初中--英语代词用法全解与练习(含答案) 8页

~人称代词顺口溜：人称代词有两类，一类主格一类宾；主格代词本领大，一切动作由它发；宾格代词不动脑，介动之后跟着跑。物主代词顺口溜：物主代词不示弱，带着‘白勺’来捣乱；形容词性物主代，抓住名词不放松；最后只剩名词性，海阔天空任它走。主   格宾  格形容词性物主代词名词性物主代词反身代词第一人称单数Imemyminemyself第二人称单数youyouyouryoursyourself第三人称单数he she ithim her ithis her itshis hers itshimselfherselfitself第一人称复数weusouroursourselves第二人称复数youyouyouryoursyourselves第三人称复数theythemtheirtheirsthemselves人称代词的用法人称代词的主格在句子中作主语或主语补语。一般在句首，动词前。例如：Johnwaitedawhilebuteventuallyhewenthome.约翰等了一会儿，最后他回家了。JohnhopedthepassengerwouldbeMaryandindeeditwasshe.约翰希望那位乘客是玛丽，还真是她。说明：在复合句中，如果主句和从句主语相同，代词主语要用在从句中，名词主语用在主句中。在电话用语中常用主格。例如：Whenhearrived,Johnwentstraighttothebank.约翰一到就直接去银行了。IwishtospeaktoMary.Thisisshe.我想和玛丽通话，我就是玛丽。人称代词的宾格在句中作宾语或表语，在动词或介词后。例如：Doyouknowhim？(作宾语)你认识他吗？Whoisknockingatthedoor？It’sme.(作表语)是谁在敲门？是我。说明：单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格，即使它代表主语时也是如此。例如：IlikeEnglish.Metoo.我喜欢英语。我也喜欢。注意：在动词be或tobe后的人称代词视其前面的名词或代词而定。例如：Ithoughtitwasshe.　　我以为是她。　　　　　(主格----主格)　　Ithoughtittobeher.　　　　　　　　　　　　　(宾格----宾格)　　Iwastakentobeshe.　　我被当成了她。　　　　(主格----主格)　Theytookmetobeher.　他们把我当成了她。　　(宾格----宾格)人称代词并列时的排列顺序单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称→第三人称→第一人称即youandIhe/she/itandIyou,he/she/itandI顺口溜：第一人称最谦虚，但若错误责任担，第一人称学当先。例如：ItwasIandJohnthatmadeherangry.复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称→第二人称→第三人称即weandyouyouandtheywe,youandthey物主代词的用法~~~\n~物主代词实际上是人称代词的所有格形式。根据其句法作用，物主代词可以分为形容词性和名词性两种。形容词性物主代词一定要后接名词，不可单独使用(如：Thisismybook.这是我的书)名词性物主代词可以独立使用，无需后接名词(如：Thisbookismine.这本书是我的)。名词性物主代词=形容词性物主代词+名词例如：Ourteacheriscomingtoseeus.Thisisherpencil-box.MynameisJim.形容词性物主代词Excuseme,isthisyourcar?HisparentsareinEngland.Theywashtheirfaceseveryday.MayIuseyourpen?Yoursworksbetter.Ilovemymotherlandasmuchasyouloveyours.名词性物主代词ThelifeIhaveisyours.反身代词的用法英语中用来表示"我自己"，"你自己"，"他自己"，"我们自己"，"你们自己"等意义的代词称为反身代词。反身代词可用作宾语、同位语、表语等。用作同位语时，主要用于加强被修饰词的语气，可紧放在被修饰名词后或句末。作宾语，表示动作的承受者就是动作的发出者，主语和宾语指同一个人或一些人。例如：Hecalledhimselfawriter.WouldyoupleaseexpressyourselfinEnglish?　作表语。例如：Itdoesn'tmatter．I'llbemyselfsoon．Thegirlinthenewsismyself．作主语或宾语的同位语，表示亲自或本人。例如：Imyselfwashedtheclothes.=Iwashedtheclothesmyself.（作主语同位语）Youshouldasktheteacherhimself．（作宾语同位语）用于be,feel,seem,look等后作表语表示身体或精神处于正常状态。例如：I'llbemyselfagaininnotime.我一会儿就会好的。I’mnotquitemyselfthesedays.我近来身体不大舒服有些动词需要有反身代词：absent，bathe，amuse，blame，dry，cut，enjoy，hurt，introduce，behave。例如：Weenjoyedourselvesverymuchlastnight.我们昨晚玩的很开心。Pleasehelpyourselftosomefish.请你随便吃点鱼。名词所有格的问题名词所有格：表示有生命的东西的名词以及某些表示时间、距离、星球、世界、国家等无生命的东西的名词后加’s表示所有关系，叫做名词所有格。例如：men’sroom男厕所ChairmanMao’sworks毛主席著作amile’sdistance一英里的距离astone’sthrow一步之遥themoon’slight月光但该名词是以-s或-es结尾的则只在该名词后加’，来构成所有格。例如：3hours’walk三小时的路程fiveminutes’walk五小时路程towmiles’distance两英里的距离用名词所有格表示处所例如：abutcher’s肉铺atailor’s裁缝铺abarber’s理发店adoctor’s诊所mysister’s我姐姐家stationer’s文具店Lucy’s露西家~~~\n~相关练习题写出下列人称代词的复数形式及宾格形式I,you,she,it,he,~~~~2、填空1.Let_____(I)help____(you).2.Let_____(we)go.3.