：　a.名词的选择b.动词的选用c.选择介词d.选择代词e.选择连词f.选择形容词和副词(2)要注意句法题，搞清句子的种类、类型、省略和倒装　a.句子的种类包括陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。一般以考查疑问句、感叹句的词序为多见，其次是祈使句的零时态等。　b.句子的类型有简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句。上海中考考查要点是在复合句里的状语从句、宾语从句和直接/\n间接引语，也考查简单的定语从句。　c.句子的省略与倒装很少考查，却要看懂，不能引起对文章的曲解。(3)在语法适用方面，可以用择优法和排除法　a.择优法是把各选项代入短文中，选出在词义上符合要求，且在语法上又没有语病的答案。　b.排除法是在代入选项时如发现选项单词意义不对，或词与词搭配不妥，或存在语法错误，或与上下文有矛盾，则迅速排除不合适的选项，剩下的就是正确答案。3.例举对比。　在完形填空的多项选择中，常常会遇到难以选择的题目。需要调动头脑里的知识“储备”，例举熟知的语言现象与之相比较，再做出明智的选择。三、一般的解题过程是：1.通读全文，掌握大意。结合选项初步弄清短文写了些什么内容。2.瞻前顾后，分析先行。3.反复推敲，攻克难关。如果做不出来的话，可能要改变一下思路。4.验证答案，修正错误，着重注意这几点：(1)文章是否顺畅；(2)所填单词是否是最佳单词；(3)所填单词是否有拼写错误。四、对应练习：（A）Youcanreachalmostanygoalifyouwantto—butsometimesittakesgreateffortstorealizeyourdream．Thatwasquitetrueforme．WhenIwas17yearsold，Ibrokemyfather’s___80___．Hehad\nsavedenoughfromanaverageincometosendmetocollegetobecomealawyer．ThreemonthslaterIwashometellinghimthatIhadleftcollege—andforthefirsttimeIsawhim___81___.“Son，I’malwaysgoingtoloveyoueventhoughyou’llneverachieveanything，’’hesaidwithtears(眼泪)inhiseyes．WhenIwalkedoutofthatroom，Iwasburningwithsomethingwithinmybody．Noteveryonehasthechancetofeelit．Ididnotjustwantto___83___—Ihadto．[来源:Zxxk.Com]ButIcouldn'tseehowtodoitandallthetimemyfather’swordswereinmymind.Ibecomeasalesperson．Itwasnot___84___becauseIknewalmostnothingaboutmarketing.ThenamanintroducedmetotheEdwardstrainingcourse．Iwentandlearnedalotofuseful___84___．Itriedmybesttoputthemtowork．Soonafterthat，IstartedtastingthesweetfruitsofSuccessforthefirsttime．Sometimelater，ItoldthemanagerofmycompanythatIwouldliketomeetwithMr．Edwards．Theyarrangeditforme．Whenthedaycame，Itoldhim，“Mr.Edwards，mygoalistobeabletotrainpeoplejustasyoutrainedme．’’___85___，heagreedtoletmetry．AllthatcametruebecauseIsetgoalstomakeithappen．Stickingtothegoalwasthemostimportant．80．A)promiseB)recordC)heartD)law81．A)shoutB)cryC)laughD)relax82．A)succeedB)argueC)stopD)move83．A)fairB)easyC)seriousD)safe84．A)poemsB)dialoguesC)excusesD)skills85．A)LuckilyB)UsuallyC)ClearlyD)Suddenly(B)Tiffany,a16-year-oldgirl,wasvery,shy.LastSeptember,herbestfriend,Sophie,movedabroadwithherfamilybecauseshehadtocontinueherstudiesinAmerica.Sheevensaidshewouldnotcomebackforatleastafewyears.Tiffanybecame80andhelpless."IwasreallysadthemomentIheardthebadnewsandIdidn'tknowwhattodo,"Tiffanyrecalled(回忆)."I81myselfinmyroomforawholeweek.ItwasthenthatmyaunttookmetoasportscluboneSaturdayandIsaw'somanyyoungpeopleplayingvarioussportsthere.Isignedupforabeginners'courseinvolleyballandsincethenIhavebeenplayingthissport.NowIpractisetwiceaweekthere.ItiswonderfulplayingsportsinthisclubandIhavemadelotsof82aswell.What'smore,IfeelIammuchhealthierthanbefore."Themostbasicaimofplayingsportsisthatyoucanimproveyourhealthevenifyouarenotverygoodatsports.83,youcangettoknowacircleofpeopleatyouragewhileplayingsports.Tiffanyusedtobeaveryquietgirl.Sinceshejoinedthesportsclub,shehasopenedupherselfandnowshehasbecomevery84andenjoysmeetingandtalkingwithothers.Formostpeople,thatisoneoftheattractionsofjoiningasportsclub.Youcangettoknowotheryoungpeoplewhohavesimilarinterests.Youdon'thavetositdownandtalktostrangers.Yougoinforsportsanditiseasiertounderstandyourpartnersonthesameteam.NowTiffanyisquite85herfriendsandshehasalsogainedmoreconfidence.\nTrytodoregularsports.Themindneedsexerciseaswellasthebody.80.A)angryB)lonelyC)tiredD)surprised81.A)shutB)hurt.C)enjoyedD)helped82.A)troubleB)mistakesC)moneyD)friends83.A)SofarB)InadditionC)OnceagainD)Afterall84.A)activeB)strongC)luckyD)independent85.A)generoustoB)differentfromC)popularwithD)disappointedin(C)Wehavealwaysbeenwarnedofthedangersoftheforestfires.Theycause85toaforest.Theykillmanyplantsandanimalsinaneco-system,whichisagroupoflivingthingsandtheirenvironment.Buthaveyoueverheardofaforestfirethatcanbe86foraforest?Peoplestartsomeofthefireswithaspecialreasonstoactuallydogoodtotheeco-system.Infact,firesareanaturalpartofanyeco-system.Withoutfires,theoldestandlargesttreeswouldstopsunlightfromreachingtheforestfloor.Firescan87someoftheseoldtrees.Whenthetreesdie,theyprovidesomethinggoodfortheearth.Newtreescangrowstrongandhealthyintheirplace.Sometreesevenneedfirestogrow.Thesetreesholdtheirseeds(种子)inside.Heatfromafireallowthecoatoftheseedstoopenup.Thentheseedsfalltothegroundandhavethe88togrow.Scientists,whoknowaboutnature’sneeds,startsomeofthesefires,calledcontrolledburns.Afireisstartedandkeptundercontrol.Thisway,thefiredoesnotspreadoutoftheareaor89alargespaceoftheforest.Firescanbedangerousforanimals.Evenwhenanimalscontinuetoliveafterforestfires,theycangohungry90theirfoodhasbeendamagedinthefire.Small,controlledfiresmeanthatanimalswillnothavetomovefartofindfood.Aftersometime,smallplantsbegintogrow.Animalsreturnsoonaftertheplantsreturn.This91makesaneco-system.Sothenexttimeyouhearaboutaforestfire,thinkaboutthegoodaswellasthebad.Itmaytakeaneweco-systemawhiletoreturn,butitwilllikelycomebackstrongerandhealthierthanever.85.A.illnessB.difficultyC.damageD.flood86.A.helpfulB.powerfulC.harmfulD.awful87.A.taketheplaceofB.getreadyforC.bebadforD.getridof88.A.timeB.waterC.chanceD.skill89.A.discoverB.coverC.butD.waste90.A.becauseB.althoughC.butD.so91.A.almostB.againC.neverD.even\nA:80.C81.B82.A83.B84.D85.AB:80.B81.A82.D83.B84.A85.CC: