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初中英语情态动词专项练习题情态动词:cancouldmaymightwillwouldmusthavetoneedhadbettershould情态动词特点 1.情态动词没有人称和数的变化.2.情态动词后必须跟动词原形。考点一:can,could,may,must等情态动词的用法:1.can的用法:(1).表示能力,译为“能、会”,即有种能力,尤其是生来具备的能力。Shecanswimfast,butIcan’t.她能游得很快,但我不能。Icanseewithmyeyes.我用眼睛看。(2).表示许可,常在口语中。Youcanusemydictionary.你可以用我的字典。(3).表示推测,条件:常用于否定句和疑问句中,此时can’t译为“不可能”。Canthenewsbetrue?这个消息会是真的吗?—Canitbeourteacher?那个人有可能是我们老师吗?—No,itcan’tbeourteacher.HeisonavisittotheGreatWall.不可能。咱们老师正在游览长城呢。【例题】—IthinkMissGaomustbeinthelibrary.Shesaidshewouldgothere.—No.She__bethere,Ihavejustbeenthere. A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.wouldn’t【解析】根据下文“我刚去过那儿”可知,应为“不可能”,can’t表示推测[答案]A2.could的用法:(1).can的过去式,意为“能、会”,表示过去的能力。Hecouldwritepoemswhenhewas10.他十岁时就会写诗。(2).could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could没有过去式的意思。Couldyoudomeafavour?你能帮我个忙吗?—CouldIuseyourpen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes,youcan.可以。(注意回答,用could提问,必须用can来回答)3.may的用法:(1).表示请求、许可,比can正式MayIborrowyourbike?我可以借你的自行车吗?Youmaygohomenow.现在你可以回家了。【例题】—_______IborrowyourMP3?—Sure.Hereyouare.tA.MayB.ShouldC.MustD.Would【解析】在此处表示请求,意为“做……可以吗”。 答案:A初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页\n(2).表示推测,谈论可能性,意为“可能,或许”,条件:表示不太有把握的推测.Itmayraintomorrow.明天可能会下雨。Shemaybeathome.她可能在家呢.(3).may的过去式为might,表示推测时。可能性低于may。Heisawayfromschool.Hemightbesick.他离开学校了,可能是他生病了。(4).表示希望、祈求、祝愿,常可译为“祝愿”。通常是用may+主+VMayyouhaveagoodtime.祝你过得愉快。Mayyoubehappy!祝你幸福!Mayyousucceed!祝你成功!4.must的用法:(1).must表示主观看法,意为“必须、一定”。YoumuststayhereuntilIcomeback.在我回来之前你必须呆在这儿。MustIhandinmyhomeworkrightnow?我必须现在交作业吗?(2)其否定形式mustn’t表示“一定不要”“千万别”“禁止,不许”.Youmustn’tplaywithfire.你不许玩火。Youmustn’tbelate.你一定不要迟到。(3)对must引导的疑问句,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t或don’thaveto.—MustIfinishmyhomework?我现在必须完成作业吗?—No,youneedn’t.不,你不必。(4)must表示推测,翻译成:想必,一定.条件:1.有把握的推测2.用于肯定句。Thelightison,sohemustbeathomenow.灯亮着,他现在一定在家。5.need的用法:(1).need表示需要、必须,主要用于否定句和疑问句中,其否定形式为needn’t,意为“没有必要,不必”。用need提问时,肯定回答为must,否定回答为needn’t或don’thaveto。—NeedIstayhereanylonger?我还有必要留在这儿吗?—Yes,youmust.是的。—No.youneedn’t/don’thaveto.不,你不必。(2).need还可以作实义动词,此时有人称、数和时态的变化,常构成词组needtodosth。Ineedtodoitrightnow.我需要马上做这件事。Heneedstolearnmoreaboutthegirl.他需要多了解那个女孩。如果是物作主语,一般用needdoing与needtobedone这种情况下应注意两点:①.主动形式的动名词doing具有被动的含义;②.该动名词可以改为其动词不定式的被动形式而句子的意义不变。例如:.Thedoorneedspainting.=Thedoorneedstobepainted.那扇门需要油漆一下。Yourcar初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页\nneedsmending.=Yourcarneedstoberepaired.你的车需要维修了。6.shall的用法:shall表示征求对方意见(多用于第一人称),Shallwegooutforawalk?我们出去散步好吗?在英语中,我们可以用其他多种方式提出我们的建议或征求对方意见。(1).用“Let'sdo...”来提出建议。如:Let'sgoforawalkaftersupper.(2).用“What/Howabout...?”来提出建议;about后接名词或动词ing形式。如:Whatabout/Howaboutadrink?Whatabout/HowabouttakingTomwithus?(3).用“Whynot...?”来提出建议,表示“何不……”not面后接动词原形。“Whynot...?”实际上是“Whydon'tyou/we...?”的简略形式。如:Whynotmeetattheschoolgateateight?Whydon'twestayhereanotherday?(4).用“Wouldyoulike...?”来提出建议,意思是“你想要……吗?”Wouldyoulike后可接名词或不定式。如:Wouldyoulikeacupoftea? Wouldyouliketogoandseeher?因此,如果我们说:“去游泳好吗?”英语中可有这样几种表达法:Shallwegoforaswim? Let'sgoforaswim,shallwe? Whatabout/Howaboutgoingswimming? Whynotgoforaswim? Wouldyouliketogoforaswim? Whatdoyouthinkofgoingforaswim?8.should的用法:(1).should意为“应该”,可表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等。Weshouldprotecttheenvironment.我们应该保护环境。9.will的用法:will表示意愿、意志、打算,可用于多种人称。IwillhelpyouifI’mfreethisafternoon.今天下午如果我有空,我就会帮你。注意:1、will在therebe句型中的形式及其句式变换。由于“一般将来时”的结构可以用“will+动词原形”来表示,所以therebe句型的一般将来时的形式就是therewillbe。(一定不能说therewillhave)Therearemanystudentsinourschool.→Therewillbemanystudentsinourschool.Therewillbeasportsmeetingnextweek.一定不能说:Therewillhaveasportsmeetingnextweek.10.hadbetter的用法:hadbetter“最好”,没有人称和数的变化,后面接动词原形,其否定形式为:hadbetternotdo。Wehadbettergonow.我们最好现在就走。Youhadbetternotgivethebooktohim.你最好不要把这本书给他。考点二:含有情态动词的疑问句的回答1.对may引出的问句,可以有下列回答方式:肯定回答:Yes,youmay.Yes,ofcourse. Yes,certainly. Sure. 初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页\n否定回答:No,youmustn’t.No,youcan’t.2.对must引出的疑问句,回答方式为:Yes,…must.No,…needn’t/don’thaveto.3.could在疑问句中,表示委婉的语气,此时could没有过去式的意思。—CouldIuseyourpen?我能用一下你的钢笔吗?—Yes,youcan.可以。(注意回答)4.shall引出的疑问句用于第一人称,表示征求对方意见或客气的请求。其回答方式有以下几种:Yes,please. Allright. No,thankyou.5.wouldyou…的回答方式有以下几种:Yes,Iwill.(No,Iwon’t.) Sure.(I’msorry,Ican’t.) Allright/OK/Withpleasure. Certainly.(No,thankyou.) Yes,please.【例题】—WouldyoudomeafavourandpassonmythankstoLily?—________. A.That’srightB.WithpleasureC.Itdoesn’tmatterD.Notrouble【解析】A.“对了”,B.“乐意效劳”,C.“没关系”D.“不费事”。答案:B【情态动词易混点归纳】易混点一:can和beableto:两者表示能力时用法相同,但can只有原形“can”和过去式“could”两种形式,在其他时态中要用beableto来表示。另外beableto常常指经过努力,花费了时间和劳力之后才能做到某事。如:Jimcan’tspeakEnglish.吉姆不会说英语。HecouldspeakEnglishat5.他五岁时就会说英语。We’llbeabletoseehimnextweek.下星期我们将会见到他。Hehasbeenabletodrive.他已经会开车了。I’msureyou’llbeabletofinishitquickly.我相信你能迅速地完成。Wewereabletoreachthetopofthemountainatnoon.我们能在中午到达山顶。易混点二:can和may1.can和may均可用来征求意见或许可,意为“可以”,一般可互换使用。如:Can/MayIhelpyou?我能帮助你吗? 2.can和may表示可能性时的区别:1)在肯定句中用might,may,must,不用can2)在疑问句中表示推测用can,不用might,may,must3)在否定句中用can’t(不可能),不用may,must。如:Shemaybeintheclassroom.她可能在教室里。Wherecantheybenow?他们现在可能在哪儿?Thatcan’tbetrue.那不可能是真的。易混点三:maybe和maybe 用法区别常用位置maybemay为情态动词,be为动词原形句中,作谓语maybe副词,大概、也许,相当于perhaps句首,作状语例如:Hemaybewrong,butI’mnotsure.也许他错了,但我也不确定。初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页\n易混点四:can’t和mustn’t1.can’t根据其基本用法可译为:(1)不会。如:Ican’tspeakEnglish.我不会说英语。(2)不能。如:Wecan’tdoitnowbecauseit’stoodark.天太黑了,我们现在干不了。(3)否定句中表示推测。“不可能”,如:Themancan’tbeourteacherbecauseheismuchyoungerthanourteacher..那个人不可能是咱们老师,他年轻得多。2.mustn’t意为“禁止、不许”,用来表达命令,表示强烈的语气。如:Youmustn’tplayfootballinthestreet.It’stoodangerous.你不可以在街上踢足球,太危险了。 