(I)_____arestudents.4.Ican'tfind_____(they).5.Give____(he)thebook.3、选择1.________areinthesameclass.A.HerandmeB.SheandlC.MeandherD.landshe2.Hereisaseatfor________.A.bothusB.usbothC.bothofusD.BandC3.-Doyoulikethesecomputers?-No,Idon'tlike_______.A.allthemB.themallC.everyongD.any4.Tomfound_______interestingtoclinmbhills.A.itB.itisC.thatD.this5.Ourtercherthink_______areright.A.oursB.ourselverC.WeD.us6.______havebeeninvetedtotheParty.A.HE,IandyouB.I,youandheC.You,IandheD.You,heandI~~~~用括号中的适当形式填空　　（1）Arethese________（you）pencils?　　　　Yes,theyare________（our）.　　（2）—Whoseisthispencil?　　　　—It’s________（I）.　　（3）Ilove________（they）verymuch.　　（4）Sheis________（I）classmate.代词练习：A.     写出各个代词的对应项。I       — _________ —   my    — ________ — myselfYou    —  _________ — ________—   yours   —_______________ —  him       — ________—  ________ —_______________ — __________ — ________—  ________ —herself______ —  it         — ________—  ________ —_______________ —  us        — ________—  ________ —_______________ —___________ — ________—   yours    —_______________ —___________ — their     —  ________ —_________ B.用代词的适当形式填空。1. MissGaoteaches____Englishatschool,andIteach________athome.2. Ineedanewschoolbag,soIwouldbuyonefor__________.3. Thisisnotmycoat._______isnewerthanthisone.Maybe____is______.(she)4. Herearesomecookies.Help_________.(you)5.Jimheldapartylastnight.All_____friendscameand______enjoyed_________.6.Lucyfelloff_____bike._____hurt_________badly.7.Thegirlistooyoung.______can’tdress_________,so______motherdresses_______everymorning.8.-----Whocooksfor____when______motherisout?-----Nobody.______cook(s)________.9.Bob’sgrandpahurt_______.______parentstook_____tothehospital.TheyleftBobby________,so_____hadtolookafter_________.10.  Thisisnot_____bike.______isbroken.Nobodycanhelp____tomendit,so______mustmenditallby________.英语代词语法练习Exercise3~~~\n~1.Isthis  dictionary?         a.you     b.yours          c.your       d.hers2.It’sabird.   nameisHappy.         a.It’s      b.It         c.Its      d.His3.whatcolorisyourcat?Isitawhite ?      a.cat’s b.that  c.one  d.it4.pleasegivethekeyto   .            a.his   b.he   c.him   d.mine5.   houseisyours?            a.whose   b.where  c.How  d.which6.-whose room is that?   - it’s  .      a.mybrothers b.them c.ofmybrother  d.theirs7.I’vebeenexpecting  lettersthewholemorning,buttherearen’t   forme.a. some,one      b.many,afew     c.some,any       d.afew,none8.Youarehungry?Whydon’tyouhave  bread?   a.little  b.any  c.some d.few9.Bobandhisbrotherwentonholidaywithanephewof .   a. theirs b.their  c.his d.him10.Ourchildrencantakecareof now.    a.their b.themself c.themselves d.them11.isthatbike?IsitTom’s?      a.which  b.whose  c.who’s   d.what12.IDon’tyouthinkthethieftobe ?    a.him   b.his    c.man      d.he用所给词的适当形式填空。 Shall________(we)gotothezoobybusorbybike? MsDingteaches_______(we)maths. Bobloves_______(he)motherverymuch. Dotheyknow________(they)newteacher? ________(we)newmodelplanecanflyveryhigh. Ihavealovelycat,______(it)nameisCarl. Jimisaverygoodboy.Wealllike______(he). TheboyunderthetreeisHenry.Thisis_______(he)bike. Shedoesn’tlike_______(she)newdressatall.Whobought(买)itfor______(she)? Whoisthemanoverthere? ________is_______(we) headmaster. Isthisredcoatyours?  No,_________isyellow. 根据提示填空1.Whereare我的______shoes?  2.Arethose你的________shoes?   3.他______looksupat她_______.  4.Couldyoucomeandplaywith我________?   5.Icanhelp他_______with他的________English. 6.Doyoulike她________? 7.我们的_________teacherasks我们_______tostudyhard. 8.Whydoyoumake他们______sittherequiet?   9.谁的________caristhis?It’s她的____________.  10.Thiscarisforyou,it’s______now.改错.判断下列句子中的代词是否有错误，如果有请改正。1．Ilikehe.    2.Thischeeseisyour.    3.Wecalltheylions.  4.Thosetoyplanesaremy.  5.Canmehelpyou?    6.Whatisherdoing?    7.Sheisreadingabookforthey.   8.Itisn’ther,it’smine.例题示范：请将下列单词分类，并写出汉语意思。It  yours  us her his me hers it them mine you our  him ours  her you my your his their  theirs its  ~~~\n~主格 宾格 形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 I me我 my我的 mineYou你 you你 your你的 yours He him他 his他的 his She her她 her她的 hers It it它 its它的 its We us我们 our我们的 ours You你们 you你们 your你们的 yours They them她(他,它)们 their她(他,它)们的 theirs 例：用所给词的适当形式填空。1 Shall_we_(we)gotothezoobybusorbybike?2 MsDingteachesus(we)maths.3 Bobloves his (he)motherverymuch.    4Dotheyknow their(they)newteacher? 5Our (we)newmodelplanecanflyveryhigh.6 Ihavealovelycat, its (it)nameisCarl.7 Jimisaverygoodboy.Wealllike him(he).8 TheboyunderthetreeisHenry.Thisis his (he)bike.9 Shedoesn’tlike her(she)newdressatall.Whobought(买)itfor her (she)?10 Whoisthemanoverthere?  He is  our (we) headmaster.11 Isthisredcoatyours?  No, mine isyellow.练习：1.Thisisnot_____desk.Mydeskisoverthere.2.－Canyouspell_____name,Harry?－Sorry.3.TomandJackarebrothers.Thisis_____room.4.Weareinthesameclass._____classroomisverynice.5.MrsGreenismyteacher.I’m_____student.6.That’sacat._____nameisMimi.7.Tomisintheroom.Thisis_____pencil-box.8.SamandPeter,lookat_____hands.Theyaresodirty.9.－Mike,isthis_____picture?－Yes,itis.10.－Canweput_____coatshere?－Yes,youcan.11.Mum,theyare_____classmatesRoseand_____brother　David.12.Jack,whereare_____socks?答案：1.my　2.your　3.their　4.Our　5.her　6.Its7.his　8.your　9.your　10.our　11.my,her　12.your 例题示范：根据提示填空1.Whereare我的my shoes?  2.Arethose你的your shoes?   3.他He looksupat她her.  4.Couldyoucomeandplaywith我me?   5.Icanhelp他him with他的his English. 6.Doyoulike她her? 7.我们的Our teacherasks我们ustostudyhard. 8.Whydoyoumake他们them sittherequiet?   