易混点五:must和haveto1.must侧重于个人意志和主观上的必要。haveto侧重于客观上的必要,可用于现在时、过去时和将来时。如:IknowImuststudyhard.我知道我必须努力学习。Mybrotherwasveryill,soIhadtocallthedoctorinthemid-night.我弟弟病得厉害,我只得半夜里把医生请来。Ihaven’tgotanymoneywithme,soI’llhavetoborrowsomefrommyfriend.我身上没带钱,只好向朋友借点了。Hesaidtheymustworkhard.他说他们必须努力工作。2.haveto可以用于多种时态;而must只用于一般现在或将来。如:Thecompositionisduetohandinthismorning,soIhadtofinishitlastnight.作文今天早晨到期,因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。易混点六:usedtodo/beusedtodoing/beusedtodo…/beusedfordoingsthusedtodo表示过去常常发生的动作,强调过去,只用于过去,注意用todo,不用doing形式;而beusedtodoing意为“习惯做…”,be可有各种时态;beusedtodo意为“……被使用去做……,”为被动语态形式。beusedfordoingsth“用作……”如:Myfatherusedtoeatingmeat.我父亲过去起床晚,但现在不得不早起了。Sheisusedtoeatingmeat.她习惯吃肉。Hewasn’tusedtoeatinginarestaurant.他不习惯在饭店吃饭。Aknifecanbeusedforcuttingthings.(刀可以用来割东西)/Aknifecanbeusedtocutthings.(刀可以用来割东西)【情态动词例题解析】1、—________youpassmeapen?I’dliketowritedownthephonenumber.—Sure.Hereitis.A.CanB.NeedC.MightD.Must【解析】由题干可知,本句表示请求、许可。答案:A2、—MayIgotothecinema,mum?—Certainly,butyou________bebackby11o’clock.A.canB.mayC.mustD.need【解析】由题意可知,此处并非表推测的用法,而是妈妈对孩子提出的要求,故选C,意为“必须”。答案:C 3、You______gettherebybus.A.don’tneedB.needn’ttoC.don’tneedtoD.needdon’tto【解析】由选项A可知need为实义动词,故应加上to才正确。选项Bneedn’t初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页\n为情态动词,应去掉to,故选C.4、You_______worryaboutme.It’snothingserious.A.can’tB.mustn’tC.needn’tD.won’t【解析】由题干It’snothingserious可推断,第一句意为“你不必为我担心”,故选C。本题易错选B,mustn’t意为“禁止”,故不正确。答案:C5、—Excuseme.IsthistherightwaytotheSummerPlease?—Sorry,I’mnotsure.Butit_______be.A.mightB.mustn’tC.can’tD.must【解析】考查情态动词might表推测的用法。“I’mnotsure”说明说话者的语气并不肯定,所以要用might。答案:A6、Themanintheoffice___beMr.Black,becausehewenthomejustnow.A.mustn’tB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t【解析】由下文hewenthomejustnow可知办公室里那个人不可能是Mr.Black。mustn’t意为“千万别”,maynot意为“可能不”,needn’t意为“不必”。can’t意为不可能,故选C。7、—Canyougosurfingwithusthisafternoon?—I’dliketo,butI__lookaftermysisterathome,becausemymotherisill.A.needB.mustC.havetoD.should【解析】由题干mymotherisill为客观要求可知,选C.8、—MayItakethisbookoutofthereadingroom?—______.Pleasereadithere.A.CertainlyB.No,youneedn’tC.No,youmustn’tD.No,youmaynot【解析】MayI…?的否定答语为No,youcan’t/mustn’t.;MustI…?否定答语为No,youneedn’t/don’thaveto.;CanI…?的否定答语为No,youcan’t.在口语交际中,要体会句子中的情感差别。答案:C 【情态动词活学巧练】1()1John___cometoseeustonight,butheisn'tverysureyet.A.mayB.canC.hastoD.must()2They___dowellintheexam.A.canbeabletoB.beabletoC.canabletoD.areableto()3—MayItakethisbookout?—No,you___.A.can'tB.maynotC.needn'tD.aren't()4You___goandseeadoctoratoncebecauseyou'regotafever.A.canB.mustC.dareD.would()5—CanyouspeakJapanese?—No,I____.A.mustn'tB.can'tC.needn'tD.maynot2.()1.–He___beintheclassroom,Ithink—No,he___beintheclassroom.Isawhimgohomeaminuteago.A.can;maynotB.must;maynotC.may;can'tD.may;mustn't()2—ShallIgetonemorecakeforyou,Dad?