9.谁的Whose caristhis?It’s她的hers.  10.Thiscarisforyou,it’s yours now.改错题答案：判断下列句子中的代词是否有错误，如果有请改正。1．Ilikehim.    2.Thischeeseisyours.    3.Wecallthemlions.  4.Thosetoyplanesaremine.  5.CanIhelpyou?    6.Whatisshedoing?    7.Sheisreadingabookforthem.   8.Itisn’thers,it’smine.代词练习用括号中的适当形式填空（1）Arethese________（you）pencils?Yes,theyare________（our）.（2）—Whoseisthispencil?—It’s________（I）.（3）Ilove________（they）verymuch.（4）Sheis________（I）classmate.（5）MissLioftenlooksafter________（she）brother.（6）—Arethese________（they）bags？—No,theyaren’t________（their）.Theyare________（we）参考答案：1.your　ours　2.mine　3.them　4.my　5.her　6.their,theirs,ours英语代词练习~~~\n~(  )1.Whichof_____textbooksisyours?      A.this    B.that    C.these(  )2._____ismine._____ishers.     A.It    B.This    C.Those    D.That(  )3.TheareaofShanghaiislargerthan_____ofSuzhou.   A.this B.those C.that(  )4.ThebicyclesmadeinTianjinaremuchbetterthan_____madeinBeijing. A.that         B.these         C.those(  )5._____willspendthesummervacationinQingdao. A.He,youandI         B.You,heandI         C.I,youandhe(  )6.—Whoissingingthere? —_____isLiMing'ssister.   A.She  B.This  C.It(  )7.Sheisanoldclassmateof_____.      A.me    B.my    C.mine(  )8.Takecareof_____.      A.myself    B.you    C.yourself(  )9.Mybrotherknowsjustvery_____English.      A.few   B.alittle   C.little(  )10.Theweatherisverywet,becausetherehadbeen_____rainthissummer. A.many         B.much         C.afew(  )11.Theradioisalmostthesameas_____.      A.She's    B.her    C.hers(  )12.How_____Englishphrasesdoyouthinkyouhavelearnedthisterm? A.much         B.many         C.any (  )13.Dr.BethuneworkeddevotedlyfortheChineserevolution,butheneverthoughtof_____.           A.his         B.hisown         C.himself (  )14.Thecommunemembersbuiltthebigdam____.  A.them B.themselves C.theirs (  )15.Practicein_____islearning.       A.himself    B.itself    C.herself (  )16.TheYugoslavpeopledeeplymourned_____greatleaderTito.    A.theirs         B.they         C.their (  )17.Oneshoulddo_____bitonthenewLongMarch.   A.oneself B.one's C.ones (  )18._____taskwillbecompletedsoon.       A.Ours    B.Ourselves    C.Our (  )19.Youhadbetteraskthemother_____about_____gooddeeds.    A.hers         B.her         C.oneself         D.herself (  )20.Weshouldbestrictwith____instudy.    A.myself  B.ourown  C.ourselves (  )21.Duringtheexaminationnooneisallowedtoask_____questions.     A.some       B.any       C.each       D.all (  )22.How_____didthecoatcostyou?  A.many B.much C.money D.muchyuan (  )23.Iboughtaniceskirtfor_____.       A.she    B.her    C.herself  (  )24.Mr.Zhangpraised_____for_____progressinstudies.  A.he B.him C.his (  )25.Doyouneed_____coffee?     ~~~\n~ A.some    B.any    C.many (  )26.Willyouhave_____sweets?       A.any    B.some    C.much (  )27._____ofuswanttogoswimmingin_____acoldday.    A.no         B.none         C.so         D.such (  )28.Somelikephysics,_____likechemistry.    A.theother B.others C.theothers (  )29.Therearefourdictionariesonthebookshelf.OneisFrench,_____areEnglish.    A.theother         B.another         C.theothers (  )30.Thechildrendon'tlikethisstory.Pleasetellthem_____.    A.theother         B.another         C.theother's (  )31.Myparentsare_____cadres.       A.all    B.both    C.either (  )32.Thesecupsareours.Thoseare_____.     A.others    B.others'    C.other's (  )33.TheBeijingLibraryislargerthan_____libraryinChina.    A.any         B.anyother         C.theother (  )34.Chinaislargerthan_____countryinEurope.      A.any  B.anyother  C.all (  )35.—Doyouhaveanybooksonatomicphysics?    —Yes,Ihave_____.    A.afew         B.few         C.alittle代词用法练习题一、选择填空1、Thesearepensand________arepencils.(that,this,those) 2、Tomwassickyesterday.________iswhyhemissedschool.(That, Those,These) 3、Whichof______shirtsareTom's(These,this,that) 4、Thisdeskismine,______ishers.(those,this,that) 5、ThemapofBeijingisbetterthan________ofTianjing.(this,that,these) 6、_______(He,Her,His)maneisJack.._______(She,He,His)isacook. 7、_______(I,My,Mine)auntisanurse.______(She,He.Her)worksveryhard. 8、Pleaseshow_______(me,I,mine)theway. 9、Thebooksaren't(my,mine,I).________(They,It,Its)maybe_______(her,hers,your) 10、Let______(I,me,mine)tell_______(her,she,hers)howtodoit.11、Help_____(you,your,yourself)tosomefish,please. 12、Don'ttell_______(he,him,his)theanswer._____(I,Me,Us)believethat_____(he,him,his)canworkouttheproblem______ (he,himself,him)13、It'sgoingtosnow,"theoldwomansaito_______.(her,herself,hers)14、Theladyunderthetreeis_______(mine,my,me)aunt._______(She, Her,Herself)oftensingsEnglishsongswith_______(her,hers,she)husband. 15、Afriendof_____(me,my,mine)cametohelp_______(I,me,mine)with_____(mine,my,I)homeworkyesterdayafternoon.16、Becarefulnottomake___________(you,your,yourself)dirty.三、选择填空1、Everyoneshoulddo______best.A.its B.ones C.his D.their2.______isaclosefriendof_______.A.She,mine B.Her,mine, C.She,my D.Hers,my3.Youcannotfinishthework________.Let______helpyou.A.youself,me B.yourself,mine C.yourselves,me D.yourself,me~~~\n~4._______workisheavy,but___________isheavierthan_________.A.Our,their,our B.Our,theirs,ours C.Ours,theirs,our D.Our,their,ours5.Pleasetakegoodcareof________.A.you B.youself C.yourself D.myself6.Ourteacheraskedustoenjoy_________duringthesummerholidays.A.us  B.ours  C.we  D.ourselves7.Healwaysthinksofothersandneverthinksof_________.A.him  B.us  C.his  D.himself8.Musicmakes______relaxing.A.us  B.ours  C.we  D.he9.What'sTom'sphonenumber_____phonenumberis81826753.A.He's  B.His  C.He  D.Her10.WhereisyourhomeworkIcan'tfind_______anywhere.A.you  B.your  C.yours  D.yourself~~~