—Thanks,butyou___,I'vehadenough.A.maynotB.mustnotC.can'tD.needn't初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页\n()3Eventhetopstudentsinourclasscan'tworkoutthisproblem,soitbeverydifficult.A.mayB.mustC.canD.need()4Heisn'tatschool.Ithinkhe___beill.A.canB.shallC.mustD.hasto()5___Itakethisone?A.MayB.WillC.AreD.Do3()1Thechildren___playfootballontheroad.A.can'tB.canC.mustn'tD.must()2You___belateforschoolagainnexttime.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.don'thavetoD.don'tneedto()3—MustIdomyhomeworkatonce?—No,you___.A.needn'tB.mustn'tC.can'tD.maynot4()1Hisarmisallright.He___goandseethedoctor.A.hasnottoB.don'thavetoC.haven'ttoD.doesn'thaveto()2You'dbetter___latenexttime.A.nottobeB.notbeC.won'tbeD.don'tbe()3You'dbetter___yourhair___onceamonth.A.had;cutB.had;cuttedC.have;cutD.have;cutted()4You___askthatmanoverthere.Maybeheknowstheway.A.hadbetternottoB.hadnotbetterC.hadbetterD.hadbetternot6()1—ShallwegoandvisittheHistoryMuseumnextSunday?—________A.HereyouareB.Sorry,Ican'tC.Yes,pleaseD.Letmetry()2—Whydon'tyouaskMiketogowithus?—Thanks,___.A.IwillB.Iwon'tC.leanD.Imay()3—___Itakethenewspaperaway?—No,youmustn't.You____readitonlyhere.A.Must;canB.May;canC.Need;mustD.Must;must7()1Excuseme.___youpleasepassmethatcup?A.DoB.ShouldC.WouldD.Must()2___youliketohaveanothertry?A.CouldB.WillC.WouldD.Do()3—Wouldyouliketogoboatingwithus?—Yes,___.A.I'dlikeB.IwantC.I'dliketoD.Ido8()1You___worryaboutyourson.Hewillgetwellsoon.A.needn'tB.can'tC.mustn'tD.haveto()2—Mustwedoourhomeworkfirst?—No,you___.Youmayhavearestfirst.A.mustn'tB.needn'tC.maynotD.can't情态动词练习题1.It’snearlyseveno’clock.Jack_______behereatanymoment. A.must B.need C.should D.can2.Johnny,you_______playwiththeknife,you_______hurtyourself. A.won’t;can’t B.mustn’t;mayshouldn’t;must D.can’t;shouldn’t3.Thefirespreadthroughthehotelveryquicklybuteveryone_______getout. A.hadto B.would C.could D.wasableto4.—WhencanIcomeforthephotos?Ineedthemtomorrowafternoon. —They_______bereadyby12:00. A.can B.should C.might D.need初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页\n5.—AreyoucomingtoJeff’sparty? —I’mnotsure.I_______gototheconcertinstead. A.must B.would C.should D.might6.—IsJohncomingbytrain? —Heshould,buthe_______not.Helikesdrivinghiscar. A.must B.can C.need D.may7.Aleft-luggageofficeisaplacewherebags_____beleftforashorttime,especiallyatarailwaystation. A.should B.can C.must D.will8.Whenhewasthere,he___gotothatcoffeeshopatthecornerafterworkeveryday. A.would B.should C.hadbetter D.might9.Ithasbeenannouncedthatcandidates_____remainintheirseatsuntilallthepapershavebeencollected.A.can B.will C.may D.shall10.How______ousaythatyoureallyunderstandthewholestoryifyouhavecoveredonlyapartofthearticle?A.can B.must C.need D.may11.—Ihearyou’vegotasetofvaluableAustraliancoin._______Ihavealook? —Yes,certainly. A.Do B.May C.Shall D.Should 初中英语情态动词专项练习共十页;第 .How_______candidates_____ 8页